Patent DE1542836C successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4559974A
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US
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Apparatus and method of arresting ductile fracture propagation
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1984-07-25
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Granted: 1985-12-24
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Expires: 2004-07-25
Abstract
Abstract A crack arrester for stopping a propagating ductile fracture in an object such as a pipe comprises a band defined by a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, nonmetallic fibers which are wound around the object in intersecting relationship with the direction of propagation and are encapsulated in a resin matrix which is cured.
Inventors
- 👤 Norman C. Fawley
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 21:13
CPC Classifications
F; F17; F17C; F17C1/00; F17C1/02; F17C1/04; F17C1/06; B; B29; B29C; B29C53/00; B29C53/56; B29C53/58; B29C53/60; B29C53/62; B29C53/66; B29C63/00; B29C63/24; F16; F16L; F16L57/00; F16L57/02; F17C2203/00; F17C2203/06; F17C2203/0634; F17C2203/0658; F17C2203/0663; F17C2203/0665; F17C2203/067; F17C2205/00; F17C2205/03; F17C2205/0302; F17C2205/0352; F17C2209/00; F17C2209/21; F17C2209/2154; F17C2209/2163; F17C2221/00; F17C2221/01; F17C2221/013; F17C2221/03; F17C2221/032; F17C2221/033; F17C2260/00; F17C2260/01; F17C2260/011; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S138/00; Y10S138/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
99 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of substantially unidirectional continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
99 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of substantially unidirectional continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the fibers are glass fibers.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The crack arrestor of claim 2, wherein the fibers are under only sufficient tension to have allowed the fibers to be wound orderly into the band.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The crack arrestor of claim 2, wherein each fiber has a diameter less than 0.001 inch.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The crack arrestor of claim 2, wherein the fibers comprise 76%-75% of the band.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the resin is an epoxy.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the resin is a polyester.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the band includes a plurality of layers of the fibers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the fibers are held together by cross filaments to define a mat.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the band is a helix.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
46 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the band-section crack arrestor comprises a plurality of spaced band sections, each of which has a width and thickness insufficient to stop a propagating ductile fracture, but together having sufficient strength to decelerate and stop a propagating ductile fracture.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the band defines edges, the band being bevelled along its edges.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1 wherein the band has edges and an arcuate cross section, the band being thickest at its center and tapered at its edges.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
36 words
The crack arrestor of claim 1, wherein the band has a radially inner surface, and the crack arrestor further includes a layer of mastic material defining an annulus on the radially inner surface of the band.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
102 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of substantially unidirectional, continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
102 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of substantially unidirectional, continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the band is bonded to the pipe.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the fibers are oriented essentially perpendicular to the direction of propagation.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the width of the band is less than the diameter of the pipe.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
42 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the band and the pipe each include a wall, and the band wall and the pipe wall each have a thickness, the thickness of the band wall being less than the thickness of the pipe wall.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
19 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the pipe is coated, and the crack arrestor is positioned over the coating.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
19 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the pipe is wrapped, and the crack arrestor is positioned ever the wrapping.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
48 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the pipe includes a plurality of sections, each of said sections being defined by a discrete element, a said band being positioned on some of the sections along substantially the entire length of the section, while the other sections have no band.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
27 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein the pipe includes a plurality of sections and joints between said sections, and a said band is positioned over each joint.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
The combination of claim 15, wherein the fibers are glass fibers.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
25 words
The combination of claim 24, wherein the fibers are under only sufficient tension to have allowed the fibers to be wound orderly into the band.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The combination of claim 15 wherein each fiber has a diameter less than 0.001 inch.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
The combination of claim 24, wherein the fibers comprise 67%-75% of the band.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass; said fibers being oriented substantially perpendicular to said predetermined direction of propagation.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
109 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass; said fibers being oriented substantially perpendicular to said predetermined direction of propagation.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
105 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers comprising at least 67% of the band and defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
105 words
In a crack arrestor for arresting a propagating ductile fracture in a pipe containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, and the stopping means includes a band for encompassing and constraining said pipe, the improvement comprising: the band including a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers comprising at least 67% of the band and defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
The crack arrestor of claim 29, wherein the fibers comprise no more than 75% of the band.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The crack arrestor of claim 29, wherein the fibers are glass fibers.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
112 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass; said fibers being oriented substantially perpendicular to said predetermined direction of propagation.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
112 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic fibers encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass; said fibers being oriented substantially perpendicular to said predetermined direction of propagation.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
107 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers comprising at least 67% of the band and defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
107 words
The combination of a pipe, having an axis, for containing fluid under a pressure sufficient to subject the pipe to the possibility of a ductile fracture propagating at a high speed in a predetermined direction, and a crack arrestor for arresting such a propagating ductile fracture, wherein the crack arrestor comprises means for stopping the propagating ductile fracture, the stopping means includes a band encompassing and constraining said pipe, and the band includes a plurality of continuous, high tensile strength, non-corrodible, lightweight nonmetallic encapsulated in a resin matrix, the fibers comprising at least 67% of the band and defining with the resin matrix a fluid impervious mass.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The combination of claim 33, wherein said fibers comprise no more than 75% of the band.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-12-23 | 1989-06-24 | 1989-12-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-12-23 | 1993-06-24 | 1993-12-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-12-23 | 1997-06-24 | 1997-12-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |