Patent US4556624A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4556624A
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US
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Toner compositions with crosslinked resins and low molecular weight wax components
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1984-09-27
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Granted: 1985-12-03
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Expires: 2004-09-27
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed are improved positively charged electrostatic toner compositions comprised of a polyblend mixture of a crosslinked copolymer composition, and a second polymer, pigment particles, a wax component of a molecular weight of from 500 to about 20,000, and a charge enhancing additive. These compositions are particularly useful in imaging systems wherein release oils, such as silicone, are not required.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert J. Gruber
- 👤 Ronald J. Koch
- 👤 John F. Knapp
- 👤 Steven B. Bolte
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 07:04
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08775; G03G9/08782; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08793; G03G9/097; G03G9/09733; G03G9/09741; G03G9/09758
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
69 words
An improved positively charged electrostatic toner composition consisting essentially of a polyblend mixture with from about 5 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of a crosslinked copolymer composition, and from about 20 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of a second thermoplastic polymer, pigment particles, a wax component of a molecular weight of from 500 to about 20,000, and a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
69 words
An improved positively charged electrostatic toner composition consisting essentially of a polyblend mixture with from about 5 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of a crosslinked copolymer composition, and from about 20 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of a second thermoplastic polymer, pigment particles, a wax component of a molecular weight of from 500 to about 20,000, and a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the crosslinked copolymer is a styrene alkyl methacrylate, or a styrene butadiene polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein the styrene alkyl methacrylate is styrene-n-butylmethacrylate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein the crosslinking agent is divinylbenzene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
23 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the second polymer is selected from the group consisting of styrene polymers, and polyesters.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 2, wherein the styrene polymer is a styrene-n-butylmethacrylate copolymer crosslinked with divinylbenzene, and the second polymer is a styrene butadiene copolymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the pigment particles are carbon black.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the wax component is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 8, wherein the polyethylene or polypropylene is present in an amount of from about 1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1, wherein the charge enhancing additive is present in an amount of from about 0.1 percent by weight to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 10, wherein the charge enhancing additive is stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium paratoluene sulfonate, or cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a polychlorotrifluoroethylene-co-vinylchloride copolymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein the crosslinked copolymer is styrene-n-butylmethacrylate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
29 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein the polyblend mixture is comprised of a crosslinked copolymer of styrene-n-butylmethacrylate, and the second polymer is a styrene butadiene copolymer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12, wherein the waxy material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method for developing latent images which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive imaging member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and optionally permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17, wherein the crosslinked copolymer is a styrene methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17, wherein the resin particles are comprised of a polyblend mixture of a crosslinked copolymer of styrene-n-butylmethacrylate, and a second polymer is a styrene butadiene copolymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 17, wherein the process is accomplished in the absence of a silicone oil release fluid, and there results no offsetting of the resulting images.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
52 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the crosslinked polymer is present in an amount of from about 15 percent by weight to about 30 percent by weight, and the second polymer is present in an amount of from about 70 percent by weight to about 85 percent by weight.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
71 words
A positively charged toner composition with improved offset characteristics consisting essentially of a polyblend mixture with from about 5 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of a crosslinked copolymer composition; from about 20 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of a second thermoplastic polymer; pigment particles; a wax component with a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5,000; and a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
71 words
A positively charged toner composition with improved offset characteristics consisting essentially of a polyblend mixture with from about 5 percent by weight to about 80 percent by weight of a crosslinked copolymer composition; from about 20 percent by weight to about 95 percent by weight of a second thermoplastic polymer; pigment particles; a wax component with a molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5,000; and a charge enhancing additive.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the crosslinked polymer is a styrene alkyl methacrylate, or styrene butadiene; and wherein the second polymer is selected from the group consisting of styrene polymers and polyesters.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
38 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein the wax component is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene and polypropylene; and the charge enhancing additive is stearyl dimethyl phenethyl ammonium para-toluene sulfonate, or cetyl pyridinium chloride.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
36 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein there is present about 25 percent by weight of a crosslinked styrene n-butyl methacrylate copolymer, and about 65 percent by weight of a styrene n-butyl methacrylate copolymer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
31 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein there is present about 25 percent by weight of a crosslinked styrene-n-butyl methacrylate, and about 60 percent by weight of a polyester.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
33 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 22 wherein there is present about 25 percent by weight of a crosslinked styrene-n-butyl methacrylate, and about 60 percent by weight of a styrene butadiene copolymer.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 22 and carrier particles.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 12 wherein the carrier particles consist of a ferrite core with a coating thereover.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 29 wherein the coating is comprised of a copolymer of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinyl chloride.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-12-02 | 1989-06-03 | 1989-12-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-12-02 | 1993-06-03 | 1993-12-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-12-02 | 1997-06-03 | 1997-12-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |