US4061547A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Acidic plating bath and additives for electrodeposition of bright tin
Assignee: Columbia Chemical Corp
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Filing: 1976-07-21
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Granted: 1977-12-06
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Expires: 1996-07-21
Abstract
Abstract An aqueous acid tin electroplating bath contains as a brightening agent compounds having the formula: ##STR1## where O is oxygen and A is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy alkyl, polyalkoxy, and 3-sulfopropyl, certain emulsifying agents and certain synergistically acting carboxylic acids, amides and esters to give extremely bright electrodeposits.
Inventors
- 👤 William E. Rosenberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 20:07
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/30; C25D3/32
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
145 words
A primary tin plating brightening additive, comprising: a substituted naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##STR7## where O is oxygen and where A is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy alkyl, polyalkoxy and 3-sulfopropyl, said alkyl containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, said polyalkoxy containing from 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the repeating unit wherein the number of repeating units ranges from 2 to about 40 per molecule, and said 3-sulfopropyl compound having the formula --CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 Z where Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, Group 1A, and Group 2A of the Periodic Table, including from 1 to about 97 percent of at least one alpha unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, amides, and esters for producing bright electrodeposits of tin from an aqueous acid plating bath.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
145 words
A primary tin plating brightening additive, comprising: a substituted naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##STR7## where O is oxygen and where A is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy alkyl, polyalkoxy and 3-sulfopropyl, said alkyl containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, said polyalkoxy containing from 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the repeating unit wherein the number of repeating units ranges from 2 to about 40 per molecule, and said 3-sulfopropyl compound having the formula --CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 Z where Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, Group 1A, and Group 2A of the Periodic Table, including from 1 to about 97 percent of at least one alpha unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids, amides, and esters for producing bright electrodeposits of tin from an aqueous acid plating bath.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
44 words
The additive of claim 1, wherein said hydroxy alkyl group contains 2 or 3 carbon atoms and including from about 1 to about 96 percent of at least one emulsifying agent selected from the group consisting of nonionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric emulsifying agents.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The additive of claim 2, wherein said emulsifying agent is a nonionic emulsifying agent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
128 words
An aqueous, acid tin electroplating bath containing stannous ions and sulfuric acid, comprising: having dissolved therein as a brightener compound about 0.01 to about 0.2 grams/liter of a substituted naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##STR8## where O is oxygen and where A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy alkyl, polyalkoxy and 3-6 sulfopropyl, said alkyl having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, said polyalkoxy containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the repeating unit wherein the number of repeating units ranges from 2 to about 40 per molecule, and said 3-sulfopropyl compound having the formula --CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 Z where Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, Group 1A, and Group 2A of the Periodic Table.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
128 words
An aqueous, acid tin electroplating bath containing stannous ions and sulfuric acid, comprising: having dissolved therein as a brightener compound about 0.01 to about 0.2 grams/liter of a substituted naphthalene carboxaldehyde of the following general formula: ##STR8## where O is oxygen and where A is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy alkyl, polyalkoxy and 3-6 sulfopropyl, said alkyl having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms, said polyalkoxy containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms in the repeating unit wherein the number of repeating units ranges from 2 to about 40 per molecule, and said 3-sulfopropyl compound having the formula --CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 SO 3 Z where Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, Group 1A, and Group 2A of the Periodic Table.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
35 words
The bath of claim 4, wherein said hydroxy alkyl group contains 2 or 3 carbon atoms, including from 2 to about 40 grams/liter of an emulsifying agent so that said substituted naphthalene carboxyaldehyde is solubilized.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The bath of claim 5, having dissolved therein about 0.02 to about 5 grams/liter of at least one alpha unsaturated compound selected from the class consisting of carboxylic acids, amides and esters.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
32 words
The bath of claim 6, wherein said alpha unsaturated compounds are selected from the group consisting of cinnamic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein said emulsifying agent is a nonionic emulsifying agent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein said emulsifying agent is selected from the group consisting of nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric emulsifying agents.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
28 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein said emulsifying agent is an alkyl phenol condensed with about 10 to 40 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein the substituting group on said naphthalene carboxaldehyde is ortho or para to the carboxaldehyde group.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 11, wherein said carboxaldehyde group is in the one position on the naphthalene ring.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The bath of claim 11, wherein said carboxaldehyde group is in the two position of the naphthalene ring.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
9 words
The bath of claim 11, wherein A is hydrogen.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
10 words
The bath of claim 11, where A is 2-hydroxy ethyl.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
10 words
The bath of claim 11, where A is 2-hydroxy propyl.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The bath of claim 11, where A is 3-sulfonate propyl wherein Z is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen, sodium and potassium.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein the amount of said substituted carboxaldehyde ranges from about 0.01 to about 0.05 grams/liter.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein the amount of alpha unsaturated compound ranges from about 0.02 to about 2.0 grams/liter.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein the amount of the stannous ions ranges from about 10 to about 100 grams/liter.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The bath of claim 7, wherein the amount of the sulfuric acid ranges from about 20 to about 260 grams/liter.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3956123A
Cited
US3977949A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-12-05 | 1981-06-06 | 1981-12-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-12-05 | 1985-06-06 | 1985-12-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-12-05 | 1989-06-06 | 1989-12-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |