US4510238A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Photographic material and a process for its manufacture
Assignee: Novartis AG
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Filing: 1983-03-02
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Granted: 1985-04-09
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Expires: 2003-03-02
Abstract
Abstract Photographic material containing on a support at least one silver halide emulsion layer which contains as binders both gelatin and a polymer latex, wherein the particle size is less than 0.05 μm, and which is obtained by emulsion polymerizing a monomer or monomer mixture which consists of an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate or a monomer mixture comprising both an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate or a mixture comprising an alkyl acrylate and/or an alkyl methacrylate together with up to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable acid and/or up to 30% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers in the presence of at least 12% by weight of the monomers present of an anionic surfactant at a temperature of from 15° C. to 90° C. by use of a redox initiator system which is present to the extent of from 0.1% to 3% by weight of the monomers present. The latexes are of use to partially replace gelatin in photographic materials. These latex/gelatin binders are suitable for highspeed coating and drying processes and confer to the photographic materials an increased dimensional stability.
Inventors
- 👤 Samuel B. Kingston
- 👤 Graham Evans
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 10:08
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03C; G03C1/00; G03C1/005; G03C1/04; G03C1/053
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
205 words
Photographic material which comprises on a support at least one aqueous gelatino silver halide emulsion layer, the binder of which essentially consists of gelatin and of from 20 to 60% by weight of the binder material of the final dried silver halide emulsion layer of a polymer latex containing particles of a particle size of less than 0.05 microns, the polymer latex being obtained by emulsion polymerising of (a) a monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate or (b) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of both an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate or (c) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of an alkyl acrylate and/or an alkyl methacrylate together with up to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerisable acid and/or up to 30% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers in the presence of at least 12% by weight of the monomers present of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a sulphosuccinate or a sulphated or sulphonated polyethylene oxide compound at a temperature of from 15° to 90° C. by use of a redox initiator system which is present to the extent of from 0.1 to 3% by weight of the monomers present.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
205 words
Photographic material which comprises on a support at least one aqueous gelatino silver halide emulsion layer, the binder of which essentially consists of gelatin and of from 20 to 60% by weight of the binder material of the final dried silver halide emulsion layer of a polymer latex containing particles of a particle size of less than 0.05 microns, the polymer latex being obtained by emulsion polymerising of (a) a monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate or (b) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of both an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate or (c) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of an alkyl acrylate and/or an alkyl methacrylate together with up to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerisable acid and/or up to 30% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers in the presence of at least 12% by weight of the monomers present of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a sulphosuccinate or a sulphated or sulphonated polyethylene oxide compound at a temperature of from 15° to 90° C. by use of a redox initiator system which is present to the extent of from 0.1 to 3% by weight of the monomers present.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
A material according to claim 1, wherein the latex is partially cross-linked.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
A material according to claim 1, where the glass transition temperatur of the polymer of the polymer latex is less than about 20° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A material according to claim 1, wherein the latex copolymer comprises about 30% by weight of the binder material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
222 words
A process for the manufacture of the photographic material according to claim 1 which comprises coating onto a support at least one aqueous gelatino silver halide emulsion layer, the binder of which essentially consists of both gelatin and of from 20 to 60% by weight of the binder material of the final dried silver halide emulsion layer of a polymer latex wherein the particle size is less than 0.05 microns, the polymer latex being prepared by emulsion polymerising of (a) a monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate or an alkyl methacrylate or (b) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of both an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate or (c) a monomer mixture essentially consisting of an alkyl acrylate and/or or an alkyl methacrylate together with up to 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated copolymerisable acid and/or up to 30% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated comonomers in the presence of at least 12% by weight of the monomers present of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of a sulphosuccinate or a sulphated or sulphonated polyethylene oxide compound at a temperature of from 15° to 90° C. by use of a redox initiator system which is present to the extent of from 0.1 to 3% by weight of the monomer present, and drying the coated layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the temperatur range for the polymerisation reaction is from 60° to 70° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the amount of surfactant present during the polymerisation reaction is at least 12% by weight of the monomers present.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 7, wherein the amount of surfactant present during the polymerisation reaction is from 15 to 20% by weight of the monomers present.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 7, wherein the anionic surfactant is a sulphosuccinate compound.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 7, wherein the anionic surfactant is a sulphated or sulphonated polyethylene oxide compound.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer is methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or butyl acrylate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated copolymerisable acid is acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the ethylenically unsaturated comonomer is styrene, acrylonitril, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate or butyl acrylate, optionally with a minor amount of methyl methacrylate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the latex is partially cross-linked by a cross-linking agent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 5, wherein the redox initiator system is a sodium or potassium persulphate/sodium metabisulphite system.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-04-08 | 1988-10-08 | 1989-04-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-04-08 | 1992-10-08 | 1993-04-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-04-08 | 1996-10-08 | 1997-04-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |