Patent US4557978A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4557978A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electroactive polymeric thin films
Assignee: Primary Energy Research Corp
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Filing: 1983-12-12
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Granted: 1985-12-10
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Expires: 2003-12-12
Abstract
Abstract Continuous polymer film of the polyacenequinone radical (PAQR) type, substrates coated with PAQR, and the method of coating a PAQR film comprising insister polymerization of at least on aromatic acene hydrocarbon monomer and at least one acidic monomer selected from di- or tri-aromatic anhydrides or derivatives thereof on a substrate by heating deposited monomers slowly under oxygen excluding conditions to a temperature of at least 300° C. and post-curing the formed film at a temperature above 300° C. thus forming a continuous, integral, pin-hole-free PAQR film on the substrate.
Inventors
- 👤 James W. Mason
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 14:29
CPC Classifications
H; H05; H05K; H05K9/00; H05K9/0073; H05K9/0081; H05K9/0084; C; C08; C08G; C08G61/00; C08G61/12; C08G61/122; H01; H01B; H01B1/00; H01B1/06; H01B1/12; H01B1/124; H01B1/127; H01B1/128; H01G; H01G4/00; H01G4/002; H01G4/018; H01G4/06; H01G4/14; H01G4/18; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M4/60; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31678; Y10T428/31692
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A coated article comprising: a substrate having at least one surface coated with an integral, homogeneous, continuous film of an in-situ polymerized PAQR polymer containing repeating units selected from: ##STR7## where X is C, CH, C═O, C--N, N, S, O or a carbon-carbon bond, Y is the same or different member selected from X and Z is NH, O, S, CH, C═O, SO or SO 2 .
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
67 words
A coated article comprising: a substrate having at least one surface coated with an integral, homogeneous, continuous film of an in-situ polymerized PAQR polymer containing repeating units selected from: ##STR7## where X is C, CH, C═O, C--N, N, S, O or a carbon-carbon bond, Y is the same or different member selected from X and Z is NH, O, S, CH, C═O, SO or SO 2 .
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
An article according to claim 1 in which the substrate is a metal.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of forming a PAQR film comprising the steps of: depositing a layer of precursor monomers on the surface of a substrate, said monomer comprising at least one aromatic acene hydrocarbon and at least one acidic monomer selected from di- or tri-aromatic anhydrides or derivatives thereof; polymerizing the monomers in situ on said surface; heating the layer slowly under oxygen excluding conditions to a temperature of at least 300° C. to form a PAQR film; and post-curing the film at a temperature above 300° C. to form a continuous, integral, pin-hole-free PAQR film on said surface.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
97 words
A method of forming a PAQR film comprising the steps of: depositing a layer of precursor monomers on the surface of a substrate, said monomer comprising at least one aromatic acene hydrocarbon and at least one acidic monomer selected from di- or tri-aromatic anhydrides or derivatives thereof; polymerizing the monomers in situ on said surface; heating the layer slowly under oxygen excluding conditions to a temperature of at least 300° C. to form a PAQR film; and post-curing the film at a temperature above 300° C. to form a continuous, integral, pin-hole-free PAQR film on said surface.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 3 in which the substrate has a coefficient of expansion differing by not more than 20% than the coefficient of expansion of the film.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 3 in which the substrate is metal.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 3 in which a plurality of layers of individual monomers are deposited sequentially by vapor deposition under reduced pressure.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method according to claim 6 in which each layer is at least 0.1 microns thick.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 7 in which each layer is no more than 5 mm thick.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method according to claim 3 in which the acidic monomer is selected from pyromellitic anhydride, mellitic trianhydride, pyromellitic acid chloride, or mellitic acid chloride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method according to claim 9 in which the acene monomer is carbazole and the acidic monomer is pyromellitic anhydride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
69 words
A method according to claim 3 in which the acene monomer is selected from a compound of the formula: ##STR8## where X is selected from C, CH, C═O, C--N, N, S, O or a carbon-carbon bond and Y is the same or a different member selected from X or a compound of the formula: ##STR9## where Z is selected NH, O, S, CH, C--O, SO, or SO 2 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 11 in which the acene is selected from thianthrene, xanthene, acridone, phenoxazine, xanthone, dibenzothiophene, 9-thioxanthane, carbazole, 9-thioxanthene, phenothiazine, anthraquinone, anthracene, phenanthrene, acridine and phenazine.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method according to claim 11 in which the film is doped with metals selected from Ag, Li, Na or B to yield a higher conductivity film.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the doped film is formed by inclusion of the metal ion in the layers of monomers used to form the film.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the doped film is formed by diffusion of the metal ion into the film.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the doped film is formed by implantation of the metal ion into the film.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 13 in which the doped film is formed by exchange of the metal ion with ions already existing in the film.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
9 words
A film produced by the method of claim 3.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
58 words
A continuous, integral, homogeneous film of PAQR formed by in-situ polymerization of monomers, said PAQR containing repeating units selected from ##STR10## where X is C, CH, C═O, C--N, N, S, O or a carbon-carbon bond, Y is the same or different member selected from X and Z is NH, O, S, CH, C═O, SO OR SO 2 .
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
58 words
A continuous, integral, homogeneous film of PAQR formed by in-situ polymerization of monomers, said PAQR containing repeating units selected from ##STR10## where X is C, CH, C═O, C--N, N, S, O or a carbon-carbon bond, Y is the same or different member selected from X and Z is NH, O, S, CH, C═O, SO OR SO 2 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-12-09 | 1989-06-10 | 1989-12-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-12-09 | 1993-06-10 | 1993-12-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-12-09 | 1997-06-10 | 1997-12-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |