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US4505960A
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Unitary shock-absorbing polymeric pad for artificial turf
Assignee: Southwest Recreational Industries Inc
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Filing: 1983-08-12
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Granted: 1985-03-19
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Expires: 2003-08-12
Abstract
Abstract Unitary, shock-absorbing polymeric pads having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance which are useful for recreational surfaces, for instance under artificial turf.
Inventors
- 👤 James W. Leffingwell
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 06:19
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J5/00; C08J5/18; B; B32; B32B; B32B25/00; B32B25/04; B32B25/08; A; A63; A63C; A63C19/00; A63C19/04; B32B25/042; B32B25/14; B32B27/00; B32B27/06; B32B27/08; B32B27/30; B32B27/304; B32B27/32; B32B5/00; B32B5/16; B32B5/18; B32B5/22; B32B5/32; B32B7/00; B32B7/02; B32B7/022; B32B2250/00; B32B2250/22; B32B2266/00; B32B2266/02; B32B2266/0214; B32B2266/0221; B32B2266/0235; B32B2266/025; B32B2307/00; B32B2307/50; B32B2307/56; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/23907; Y10T428/23979; Y10T428/24; Y10T428/24942; Y10T428/2495; Y10T428/24967; Y10T428/24992
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
79 words
A unitary, shock-absorbing polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 45 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 1.3 times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of said upper layer, wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than about 80.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
79 words
A unitary, shock-absorbing polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 45 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 1.3 times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of said upper layer, wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than about 80.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
The pad of claim 1 wherein said lower layer exhibits a 25 percent compression deflection at a load in the range of 1.5 to 3.0 times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of said upper layer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The pad of claim 2 wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than 70.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pad of claim 3 wherein said upper layer has a thickness from 3 millimeters to 12 millimeters.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The pad of claim 4 having an overall thickness of from 10 to 30 millimeters.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pad of claim 1 wherein the vertical asymmetry of compression resistance is generally uniformly progressive from a lower surface of said pad to an upper surface of said pad.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
55 words
The pad of claim 6 wherein a lower layer of less than about 50 percent of the pad thickness exhibits a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least two times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of an upper layer of less than about 50 percent of the pad thickness.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The pad of claim 1 wherein the vertical asymmetry of compression resistance is stepwise progressive in more than two layers from a lower layer of said pad to an upper layer of said pad.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
92 words
An artificial turf assembly comprising a layer of artificial turf on top of a unitary, shock-absorbing, polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance, said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 45 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 1.3 times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of said upper layer, wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than about 80.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
92 words
An artificial turf assembly comprising a layer of artificial turf on top of a unitary, shock-absorbing, polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance, said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 45 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 1.3 times the load required for 25 percent compression deflection of said upper layer, wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than about 80.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
125 words
A unitary shock-absorbing polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance wherein said pad has an upper layer exhibiting 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 65 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 7 kilopascal higher than the load required for the 25 percent compression deflection of the upper layer; wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is from 30 to 200, wherein said upper layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl chloride-nitrile rubber and a reconstituted rubber, and wherein said lower layer comprises a polymer which is the same as the top layer or polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
125 words
A unitary shock-absorbing polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance wherein said pad has an upper layer exhibiting 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 65 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 7 kilopascal higher than the load required for the 25 percent compression deflection of the upper layer; wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is from 30 to 200, wherein said upper layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl chloride-nitrile rubber and a reconstituted rubber, and wherein said lower layer comprises a polymer which is the same as the top layer or polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The pad of claim 10 wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is less than 80.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The pad of claim 11 wherein said pad has an overall thickness of from 10 to 30 millimeters.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pad of claim 10 wherein the vertical asymmetry of compression resistance is generally uniformly progressive from a lower surface of said pad to an upper surface of said pad.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
137 words
An artificial turf assembly comprising a layer of artificial turf bonded to a unitary, shock-absorbing, polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance, said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 65 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 7 kilopascal higher than the load required for the 25 percent compression deflection of the upper layer; wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is from 30 to 200; wherein said upper layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl chloride-nitrile rubber and a reconstituted rubber; and wherein said lower layer comprises a polymer which is the same as the upper layer or polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
137 words
An artificial turf assembly comprising a layer of artificial turf bonded to a unitary, shock-absorbing, polymeric pad having a vertically asymmetric compression resistance, said pad having an upper layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of less than 65 kilopascal and a lower layer exhibiting a 25 percent compression deflection at a load of at least 7 kilopascal higher than the load required for the 25 percent compression deflection of the upper layer; wherein said pad exhibits shock absorption such that the maximum value of G is from 30 to 200; wherein said upper layer comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, a polyvinyl chloride-nitrile rubber and a reconstituted rubber; and wherein said lower layer comprises a polymer which is the same as the upper layer or polyethylene or polypropylene.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
The artificial turf assembly of claim 14 exhibiting a maximum value of G of less than 100.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-03-18 | 1988-09-17 | 1989-03-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-03-18 | 1992-09-17 | 1993-03-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-03-18 | 1996-09-17 | 1997-03-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |