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US4543313A
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Toner compositions containing thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers
Assignee: Xerox Corp
•
Filing: 1984-08-02
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Granted: 1985-09-24
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Expires: 2004-08-02
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed are improved toner compositions comprised of resin particles selected from the group consisting of thermotropic liquid crystalline polycarbonates, copolycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, and copolyesters, and pigment particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Hadi-Khan Mahabadi
- 👤 Lupu Alexandru
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 06:37
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08742; G03G9/08757; G03G9/08755; G03G9/08764; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08795
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
26 words
An improved toner composition comprised of resin particles selected from the group consisting of thermotropic liquid crystalline polycarbonates, copolycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, and copolyesters, and pigment particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
26 words
An improved toner composition comprised of resin particles selected from the group consisting of thermotropic liquid crystalline polycarbonates, copolycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, and copolyesters, and pigment particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
An improved toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein there is further included therein charge enhancing compounds.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a thermotropic liquid crystalline polycarbonate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolycarbonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a thermotropic liquid crystalline polyurethane.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a thermotropic liquiid crystalline polyester.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
17 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resin is a thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
63 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the polycarbonate is of the formula ##STR18## where (Ar) 1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR19## R is selected from the group consisting of (CH.sub.2).sub.n, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- with n being a number of from about 4 to about 12, and x represents the degree of polymerization.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
77 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein thermotropic liquid crystalline copolycarbonate is ##STR20## where (Ar) 1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR21## R is selected from the group consisting of (CH.sub.2).sub.n, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- and (Ar) 2 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR22## with n being a number of from about 4 to 12, and x and y represent the fraction of the two repeating units.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
62 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polyurethane is ##STR23## where (Ar) 1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR24## R is selected from the group consisting of (CH.sub.2).sub.n, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, n is a number of from about 4 to about 12, and x represents the degree of polymerization.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
63 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester is ##STR25## where (Ar) 1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR26## and R is selected from the group consisting of (CH.sub.2).sub.n, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, n is a number of from about 4 to about 12, and x represents the degree of polymerization.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
77 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyester is ##STR27## where (Ar) 1 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR28## R is selected from the group consisting of (CH.sub.2).sub.n, --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, and --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --, (Ar) 2 is selected from the group consisting of ##STR29## with n being a number of from about 4 to 12, and x and y represent the fraction of the two repeating units.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline polycarbonate results from the condensation reaction of p,p' biphenol and aliphatic bischloroformates.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the liquid crystalline copolycarbonate results from the condensation reaction of p,p' biphenol, hydroquinone, methylhydroquinone, resorcinol, resorcinol A and aliphatic bischloroformates.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the resulting toner composition has a melting temperature of from about 120° C. to about 200° C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
46 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the melt viscosity of the resulting toner composition decreases from about 10 4 poise to about 10 poise at clearing temperature of the toner particles, this clearing point being from about 120° C. to about 200° C.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 1 wherein the melt viscosity of the toner resin at clearing temperature is from about 10 poise to about 100 poise.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A developer composition comprised of the toner composition of claim 1 and carrier particles.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
A developer composition in accordance with claim 18 wherein the carrier particles consist of a steel core coated with a polymeric resinous material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
44 words
A method for developing latent images which comprises forming an electrostatic latent image on a photoconductive imaging member, contacting the image with the toner composition of claim 1, followed by transferring the image to a suitable substrate, and optionally permanently affixing the image thereto.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 20 wherein the image is fixed at a fusing energy from about 0.65 J/cm 2 to about 0.8 J/cm 2 .
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 20 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer is a copolycarbonate.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 20 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer is a polyurethane.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method of imaging in accordance with claim 20 wherein the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer is a polyester.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 8 wherein x is a number of from about 5 to about 1,000.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 9 wherein x and y are numbers of from about 5 to about 1,000.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 10 wherein x and y are numbers of from about 5 to about 1,000.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
A toner composition in accordance with claim 11 wherein x and y are numbers of from about 5 to about 1,000.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-09-23 | 1989-03-25 | 1989-09-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-09-23 | 1993-03-25 | 1993-09-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-09-23 | 1997-03-25 | 1997-09-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |