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Patent US4584246A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4584246A
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Bipolar membranes
Assignee: Chinese Petroleum Corp
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Filing: 1983-11-23
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Granted: 1986-04-22
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Expires: 2003-11-23
Abstract
Abstract An improved bipolar membrane, a precursor for said membrane and a process for preparing bipolar membranes and precursors are described. In the process a precursor is formed by laminating at least two polymeric layers at least one of which is non-ionic. After the formation of the precursor, the non-ionic layer or layers are chemically treated to form a stable bipolar membrane having high permselectivity and low potential drop. The novel bipolar membrane contains an interfacial layer having anionic and cationic domains.
Inventors
- 👤 Kang-Jen Liu
- 👤 Ho-Lun Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 23:46
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/20; C08J5/22; B; B01; B01D; B01D61/00; B01D61/42; B01D61/44; B01D61/445; B32; B32B; B32B27/00; B32B27/06; B32B27/08; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B7/00; B32B7/04; B32B7/10; C08J5/2206; C08J5/2275; C08J2327/00; C08J2327/02; C08J2327/04; C08J2327/06; Y; Y02; Y02A; Y02A20/00; Y02A20/124; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909; Y10T428/31928; Y10T428/31935
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
84 words
A laminate structure useful in the manufacture of bipolar membranes which comprises: (1) an anionic or a cationic ion-exchange layer; (2) a non-ionic layer containing chemically reactive sites which, when reacted, will form an ion-exchange layer having a charge opposite to the ion-exchange layer 1; (3) an intermediate layer interposed between said layers 1 and 2 and having ion-exchange domains of the same charge as layer 1 and reactive sites which, when reacted, will form ion-exchange domains having the same charge as layer 2.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
84 words
A laminate structure useful in the manufacture of bipolar membranes which comprises: (1) an anionic or a cationic ion-exchange layer; (2) a non-ionic layer containing chemically reactive sites which, when reacted, will form an ion-exchange layer having a charge opposite to the ion-exchange layer 1; (3) an intermediate layer interposed between said layers 1 and 2 and having ion-exchange domains of the same charge as layer 1 and reactive sites which, when reacted, will form ion-exchange domains having the same charge as layer 2.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The laminate structure of claim 1, wherein the non-ionic layer consists of a vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer and the ion-exchange layer consists of cationic ion-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
34 words
The laminate structure of claim 1, wherein the laminate, in addition, comprises juxtaposed to either or both of the layers (1) or (2) an ion-exchange layer or a non-ionic layer containing chemically reactive sites.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The laminate structure of claim 1, wherein the non-ionic layer consists of divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin in a matrix polymer and the ion-exchange layer consists of cationic ion-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The laminate structure of claim 1 wherein the reactive sites in the intermediate layer are on a polymer matrix.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
80 words
A bipolar membrane consisting of an anionic ion-exchange layer, a cationic ion-exchange layer and an interfacial layer therebetween composed of an ion-exchange resin dispersed in a polymer matrix, said bipolar membrane being prepared from a laminate precursor comprising an intermediate layer having ion-exchange resin dispersed therein and reactive sites by intimately contacting said laminate precursor with a reagent so as to convert said reactive sites to ionic groups which have a charge opposite to the charge on said ion-exchange resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
80 words
A bipolar membrane consisting of an anionic ion-exchange layer, a cationic ion-exchange layer and an interfacial layer therebetween composed of an ion-exchange resin dispersed in a polymer matrix, said bipolar membrane being prepared from a laminate precursor comprising an intermediate layer having ion-exchange resin dispersed therein and reactive sites by intimately contacting said laminate precursor with a reagent so as to convert said reactive sites to ionic groups which have a charge opposite to the charge on said ion-exchange resin.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The bipolar membrane of claim 6, wherein the anionic and cationic ion-exchange layers consist of an ion-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The bipolar membrane of claim 6, wherein the anionic ion-exchange layer comprises an aminated divinylbenzene-vinylbenzyl chloride resin in a matrix polymer and the cationic ion-exchange layer comprises a cationic ion-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
The bipolar membrane of claim 6, wherein the anionic ion-exchange layer comprises a vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer aminated with diamines and the cationic ion-exchange layer comprises a cationic ion-exchange resin in a matrix polymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The bipolar membrane of claim 6, wherein the anionic ion-exchange layer has juxtaposed thereon an additional anionic ion-exchange layer or the cationic ion-exchange layer has juxtaposed thereon an additional cationic ion-exchange layer or both.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
31 words
The bipolar membrane of claim 6, wherein the resin is a cationic ion-exchange resin, and the matrix is vinylbenzyl chloride-styrene copolymer aminated and crosslinked by diamines or polyamines, or mixed amines.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-04-21 | 1989-10-21 | 1990-04-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-04-21 | 1993-10-21 | 1994-04-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-04-21 | 1997-10-21 | 1998-04-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |