US4560591A — Apparatus for and method of spraying for forming …

Claim 1

Independent Claim 181 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein there are a plurality of feed passages each feeding a said spray nozzle.

Claim 2

Dependent Claim 181 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein there are a plurality of feed passages each feeding a said spray nozzle.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 176 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein the nozzles have axes that are substantially parallel.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 176 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein the nozzles have axes that are substantially parallel.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 31 words

A lance according to claim 2, wherein said lance has an axis and wherein said spray nozzles are disposed with their axes at an angle to the axis of said lance.

Claim 6

Independent Claim 158 words

A method of spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas against a surface so that on combustion a coherent refractory mass is formed on such surface, comprising: using a lance having a lance head with a plurality of spray nozzles and having at least one feed passage along which the material to be sprayed is conveyed to said lance head whence the material is ejected through said plurality of spray nozzles, said material moving through said lance head along a flow path from an upstream to an downstream position; controlling said flow path to provide at least one location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path; and catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path by locating a cup-like recess at each said at least one location so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of said recess.

Claim 7

Independent Claim 158 words

A method of spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas against a surface so that on combustion a coherent refractory mass is formed on such surface, comprising: using a lance having a lance head with a plurality of spray nozzles and having at least one feed passage along which the material to be sprayed is conveyed to said lance head whence the material is ejected through said plurality of spray nozzles, said material moving through said lance head along a flow path from an upstream to an downstream position; controlling said flow path to provide at least one location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path; and catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path by locating a cup-like recess at each said at least one location so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of said recess.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 34 words

A method according to claim 4 wherein the step of controlling the flow path further comprises conveying said material to be sprayed to all said spray nozzles via at least one common feed passage.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 68 words

A method according to claim 5, wherein the flow path of the material being sprayed undergoes an abrupt change of direction in the lance head, and wherein the step of catching is accomplished by receiving said particulate material conveyed along the flow path in at least one cup member so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of such change of direction.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 39 words

A method according to claim 4, wherein there are a plurality of feed passages and whrein the step of using the lance comprises conveying said particulate material to be sprayed toward each said nozzle along a different feed passage.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 35 words

A method according to claim 4, wherein the lance head has a centre and the nozzles have ends, and further comprising differentially spacing the ends of the nozzles from the centre of the lance head.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 25 words

A method according to claim 4, wherein the step of using the lance is conducted by spraying the material in streams having substantially parallel axes.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 28 words

A method according to claim 9, wherein the lance has an axis and the axes of the streams lie at an angle to the axis of the lance.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 28 words

A method according to claim 4, wherein the step of using the lance is conducted by spraying the material in streams which have a common axis of symmetry.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 13 words

A method according to claim 4, further comprising cooling the lance during spraying.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 25 words

A method according to claim 4, wherein the step of using the lance is conducted by spraying the material from at least three spray nozzles.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 39 words

A method according to claim 4, further comprising feeding the particulate material to said at least one feed passage of the lance via a venturi for each said at least one feed passage along which particulate material is conveyed.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 23 words

A method according to claim 4, further comprising feeding said combustible material and said refractory material to the lance from a common hopper.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 25 words

A method according to claim 4, further comprising feeding the lance refractory particles which constitute at least 80% by weight of the particulate material sprayed.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 176 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a centre and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, said spray nozzles having ends which are differentially spaced from said centre of said lance head, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, and means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 176 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a centre and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, said spray nozzles having ends which are differentially spaced from said centre of said lance head, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, and means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 221 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein there is at least one said feed passage feeding all said spray nozzles, wherein said spray nozzles are disposed out of register with said at least one feed passage, and wherein said means providing a cup-like recess includes a cup member in line with and open to said at least one feed passage.

Claim 23

Dependent Claim 221 words

A lance for spraying particulate refractory-forming combustible material, particulate refractory material and a comburent gas, comprising: means defining at least one feed passage for conveying material to be sprayed; and a lance head which has a stem and is operatively connected to said at least one feed passage, and which includes a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying the material, means defining a flow path for flow of the material being sprayed along said flow path from an upstream to a downstream position, said flow path being formed to have a location at which the material undergoes a change in direction as it flows along the flow path, means providing a cup-like recess located at said location, said recess being open to the flow path in the upstream direction of said flow path, for catching particulate material conveyed along said flow path so that the material caught itself forms a barrier against abrasion at the location of the recess, and a cooling jacket provided for said stem, wherein there is at least one said feed passage feeding all said spray nozzles, wherein said spray nozzles are disposed out of register with said at least one feed passage, and wherein said means providing a cup-like recess includes a cup member in line with and open to said at least one feed passage.

Claim 24

Dependent Claim 28 words

A lance according to claim 18, wherein said lance head has a centre and an axis through its centre and is symmetrical about the axis through its centre.

Claim 25

Dependent Claim 15 words

A lance according to claim 18, wherein said cooling jacket is a contra-flow cooling jacket.

Claim 26

Dependent Claim 32 words

A lance according to claim 20, wherein said cooling jacket comprises at least three concentric coolant passages arranged for coolant flow in alternate directions as between one such passage and the next.

Claim 27

Dependent Claim 17 words

A lance according to claim 18, wherein said lance head includes at least three said spray nozzles.

Claim 28

Dependent Claim 44 words

Spraying apparatus including a lance according to claim 18, at least one venturi associated with said at least one feed passage, and means for feeding the particulate material to said at least one feed passage of said lance via said at least one venturi

Claim 29

Dependent Claim 23 words

Spraying apparatus according to claim 23, and further comprising a single hopper for feeding particulate material to said at least one feed passage.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1988-12-23	1989-06-24	1989-12-24	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1992-12-23	1993-06-24	1993-12-24	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1996-12-23	1997-06-24	1997-12-24	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Apparatus for and method of spraying for forming refractories

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