Silylated vinyl alcohol polymers

Claim 2

Polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R.sub.H (Y.sup.2 --CH(OSi[R.sup.1 ].sub.3)CH.sub.2 --.sub.n CHO).sub.x ( 1) wherein: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical of valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; x is an integer and is at least 1; n is an integer and is at least 5; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from ##STR19## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , and each of a and b, independently, is 0, 1 or 2; Y is 0 or 1; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; and each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl.

Claim 3

Polymer of claim 1 wherein each R 1 is alkyl and the total number of carbon atoms in all of the R 1 groups is at least six.

Claim 4

Polymer of claim 2 wherein at least one R 1 group is branched alkyl.

Claim 5

Polymer of claim 3 wherein one R 1 group is t-butyl and two R 1 groups are CH 3 .

Claim 6

Polymer of claim 2 wherein at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 7

Polymer of claim 5 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 8

Polymer of claim 2 wherein each R 4 is H.

Claim 9

Polymer of claim 1 wherein x is 1 to 10.

Claim 10

Polymer of claim 8 wherein x is 1.

Claim 11

Polymer of claim 1 wherein Y 3 is --CH(L 1 )--, --C(O)--, --R 2 --, or a connecting bond.

Claim 12

Polymer of claim 1 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 13

Polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R.sub.H (Y.sup.2 --CH(OSi[R.sup.1 ].sub.3)CH.sub.2 --.sub.n CH(OSi[R.sup.1 ].sub.3 Q.sup.2 R.sub.p).sub.x wherein: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical of valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; x is an integer and is at least 1; n is an integer and is at least 5; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is selected from a connecting bond and a divalent radical selected from ##STR20## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , and each of a and b, indepedently, is 0, 1 or 2; y is 0 or 1; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; Q 2 is a keto or cyano group-containing divalent radical selected from ##STR21## and mixtures thereof; R p is H, C 1-4 alkyl, or a methacrylic and/or acrylic polymer radical; X is --CN, --CH═CHC(O)X' or --C(O)X'; Y is --H, --CH 3 , --CN or --CO 2 R, provided, however, when X is CH═CHC(O)X', Y is --H or --CH 3 ; X' is --OSI(R 1 ) 3 , --R, --OR or --NR'R"; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; R is C 1-20 alkyl, alkenyl or alkadienyl; C 6-20 cycloalkyl aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl; any of said groups optionally containing one or more ether oxygen atoms within aliphatic segments thereof; and any of all the aforesaid groups optionally containing one or more functional substituents that are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; and each of R' and R" is independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl.

Claim 14

Polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R.sub.H (Y.sup.2 --CH(OSi[R.sup.1 ].sub.3)CH.sub.2 --.sub.n CH(OSi[R.sup.1 ].sub.3 Q.sup.2 R.sub.p).sub.x wherein: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical of valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; x is an integer and is at least 1; n is an integer and is at least 5; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is selected from a connecting bond and a divalent radical selected from ##STR20## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , and each of a and b, indepedently, is 0, 1 or 2; y is 0 or 1; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; Q 2 is a keto or cyano group-containing divalent radical selected from ##STR21## and mixtures thereof; R p is H, C 1-4 alkyl, or a methacrylic and/or acrylic polymer radical; X is --CN, --CH═CHC(O)X' or --C(O)X'; Y is --H, --CH 3 , --CN or --CO 2 R, provided, however, when X is CH═CHC(O)X', Y is --H or --CH 3 ; X' is --OSI(R 1 ) 3 , --R, --OR or --NR'R"; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; R is C 1-20 alkyl, alkenyl or alkadienyl; C 6-20 cycloalkyl aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl; any of said groups optionally containing one or more ether oxygen atoms within aliphatic segments thereof; and any of all the aforesaid groups optionally containing one or more functional substituents that are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; and each of R' and R" is independently selected from C 1-4 alkyl.

Claim 15

Polymer of claim 12 wherein each R 1 is alkyl and the total number of carbon atoms in all of the R 1 groups is at least six.

Claim 16

Polymer of claim 13, wherein at least one R 1 group is branched alkyl.

Claim 17

Polymer of claim 14 wherein one R 1 group is t-butyl and two R 1 groups are CH 3 .

Claim 18

Polymer of claim 13 wherein at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 19

Polymer of claim 16 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 20

Polymer of claim 13 wherein each R 4 is H.

Claim 21

Polymer of claim 12 wherein x is 1 to 10.

Claim 22

Polymer of claim 19 wherein x is 1.

Claim 23

Polymer of claim 12 wherein Y 3 is --CH(L 1 )--, --C(O)--, --R 2 -- or a connecting bond.

Claim 24

Polymer of claim 12 wherein R p is a polymeric radical of a methacrylic and/or acrylic living polymer.

Claim 25

Polymer of claim 22 wherein R p is a methacrylic polymeric radical.

Claim 26

Polymer of claim 12 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 27

Polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R H (Y 2 --CH(OSi[R 1 ] 3 )CH 2 -- n X 3 ) x wherein: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical of valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; x is an integer and is at least 1; n is an integer and is at least 5; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from ##STR22## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , each of a and b, independently is 0, 1 or 2; y is 0 or 1; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; and X 3 is --CH 2 OH, --CO 2 M or --Q 3 R p 1 wherein R p 1 is defined as for R H and Q 3 is a di- or trivalent radical selected from ##STR23## wherein M is H, an alkali metal or ammonium and G is the halometal portion of a Grignard reagent.

Claim 28

Polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R H (Y 2 --CH(OSi[R 1 ] 3 )CH 2 -- n X 3 ) x wherein: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical of valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; x is an integer and is at least 1; n is an integer and is at least 5; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from ##STR22## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , each of a and b, independently is 0, 1 or 2; y is 0 or 1; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; and X 3 is --CH 2 OH, --CO 2 M or --Q 3 R p 1 wherein R p 1 is defined as for R H and Q 3 is a di- or trivalent radical selected from ##STR23## wherein M is H, an alkali metal or ammonium and G is the halometal portion of a Grignard reagent.

Claim 29

Polymer of claim 25 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 30

Polymer of claim 25 wherein at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 31

Polymer of claim 27 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 32

Polymer of claim 25 wherein each R 4 is H.

Claim 33

Process of preparing the polymer of claim 1, the process comprising contacting an ethenyloxysilane monomer, or mixture of such monomers, of the formula CH 2 ═CHOSi(R 1 ) 3 , under polymerizing conditions, with (i) an initiator which is an aldehyde of the formula R H (Y 2 CHO) x or a precursor compound thereof of the formual R H (Y 1 X 1 ) x ; and (ii) a catalyst which is a suitable Lewis acid or a source of bifluoride ion, wherein, in the formulas, R 1 , R H , Y 2 , and x are as defined in claim 1; Y 1 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from --C(O)--, --R 2 --, --CH[OSi(R 1 ) 3 ]--, --CH(OR 5 )-- and --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , wherein R 1 is as defined in claim 1, R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, and R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; X 1 is --OH, --Cl, --Br, --H, --R 5 , --OR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; and Y 1 and X 1 taken together is ##STR24## wherein R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, R 8 is a connecting bond or C 1-10 alkylene, and R 7 is C 1-10 alkyl or C 6-10 aryl, or R 8 and R 7 taken together is ##STR25## wherein each of a and b taken independently is 0, 1 or 2; with the provisos that: (i) when Y 1 is a connecting bond, X 1 is --OH; (ii) when Y 1 is --C(O)--, X 1 is --Cl, --Br, --H, or --R 5 ; (iii) when Y 1 is --R 2 --, X 1 is --Cl or --Br; and (iv) when Y 1 is --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , X 1 is O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖.

Claim 34

Process of claim 30 wherein each R 1 is alkyl and the total number of carbon atoms in all of the R 1 groups is at least six.

Claim 35

Process of claim 31 wherein at least one R 1 group is branched alkyl.

Claim 36

Process of claim 32 wherein one R 1 group is t-butyl and two R 1 groups are CH 3 .

Claim 37

Process of claim 31 wherein Y is 1 and at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 38

Process of claim 34 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 39

Process of claim 31 wherein y is 1 and each R 4 is H.

Claim 40

Process of claim 31 wherein y is 0.

Claim 41

Process of claim 30 wherein Y 3 is --CH(L 1 )--, --C(O)--, R 2 , or a connecting bond.

Claim 42

Process of claim 30 wherein x is 1 to 10.

Claim 43

Process of claim 39 wherein x is 1.

Claim 44

Process of claim 30 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 45

Process of claim 30 wherein the aldehyde initiator wherein y is 1 is produced in-situ by contacting an ethenyloxysilane of the formula C[R 4 ] 2 ═CHOSi[R 1 ] 3 , under polymerizing conditions, with the precursor compound wherein: each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; and R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl.

Claim 46

Process of preparing the polymer of claim 12 by reacting the polymer of the formula R H (Y 2 --CH(OSi[R 1 ] 3 )CH 2 -- n CHO) x wherein R H , Y 2 , R 1 , n and x are as defined in claim 12, in the presence of a suitable Lewis acid or a source of bifluoride, fluoride, difluorotrimethylsilicate, cyano, or azido ions, with the compound of the formula (R 1 ) 3 SiQ 1 R p wherein Q 1 is a divalent radical selected from ##STR26## and mixtures thereof, and R, R 1 , R p , X, Y and X' are as defined in claim 12.

Claim 47

Process of claim 43 wherein at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 48

Process of claim 44 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 49

Process of claim 43 wherein each R 4 is H.

Claim 50

Process of claim 43 wherein R p is a polymeric radical of a methacrylic and/or acrylic living polymer.

Claim 51

Process of claim 47 wherein R p is a methacrylic polymeric radical.

Claim 52

Process of claim 43 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 53

Process wherein the polymer consisting essentially of the polymer of the formula R H (Y 2 --CH(OSi[R 1 ] 3 )CH 2 -- n CHO) x wherein R H , Y 2 , R 1 , n and x are as defined in claim 43 is reacted with an aldehyde-active reagent other than the compound of the formula (R 1 ) 3 SiQ 1 R p of claim 43.

Claim 54

Process of claim 50 wherein the aldehyde-active reagent is selected from an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, and an aldehyde-active compound of the formula R p 1 X 2 wherein R p 1 is as defined for R H ; and X 2 is a monovalent radical selected from --OH, --CN, --SO 3 M, --NH 2 , --ONH 2 , --NHNH 2 , --NHC(O)NH 2 , --NHC(NH)NH 2 , --NHNHC(O)NH 2 , and --G wherein G is the halometal portion of a Grignard reagent and M is H, an alkali metal or ammonium.

Claim 55

Process of claim 50 wherein at least one R 4 is H or alkyl.

Claim 56

Process of claim 52 wherein alkyl is methyl.

Claim 57

Process of claim 50 wherein each R 4 is H.

Claim 58

Process of claim 50 wherein R H is a nonpolymeric radical.

Claim 59

Process of polymerizing an ethenyloxysilane monomer, or mixture of such monomers, of the formula CH 2 ═CHOSi(R 1 ) 3 , by contacting the monomer or mixture of monomers under polymerizing conditions with (i) an initiator which is an aldehyde of the formula R H (Y 2 CHO) x or a precursor compound thereof of the formula R H (Y 1 X 1 ) x and (ii) a catalyst which is a suitable Lewis acid or a source of bifluoride ion, wherein, in the formulas: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical or valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from ##STR27## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , and each of a and b, independently, is 0, 1 or 2; Y 1 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from --C(O)--, --R 2 --, --CH[OSi(R 1 ) 3 ]--, --CH(OR 5 )-- and --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , wherein R 1 is as defined below, R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, and R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; X 1 is --OH, --Cl, --Br, --H, --R 5 , --OR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; Y 1 and X 1 taken together is ##STR28## wherein R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, R 8 is a a connecting bond or C 1-10 alkylene, and R 7 is C 1-10 alkyl or C 6-10 aryl, or R 8 and R 7 taken together is ##STR29## wherein each of a and b taken independently is 0, 1 or 2; with the provisos that: (i) when Y 1 is a connecting bond, X 1 is --OH; (ii) when Y 1 is --C(O)--, X 1 is --Cl, --Br, --H, or --R 5 ; (iii) when Y 1 is --R 2 --, X 1 is --Cl or --Br; and (iv) when Y 1 is --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , X 1 is O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖ ; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; x is an integer and is at least 1; and y is 0 or 1.

Claim 60

Process of polymerizing an ethenyloxysilane monomer, or mixture of such monomers, of the formula CH 2 ═CHOSi(R 1 ) 3 , by contacting the monomer or mixture of monomers under polymerizing conditions with (i) an initiator which is an aldehyde of the formula R H (Y 2 CHO) x or a precursor compound thereof of the formula R H (Y 1 X 1 ) x and (ii) a catalyst which is a suitable Lewis acid or a source of bifluoride ion, wherein, in the formulas: R H is H or a hydrocarbyl radical or valence x which is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkaryl or aralkyl, containing up to 20 carbon atoms, or a polymeric radical containing at least 20 carbon atoms, and which, optionally, contains ether oxygen and/or one or more functional substituents which are unreactive under its preparative polymerizing conditions; Y 2 is Y 3 (C[R 4 ] 2 ) y ; Y 3 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from ##STR27## wherein R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, L 1 is --OR 5 , --OR 6 OSi[R 1 ] 3 or --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl and R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, L 2 is --OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 3 is --(CH 2 ) b --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , L 4 is --C(O)OSi[R 1 ] 3 , and each of a and b, independently, is 0, 1 or 2; Y 1 is a connecting bond or a divalent radical selected from --C(O)--, --R 2 --, --CH[OSi(R 1 ) 3 ]--, --CH(OR 5 )-- and --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , wherein R 1 is as defined below, R 2 is C 1-10 alkylene or C 7-20 aralkylene, R 3 is C 1-4 alkyl, and R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; X 1 is --OH, --Cl, --Br, --H, --R 5 , --OR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖, wherein R 5 is C 1-4 alkyl; Y 1 and X 1 taken together is ##STR28## wherein R 6 is C 1-4 alkylene, R 8 is a a connecting bond or C 1-10 alkylene, and R 7 is C 1-10 alkyl or C 6-10 aryl, or R 8 and R 7 taken together is ##STR29## wherein each of a and b taken independently is 0, 1 or 2; with the provisos that: (i) when Y 1 is a connecting bond, X 1 is --OH; (ii) when Y 1 is --C(O)--, X 1 is --Cl, --Br, --H, or --R 5 ; (iii) when Y 1 is --R 2 --, X 1 is --Cl or --Br; and (iv) when Y 1 is --N.sup.⊕ (R 3 )═CH 2 , X 1 is O.sup.⊖ R 5 , O.sup.⊖ COR 5 , Cl.sup.⊖, Br.sup.⊖, I.sup.⊖, or CH 3 C 6 H 4 SO 3 .sup.⊖ ; each R 1 is independently selected from C 1-10 alkyl, alkenyl having 2 or 4-10 carbon atoms, and C 6-10 aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl; each R 4 is independently selected from H, C 1-10 alkyl and C 6-10 aryl, aralkyl and alkaryl; x is an integer and is at least 1; and y is 0 or 1.

Claim 61

Polymer prepared by the process of claim 56.

Claim 62

Polymer prepared by hydrolyzing the polymer of claim 1.

Claim 63

Polymer prepared by hydrolyzing the polymer of claim 12.

Claim 64

Polymer prepared by hydrolyzing the polymer of claim 25.

Claim 65

Polymer prepared by hydrolyzing the polymer of claim 57.