Patent US4577184A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4577184A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Security system with randomly modulated probe signal
Assignee: TETRA-TECH Inc A CORP OF
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Filing: 1983-05-23
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Granted: 1986-03-18
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Expires: 2003-05-23
Abstract
Abstract This security system monitors a remote intrusion-sensing unit by probing it with a probe signal that is randomly modulated. The intrusion-sensing unit replies with a composite signal in which "secure" or "alarm" status information is superimposed on the random modulation of the probe signal. (The system may if desired be elaborated to accept and utilize other status information, such as "access" or "reverse correlation.") A master unit checks the correlation of the reply-signal modulation with the probe-signal modulation, and generates a special "deception" alarm if the correlation is not in accordance with an established pattern--such as positive correlation, reverse correlation, or correlation varying in some way that is systematic or otherwise determinable by the master unit. For example, the correlation requirement may be controlled by a code that is generated (even randomly) at the intrusion sensor; or the correlation check may be made insensitive to yet further superimposed variations in signal level, frequency, or delay. Such further variations may, for instance, convey specific information about conditions at the remote secured facility--such as motion, sound or vibration there. Preferably the signals in both directions are optical signals transmitted by optic fibers. To make deception as difficult as possible (at least in the context of field operations) even for an intruder who knows exactly how the system works, the probe signal is of very low amplitude and the reply signal of very high amplitude.
Inventors
- 👤 Henri Hodara
- 👤 Willard H. Wells
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 20:25
CPC Classifications
G; G08; G08B; G08B29/00; G08B29/02; G08B29/04; G08B13/00; G08B13/22; G08B13/24; G08B13/2491; G08B29/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
300 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the source or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the mddulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signals in at least part of the first signal path and in at least part of the second signal path are optical signals; and the intrusion sensor comprises an optical mirror that is moved into position to reflect an optical signal from the first signal path into the second signal path if and only if the facility is in a particular one of the secure and alarm conditions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
300 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the source or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the mddulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signals in at least part of the first signal path and in at least part of the second signal path are optical signals; and the intrusion sensor comprises an optical mirror that is moved into position to reflect an optical signal from the first signal path into the second signal path if and only if the facility is in a particular one of the secure and alarm conditions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The system of claim 1 wherein: the optical paths comprise optic fibers that carry the optical signals.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
257 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the first signal path carries the modulated probe signal at a modulation amplitude that is sufficiently low to significantly deter accurate detection of the modulating signal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
257 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the first signal path carries the modulated probe signal at a modulation amplitude that is sufficiently low to significantly deter accurate detection of the modulating signal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
261 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the second signal path carries the composite reply signal with total power that is sufficiently high to significantly deter substitution of a deception signal by an intruder under field conditions.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
261 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; a first signal path for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the second signal path carries the composite reply signal with total power that is sufficiently high to significantly deter substitution of a deception signal by an intruder under field conditions.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
288 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor and for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signals in at least part of the signal-path means are optical signals; and the intrusion sensor comprises an optical mirror that is moved into position to receive an optical signal exiting from the signal-path means and reflect that optical signal into the signal-path means if and only if the facility is in a particular one of the secure and alarm conditions.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
288 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor and for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signals in at least part of the signal-path means are optical signals; and the intrusion sensor comprises an optical mirror that is moved into position to receive an optical signal exiting from the signal-path means and reflect that optical signal into the signal-path means if and only if the facility is in a particular one of the secure and alarm conditions.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The alarm system of claim 5, wherein: the signal-path means comprise optic fiber means for carrying the optical signals.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
251 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor and for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signal-path means carry the modulated probe signal at a modulation amplitude that is sufficiently low to significantly deter accurate detection of the modulating signal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
251 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor and for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signal-path means carry the modulated probe signal at a modulation amplitude that is sufficiently low to significantly deter accurate detection of the modulating signal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
258 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signal-path means carry the composite reply signal with total power that is sufficiently high to significantly deter substitution of a deception signal by an intruder under field conditions.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
258 words
An alarm system for a facility whose security is to be monitored, said system comprising: a probe-signal source for generating a probe signal; a modulating-signal source for generating a substantially random modulating signal for use in modulating the probe signal; a modulator, responsive to the random modulating signal, for applying the modulating signal to the probe signal to produce a modulated probe signal that fluctuates substantially in accordance with the random modulating signal; an intrusion sensor that establishes at least a secure condition and an alarm condition of such a facility, and that receives the modulated probe signal and impresses information as to the secure or alarm condition upon the modulated probe signal, to form a composite reply signal; a signal receiver for receiving the composite reply signal; signal-path means for carrying the modulated probe signal to the intrusion sensor; a second signal path for carrying the composite reply signal from the intrusion sensor to the signal receiver; and a correlation-testing device that is responsive to the modulation of the modulating signal, and that is also responsive to the modulation of the composite reply signal at the signal receiver, and that compares the modulation of the composite reply signal with the modulation of the modulating signal, and that generates an attempted-deception signal when the composite-reply-signal modulation is not correlated with the modulating-signal modulation in a particular manner; and wherein: the signal-path means carry the composite reply signal with total power that is sufficiently high to significantly deter substitution of a deception signal by an intruder under field conditions.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-03-17 | 1989-09-16 | 1990-03-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-09-16 | 1994-03-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-03-17 | 1997-09-16 | 1998-03-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |