US4502926A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for electroplating metals using microemulsion additive compositions
Assignee: MacDermid Acumen Inc
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Filing: 1983-08-22
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Granted: 1985-03-05
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Expires: 2003-08-22
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed herein are novel compositions for use as additives to electroplating baths, comprising a stable microemulsion formed from a functional chemical electroplating agent, which preferably is a brightening agent, water and a surfactant component, the concentration of functional agent in the microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight, based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion.
Inventors
- 👤 Loren L. Barber, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 18:15
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising the steps of preparing a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a brightening agent and a surfactant component, the concentration of said brightening agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and adding the microemulsion concentrate to an electroplating bath in a small but effective amount to maintain said bath below its cloud point, said brightening agent being one which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and at the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
105 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising the steps of preparing a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a brightening agent and a surfactant component, the concentration of said brightening agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and adding the microemulsion concentrate to an electroplating bath in a small but effective amount to maintain said bath below its cloud point, said brightening agent being one which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and at the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
56 words
The method of metal electroplating according to claim 1 wherein said brightening agent is selected from the group consisting of o-chlorobenzaldehyde, anisaldehyde, veratraldehyde, benzilidene acetone, trichlorobenzene, orthotoluidine, naphthyl methyl ketone, heliotropine, vanillin, hydroquinone, coumarin and o-chloroaniline, and wherein said surfactant component comprises a combination of a long chain ethoxylated phenol and at least one additional surfactant.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein said additional surfactant is dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein said brightening agent is present in said microemulsion at a concentration of from about 3% to about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of components in the microemulsion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method according to claim 4 wherein said brightening agent is o-chlorobenzaldehyde.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising adding to an electroplating bath an effective amount of a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a brightening agent which is substantially water-in-soluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed, and a surfactant component, the concentration of said brightening agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and thereafter electroplating a substrate in said electroplating bath.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
90 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising adding to an electroplating bath an effective amount of a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a brightening agent which is substantially water-in-soluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed, and a surfactant component, the concentration of said brightening agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and thereafter electroplating a substrate in said electroplating bath.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
124 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising the steps of preparing a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a functional chemical electroplating agent and a surfactant component, the concentration of said functional chemical electroplating agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and adding the microemulsion concentrate to an electroplating bath in a small but effective amount to confer the properties of said functional chemical electroplating agent to said bath while maintaining said bath below its cloud point, said functional chemical electroplating agent being one which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and at the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
124 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising the steps of preparing a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a functional chemical electroplating agent and a surfactant component, the concentration of said functional chemical electroplating agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and adding the microemulsion concentrate to an electroplating bath in a small but effective amount to confer the properties of said functional chemical electroplating agent to said bath while maintaining said bath below its cloud point, said functional chemical electroplating agent being one which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and at the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising adding to an electroplating bath an effective amount of a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a functional chemical electroplating agent which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed, and a surfactant component, the concentration of said functional chemical electroplating agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and thereafter electroplating a substrate in said electroplating bath.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of metal electroplating comprising adding to an electroplating bath an effective amount of a microemulsion concentrate comprising a stable microemulsion comprised of water, a functional chemical electroplating agent which is substantially water-insoluble both at the temperatures and concentrations of said electroplating bath and the conditions under which said microemulsion is formed, and a surfactant component, the concentration of said functional chemical electroplating agent in said microemulsion being at least about 1% by weight based on the total weight of components of the microemulsion, and thereafter electroplating a substrate in said electroplating bath.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-03-04 | 1988-09-03 | 1989-03-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-03-04 | 1992-09-03 | 1993-03-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-03-04 | 1996-09-03 | 1997-03-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |