Patent US2562101A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4506684A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Modified cellulosic smoking material and method for its preparation
Assignee: Philip Morris USA Inc
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Filing: 1980-09-22
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Granted: 1985-03-26
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Expires: 2000-09-22
Abstract
Abstract A process for producing a synthetic smoking material is disclosed. The process preferably comprises forming an aqueous slurry of cellulosic material, preferably in the form of loose and slightly beaten cellulose fibers, adding certain metal salts to the slurry, casting the same and thereafter drying, conditioning and slitting or cutting the resulting sheet to produce a low tar filler material. The water-soluble metal salts to be added are selected from the group consisting of calcium salts, magnesium salts, iron salts, and aluminum salts, and are preceded or followed by addition of ammonium or alkali metal salts capable of precipitating the cation of the said water-soluble salts.
Inventors
- 👤 Gus D. Keritsis
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 10:10
CPC Classifications
A; A24; A24B; A24B15/00; A24B15/10; A24B15/16
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
A process for fixing a water-soluble salt in a cellulosic material comprising: (a) providing an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material and a water-soluble salt effective to impregnate said cellulosic material; and (b) adding to said slurry an ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating a cation of said water-soluble salt, thereby fixing said cation in the cellulosic material.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
A process for fixing a water-soluble salt in a cellulosic material comprising: (a) providing an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material and a water-soluble salt effective to impregnate said cellulosic material; and (b) adding to said slurry an ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating a cation of said water-soluble salt, thereby fixing said cation in the cellulosic material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
83 words
A process for incorporating a water-soluble salt in a matrix of cellulosic material such that good penetration of the salt within the matrix is achieved comprising: (a) forming an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material; (b) adding to said slurry an ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating the cation of a selected water-soluble salt, and thereafter (c) adding the selected water-soluble salt to said slurry, whereby the cation of said water-soluble salt is fixed throughout the matrix of said cellulosic material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
83 words
A process for incorporating a water-soluble salt in a matrix of cellulosic material such that good penetration of the salt within the matrix is achieved comprising: (a) forming an aqueous slurry of the cellulosic material; (b) adding to said slurry an ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating the cation of a selected water-soluble salt, and thereafter (c) adding the selected water-soluble salt to said slurry, whereby the cation of said water-soluble salt is fixed throughout the matrix of said cellulosic material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 2 wherein said water-soluble salt includes a metal salt of an organic or inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of calcium salts, magnesium salts, iron salts, aluminum salts, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the said water-soluble salt includes a metal salt of an organic or inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of calcium salts, magnesium salts, iron salts, aluminum salts, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claims 4 or 3 wherein the metal salt is a calcium salt.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
61 words
The process of claims 4 or 3 wherein the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, methylvaleric acid, isovaleric acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid and malonic acid and its lower alkyl derivatives, and combinations thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claims 4 or 3 wherein the inorganic acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, carbonic acid, and combinations thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 wherein the cellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of alpha-cellulose, substituted cellulosic materials, and combinations thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the substituted cellulosic material is selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose and its salts, crosslinked CMC and its salts, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and combinations thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 4.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
57 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 which further includes the addition of from about 3 to 40% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of pectins and their Na, K, NH 4 , Ca or Mg salts, alginic acid and its Na, K, NH 4 , Ca or Mg salts, and combinations thereof.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
50 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 which further includes the addition of from about 3 to 40% by weight of a gum selected from the group consisting of guar gum, modified guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, starch, curdlan, gum arabic, salts of xanthanomonas gum, and combinations thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
59 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 which further includes the addition of from about 1 to 15% by weight of a sugar or humectant selected from the group consisting of sucrose, reducing sugars, glucosamine, honey, corn syrup, glycerine, triethylene glycol, diglycerol, diglycerol tetraacetate, esters of sugars with C 2 -C 8 carbon atom carboxylic acids, and combinations thereof.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
49 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 which further includes the addition of from about 5 to 80% by weight of a chitin-type material selected from the group consisting of chitin, oxidized chitin, chitosan and its salts, chitin hydrolyzates, chitosan hydrolyzates, glucosamine, ground-deproteinated shells of crustaceans, and combinations thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 14 in which the chitin-type material has been pyrolyzed to form a pyrolysate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claims 1 or 2 which further includes the addition of a heat-treated carbohydrate material selected from the group consisting of cellulose, starch, modified cellulosics, modified starches, gums, wood, plant parts, coffee hulls, peanut hulls, and combinations thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 16 wherein up to 80% by weight in the final product of heat-treated carbohydrate material is added.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the heat-treated carbohydrate material has been pyrolyzed to a weight loss of from 10 to 90%.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
60 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 which further includes the addition of from about 10 to 75% by weight of calcium carbonate having an average equivalent spherical diameter in the range of from about 10 to 300 microns, with no more than about 20% by weight of the calcium carbonate having an equivalent spherical diameter less than 2 microns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claims 4 or 9 wherein the metal salt is added in an amount of from 5 to 40% by weight, based on the cellulosic material.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
94 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating the cation of said water-soluble salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium metaphosphate, sodium metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, the ammonium, sodium, or potassium salts of pyrophosphoric acid, ammonium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, ammonium oxalate, sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate, ammonium malate, sodium malate, potassium malate, ammonium citrate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, ammonium tartrate, sodium tartrate, potassium tartrate, ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and combinations thereof.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
92 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the ammonium or alkali metal salt capable of precipitating the cation of said water-soluble salt is selected from the group consisting of ammonium phosphate, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium metaphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, the ammonium, sodium, or potassium salts of pyrophosphoric acid, ammonium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, ammonium oxalate, sodium oxalate, potassium oxalate, ammonium malate, sodium malate, potassium malate, ammonium citrate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, ammonium tartrate, sodium tartrate, potassium tartrate, ammonium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and combinations thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 3.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
9 words
The product produced by the process of claim 2.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-03-25 | 1988-09-24 | 1989-03-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-03-25 | 1992-09-24 | 1993-03-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-03-25 | 1996-09-24 | 1997-03-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |