Water-reducible epoxy coating compositions

Claim 2

A kit for forming a coating comprising (a) a first container modified polyamine resin, the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, and (b) a second container containing (i) epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin and (ii) sufficient nitroparaffin so that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating, water in an amount of at least 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin can be added to the coating composition, both containers containing substantially no emulsifier, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each X is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 .

Claim 3

A kit for forming a coating comprising (A) a first container containing modified polyamine resin, the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, the modified polyamine resin being a polyamide-epoxy adduct formed by reacting a poly-amino-imidazoline and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, and (B) a second container containing (i) epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin and (ii) sufficient nitroparaffin that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating, water in an amount of at least 50% by weight of the polyamide resin can be added to the coating composition, both contaminants containing substantially no emulsifier, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each X is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 .

Claim 4

A kit for forming a coating comprising (A) a first container containing modified polyamine resin, the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, the modified polyamine resin being a polyamide-epoxy adduct formed by reacting a poly-amino-imidazoline and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, and (B) a second container containing (i) epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin and (ii) sufficient nitroparaffin that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating, water in an amount of at least 50% by weight of the polyamide resin can be added to the coating composition, both contaminants containing substantially no emulsifier, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each X is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 .

Claim 5

The kit of claim 1 or 2 in which the nitroparaffin is selected from the group consisting of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, 2-nitropropane, 1-nitrobutane, 2-nitrobutane, and combinations thereof.

Claim 6

The kit of claim 3 in which the nitroparaffin is 2-nitropropane.

Claim 7

The kit of claim 1 or 2 in which the nitroparaffin is nitroethane.

Claim 8

The kit of claim 1 or 2 in which the modified polyamine resin is inherently incapable of being homogeneously reduced by water.

Claim 9

The kit of claim 1 or 2 wherein when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions, the combination contains nitroparaffin in an amount of from about 2 to about 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin.

Claim 10

The kit of claim 1 or 2 wherein when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions, the combination contains nitroparaffin in an amount of from about 15 to about 25% by weight of the modified polyamine resin.

Claim 11

The kit of claim 1 or 2 in which the modified polyamine resin has an amine value of less than about 400.

Claim 12

The kit of claim 1 or 2 wherein the second container contains organic solvent for the epoxy resin.

Claim 13

The kit of claim 1 or 2 wherein the first container contains organic solvent for the modified polyamine resin.

Claim 14

A kit for forming a coating comprising (a) a first container containing (i) modified polyamine resin and (ii) nitroparaffin in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 , the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, and (b) a second container containing epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin, both containers containing substantially no emulsifier.

Claim 15

A kit for forming a coating comprising (a) a first container containing (i) modified polyamine resin and (ii) nitroparaffin in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 , the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, and (b) a second container containing epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin, both containers containing substantially no emulsifier.

Claim 16

A kit for forming a coating comprising (A) a first container containing (i) modified poly-amine resin, the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, the modified polyamine resin being a polyamide-epoxy adduct formed by reacting a poly-amino-imidazoline and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, and (ii) nitroparaffin in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each X is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 , and (B) a second container containing epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin, both containers containing substantially no emulsifier.

Claim 17

A kit for forming a coating comprising (A) a first container containing (i) modified poly-amine resin, the modified polyamine resin being inherently insoluble and non-dispersible in water, the modified polyamine resin being a polyamide-epoxy adduct formed by reacting a poly-amino-imidazoline and diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, and (ii) nitroparaffin in an amount of at least 2% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, the nitroparaffin having the formula C n X 2n+2 where n is an integer from 1 to 4 and each X is independently selected from the group consisting of chlorine, hydrogen, and NO 2 , where at least one but no more than two X's are NO 2 , and (B) a second container containing epoxy resin curable by the modified polyamine resin, both containers containing substantially no emulsifier.

Claim 18

A method for forming a coating on a substrate comprising the steps of (a) combining contents of the first container of the kit of claim 1, contents of the second container of the kit of claim 1 in such an amount that the epoxy resin can be cured, and water in an amount at least equal to 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, and (b) applying the combination to the substrate.

Claim 19

A method for forming a coating on a substrate comprising steps of (a) combining contents of the first container of the kit of claim 2, contents of the second container of the kit of claim 50 in such amounts that the epoxy resin can be cured, and water in an amount at least equal to 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, and (b) applying the combination to the substrate.

Claim 20

The method of claim 14, or 15 in which the step of combining comprises mixing contents of the first container with contents of the second container and adding water to the mixture.

Claim 21

The method of claim 14, or 15 in which the step of combining comprises mixing water with contents of the second container and adding contents of the first container to the mixture.

Claim 22

A method for coating a substrate comprising the steps of mixing contents of the first container of the kit of claim 12 with water in an amount of at least about 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin and combining the mixture with contents of the second container of the kit of claim 12 in about stoichiometric proportions.

Claim 23

A method for coating a substrate comprising the steps of mixing contents of the first container of the kit of claim 13 with water in an amount of at least about 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin and combining the mixture with contents of the second container of the kit of claim 13 in about stoichiometric proportions.

Claim 24

The kit of claim 1 wherein the volatile organic content of each container is sufficiently low that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating composition, the coating composition has a volatile organic content of no more than 450 grams per liter.

Claim 25

The kit of claim 2 wherein the volatile organic content of each container is sufficiently low that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating composition, the coating composition has a volatile organic content of no more than 450 grams per liter.

Claim 26

The kit of claim 12 wherein the volatile organic content of each container is sufficiently low that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating composition, the coating composition has a volatile organic content of no more than 450 grams per liter.

Claim 27

The kit of claim 13 wherein the volatile organic content of each container is sufficiently low that when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions to form a coating composition, the coating composition has a volatile organic content of no more than 450 grams per liter.

Claim 28

The kit of claim 1 or 12 wherein the modified polyamine resin is selected from the group consisting of (a) polyamine-epoxy adducts, (b) polyamides resulting from the reaction of polyamines and carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of monocarboxylic acids, poly-carboxylic acids, and combinations thereof where less than about 75% by weight of the carboxylic acids reacted with the polyamines are dicarboxylic acids having 10 or less carbon atoms, (c) polyamide-epoxy adducts, and (d) combinations thereof.

Claim 29

The kit of claim 1 or 12 wherein both containers contain substantially no emulsifier.

Claim 30

The kit of claim 12 or 13 in which the nitroparaffin is nitroethane.

Claim 31

The kit of claim 12 or 13 wherein when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions, the combination contains nitroparaffin in an amount of from about 2 to about 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin.

Claim 32

The kit of claim 12 or 13 wherein when the contents of the two containers are combined in about stoichiometric proportions, the combination contains nitroparaffin in an amount of from about 15 to about 25% by weight of the modified polyamine resin.

Claim 33

The kit of claim 12 or 13 in which the modified polyamine resin has an amine value of less than about 400.

Claim 34

A method for forming a coating on a substrate comprising the steps of (a) selecting the kit of claim 20, 21 or 23, (b) combining contents of the first container of the selected kit, contents of the second container of the selected kit in such amounts that the epoxy resin can be cured, and water in an amount at least equal to 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, and (c) applying the combination to the substrate.

Claim 35

A method for coating a substrate comprising the steps of (a) selecting the kit of claim 12 or 13, (b) mixing contents of the first container of the selected kit with water in an amount of at least about 50% by weight of the modified polyamine resin, and (c) combining the mixture formed in step (b) with contents of the second container of the selected kit in about stoichiometric properties, and (d) applying the combination formed in step (c) to the substrate.

Claim 36

The coated substrate prepared by the method of claim 14, 15, 18 or 19.