Patent US4576002A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4576002A
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US
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Exhaust mixer for turbofan aeroengine
Assignee: Rolls Royce PLC
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Filing: 1984-08-22
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Granted: 1986-03-18
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Expires: 2004-08-22
Abstract
Abstract The exhaust mixer can be classified as being of the multi-lobed type, with troughs between the lobes. The lobes and troughs comprise confronting pairs of flow surfaces which are twisted between their upstream and downstream ends such that a vortex flow system is established downstream of the mixer to encourage mixing between the bypass airstream and the turbine exhaust stream. The downstream edges of the twisted flow surfaces are in the form of sinuous curves which destabilize the vortex system and cause the vortices to burst, hence increasing the mixing efficiency.
Inventors
- 👤 George Mavrocostas
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 07:53
CPC Classifications
F; F02; F02K; F02K1/00; F02K1/38; F02K1/386
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
217 words
An exhaust mixer of the multi-lobed type for a bypass gas turbine aeroengine whereby during operation of said aeroengine there is established a vortex system downstream of said exhaust mixer to encourage mixing between a bypass airstream and a turbine exhaust stream, said mixer comprising: a plurality of troughs and lobes, said troughs being located between said lobes, said troughs and said lobes comprising confronting pairs of flow surfaces, said flow surfaces having a progressive twist between their upstream and downstream ends such that said vortex system is established, said vortex system including vortices of said bypass air and said turbine exhaust trailing from said downstream ends of said flow surfaces, and vortex destabilising means including said twisted flow surfaces having downstream edges in the form of sinuous curves each having a single point of inflection, said sinuous curves producing substantial variations in the degree of twist of the downstream ends of the flow surfaces relative to their upstream ends, said bypass airstream and said turbine exhaust stream leaving the downstream edges of said flow surfaces with a substantial range of rotational velocity components and a substantial range of velocity components transverse to the streamwise direction of air and exhaust flow whereby said vortex system is rendered unstable and said vortices interact with one another to burst.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
217 words
An exhaust mixer of the multi-lobed type for a bypass gas turbine aeroengine whereby during operation of said aeroengine there is established a vortex system downstream of said exhaust mixer to encourage mixing between a bypass airstream and a turbine exhaust stream, said mixer comprising: a plurality of troughs and lobes, said troughs being located between said lobes, said troughs and said lobes comprising confronting pairs of flow surfaces, said flow surfaces having a progressive twist between their upstream and downstream ends such that said vortex system is established, said vortex system including vortices of said bypass air and said turbine exhaust trailing from said downstream ends of said flow surfaces, and vortex destabilising means including said twisted flow surfaces having downstream edges in the form of sinuous curves each having a single point of inflection, said sinuous curves producing substantial variations in the degree of twist of the downstream ends of the flow surfaces relative to their upstream ends, said bypass airstream and said turbine exhaust stream leaving the downstream edges of said flow surfaces with a substantial range of rotational velocity components and a substantial range of velocity components transverse to the streamwise direction of air and exhaust flow whereby said vortex system is rendered unstable and said vortices interact with one another to burst.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 1 in which said vortex destabilising means comprises the downstream edges of the twisted flow surfaces, said downstream edges being in the form of sinuous curves each having a single point of inflection.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
187 words
An exhaust mixer of the multi-lobed type for a bypass gas turbine aeroengine, said exhaust mixer having turbine-exhaust-stream-contacting flow surfaces which at least partially define said lobes, and bypass-airstream-contacting flow surfaces which at least partially define said troughs between said lobes, said flow surfaces having upstream and downstream ends and further having a longitudinal progressive twist between said upstream and downstream ends such that confronting sides of said lobe and each of said trough comprise flow surface portions having opposed senses of twist, latitudinal contours of said progressively twisted flow surfaces giving said flow surfaces sinuous downstream ends having a single point of inflection, said sinuous downstream ends producing substantial variations in the degree of twist of the downstream ends of the flow surfaces relative to their upstream ends, said bypass airstream and said turbine exhaust stream leaving the downstream ends of said flow surfaces with a substantial range of rotational velocity components and a substantial range of velocity components transverse to the streamwise direction of said bypass air and exhaust flow, said vortex system being thereby rendered unstable, said vortices interacting with one another to burst.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
187 words
An exhaust mixer of the multi-lobed type for a bypass gas turbine aeroengine, said exhaust mixer having turbine-exhaust-stream-contacting flow surfaces which at least partially define said lobes, and bypass-airstream-contacting flow surfaces which at least partially define said troughs between said lobes, said flow surfaces having upstream and downstream ends and further having a longitudinal progressive twist between said upstream and downstream ends such that confronting sides of said lobe and each of said trough comprise flow surface portions having opposed senses of twist, latitudinal contours of said progressively twisted flow surfaces giving said flow surfaces sinuous downstream ends having a single point of inflection, said sinuous downstream ends producing substantial variations in the degree of twist of the downstream ends of the flow surfaces relative to their upstream ends, said bypass airstream and said turbine exhaust stream leaving the downstream ends of said flow surfaces with a substantial range of rotational velocity components and a substantial range of velocity components transverse to the streamwise direction of said bypass air and exhaust flow, said vortex system being thereby rendered unstable, said vortices interacting with one another to burst.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
132 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 3 in which said latitudinal contours of said flow surfaces change gradually in the downstream direction from uninflected curves extending peripherally of said turbine exhaust stream at said upstream ends of said flow surfaces, to said sinuous curves at said downstream edges of said flow surfaces, the overall orientation of said sinuous curves being transverse of said uninflected curves by reason of said twist in said flow surfaces, whereby confronting sides of each of said lobes and each of said troughs being delineated by mid-portions of said sinuous curves, outer portions of said lobes are at least partly delineated by outwardly convex portions of said sinuous curves, and inner portions of said troughs are at least partly delineated by inwardly concave portions of said sinuous curves.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
52 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 1 or claim 3 in which said progressive twist between said upstream and said downstream ends of said flow surfaces is non-uniform in that the degree of twist per unit length of said flow surfaces is greater at said downstream ends that at said upstream ends.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 1 or claim 3 in which said flow surfaces have a maximum angle of twist between their upstream and downstream ends of not less than 90°.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
60 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 4 in which peripherally adjacent flow surfaces are not contiguous with each other over at least their downstream portions, whereby said outer portions of said lobes and/or said inner portions of said troughs are provided with substantially V-shaped gashes therein, said gashes extending convergently upstream from said downstream ends of said lobes and troughs.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
An exhaust mixer according to claim 4 in which said downstream ends of said flow surface portions comprising said inner portions of said troughs are further downstream than said downstream ends of said flow surface portions comprising said outer portions of said lobes.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-03-17 | 1989-09-16 | 1990-03-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-03-17 | 1993-09-16 | 1994-03-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-03-17 | 1997-09-16 | 1998-03-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |