Patent US4545366A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4545366A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Bi-focussed solar energy concentrator
Assignee: Entech Inc
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Filing: 1984-09-24
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Granted: 1985-10-08
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Expires: 2004-09-24
Abstract
Abstract A refractive optical concentrator for focussing solar energy on to small focal spots includes a linear Fresnel lens optically cross-coupled with simple cylindrical lenses. The cross-coupled lens concentrator comprises an optically clear dielectric material, such as acrylic plastic, with a plurality of linear prisms formed on its inner surface, and a plurality of perpendicularly mounted cylindrical lenses formed on its outer surface, such that the cylindrical lenses focus the sunlight toward a series of lateral axes and the prisms re-focus the sunlight along a longitudinal axis. The bi-focussed radiant energy is thereby concentrated upon a series of photovoltaic cells for transforming sunlight into electrical energy.
Inventors
- 👤 Mark J. O'Neill
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 19:55
CPC Classifications
F; F24; F24S; F24S23/00; F24S23/30; F24S23/31; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y10; Y10S; Y10S126/00; Y10S126/909
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
104 words
A lens system for focussing radiant energy on an energy receiving means arranged along a longitudinal axis, said lens system comprising: first concentrator means comprising a plurality of cylindrical lens elements mounted adjacent to each other in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said energy receiving means, said elements serving to receive incident radiant energy and initially focussing the incident energy in a first manner; and second concentrator means comprising a Fresnel lens optically coupled to said plurality of cylindrical lens elements and being operable to re-focus said initially focussed radiant energy to form discrete focal spots on the energy receiving means.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
104 words
A lens system for focussing radiant energy on an energy receiving means arranged along a longitudinal axis, said lens system comprising: first concentrator means comprising a plurality of cylindrical lens elements mounted adjacent to each other in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said energy receiving means, said elements serving to receive incident radiant energy and initially focussing the incident energy in a first manner; and second concentrator means comprising a Fresnel lens optically coupled to said plurality of cylindrical lens elements and being operable to re-focus said initially focussed radiant energy to form discrete focal spots on the energy receiving means.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first and second concentrator means comprise discrete first and second lens devices.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 2 wherein said discrete first and second lens devices each include a substantially smooth surface, said first and second lens devices being bonded together at said smooth surfaces.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first and second concentrator means are formed on first and second surfaces of a single layer of refractive material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 4 wherein said first concentrator means comprises the plurality of cylindrical lens elements on the outer surface of said refractive material, said lens elements being arranged to receive incident radiant energy, and said Fresnel lens comprises a plurality of refractive linear prisms on the inner surface of said refractive material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 5 wherein said prisms are oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to said cylindrical lens elements.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
36 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 4 wherein the radius of curvature from any focal spot to the center of said single layer of refractive material varies across the width of the refractive material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first and second concentrator means form an arch, said cylindrical lens elements being arranged across the arch.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
35 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the system further includes photovoltaic cells placed at each focal spot, said photovoltaic cells being operable to convert the re-focussed radiant energy into electrical energy.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 and further including heat receiving means placed at each focal spot to convert the re-focussed radiant energy into thermal energy.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said cylindrical lens means has a constant radius of curvature.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein at least one of said cylindrical lens elements has a varying radius of curvature.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
45 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said Fresnel lens is formed such that the angle at which incident radiant energy impinges upon said Fresnel lens is substantially equal to the angle at which the refracted radiant energy exits said Fresnel lens.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
54 words
The lens systems as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first and second concentrator means comprise a laminated assembly consisting of an outer lens structure defining the first concentrator means and an inner lens structure comprising the Fresnel lens, said inner and outer lens structures being bonded together to form the laminated assembly.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
110 words
A cross-coupled lens concentrator for focussing solar energy on a receiver arranged along a longitudinal axis, said lens concentrator comprising an inner surface of refractive linear prisms forming a linear Fresnel lens, and an outer surface of cylindrical lens elements, said lens elements arranged substantially perpendicularly to the said prisms and said longitudinal axis of said receiver, such that the Fresnel lens provides longitudinal concentration of the solar energy along the longitudinal axis of the receiver and the cylindrical lens elements provide lateral concentration of the solar energy along axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, thereby forming discrete focal spots on the longitudinal axis of the receiver.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
110 words
A cross-coupled lens concentrator for focussing solar energy on a receiver arranged along a longitudinal axis, said lens concentrator comprising an inner surface of refractive linear prisms forming a linear Fresnel lens, and an outer surface of cylindrical lens elements, said lens elements arranged substantially perpendicularly to the said prisms and said longitudinal axis of said receiver, such that the Fresnel lens provides longitudinal concentration of the solar energy along the longitudinal axis of the receiver and the cylindrical lens elements provide lateral concentration of the solar energy along axes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the receiver, thereby forming discrete focal spots on the longitudinal axis of the receiver.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of focussing solar energy into a series of focal spots, the method comprising the steps of: initially focussing the solar energy, by means of substantially cylindrical lenses, along a series of lateral axes at a receiver means; and re-focussing the solar energy, by means of a prismatic linear Fresnel lens, along the main receiver axis which is substantially perpendicular to the lateral axes.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
65 words
A method of focussing solar energy into a series of focal spots, the method comprising the steps of: initially focussing the solar energy, by means of substantially cylindrical lenses, along a series of lateral axes at a receiver means; and re-focussing the solar energy, by means of a prismatic linear Fresnel lens, along the main receiver axis which is substantially perpendicular to the lateral axes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
59 words
A solar energy collector comprising cylindrical lens elements each arranged to focus solar energy along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the collector, a prismatic linear Fresnel lens arranged to focus incident solar energy along the longitudinal axis thereby forming discrete focal spots on the longitudinal axis, and energy receiving means located at said discrete focal spots.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
59 words
A solar energy collector comprising cylindrical lens elements each arranged to focus solar energy along a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the collector, a prismatic linear Fresnel lens arranged to focus incident solar energy along the longitudinal axis thereby forming discrete focal spots on the longitudinal axis, and energy receiving means located at said discrete focal spots.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
The lens system as set forth in claim 17 wherein said energy receiving means comprises a series of photovoltaic solar cells operable to convert the focussed sunlight into electricity.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-10-07 | 1989-04-08 | 1989-10-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-10-07 | 1993-04-08 | 1993-10-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-10-07 | 1997-04-08 | 1997-10-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |