US4501775A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method for reducing the strength of ice
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
•
Filing: 1980-04-14
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Granted: 1985-02-26
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Expires: 2000-04-14
Abstract
Abstract The strength of ice is reduced by dissolving in water prior to freezing a composition of (A) a water-soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkylether thereof and (B) a water-soluble organic nonvolatile compound having a hydrophilic group such as amine, carboxyl or carboxylate groups in an amount to provide an effective amount, e.g., on the order of about 0.25-5 weight percent, of (A) plus (B) based on the weight of water. The method is especially useful for application to particulate solids, such as coal and mineral ores, which are shipped and stored in masses exposed to freezing temperatures. Any ice that is formed is physically weak and will not deter the unloading of the thusly conditioned particulate solids.
Inventors
- 👤 Christ F. Parks
- 👤 Kenneth H. Nimerick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 21:16
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L9/00; C10L9/10; F; F25; F25C; F25C1/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 33
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for reducing the strength of ice where (1) an effective amount of a strength reducing composition is dissolved in the water prior to freezing, said composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising (A) an alkylene glycol or monoalkyl ether thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said compound (B) being different from said compound (A) and being selected from the group of nonpolymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion inducing metal halide salts, and (2) the solution so formed is thereafter exposed to a temperature sufficiently low to freeze same.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for reducing the strength of ice where (1) an effective amount of a strength reducing composition is dissolved in the water prior to freezing, said composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising (A) an alkylene glycol or monoalkyl ether thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said compound (B) being different from said compound (A) and being selected from the group of nonpolymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion inducing metal halide salts, and (2) the solution so formed is thereafter exposed to a temperature sufficiently low to freeze same.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols and Component (B) is sodium acetate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1 wherein Component (A) is selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols and Component (B) is glacial acetic acid.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for reducing the strength of ice wherein (1) an effective amount of a strength reducing composition is dissolved in the water prior to freezing, said composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising: (A) an alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether; (B) polyacrylamide with at least 10 percent hydrolysis, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion inducing metal halide salts wherein the weight ratio of Component (B) to Component (A) is from about 0.001:1 to about 2:1, and (2) the solution so formed is thereafter exposed to a temperature sufficiently low to freeze same.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
95 words
A method for reducing the strength of ice wherein (1) an effective amount of a strength reducing composition is dissolved in the water prior to freezing, said composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising: (A) an alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether; (B) polyacrylamide with at least 10 percent hydrolysis, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion inducing metal halide salts wherein the weight ratio of Component (B) to Component (A) is from about 0.001:1 to about 2:1, and (2) the solution so formed is thereafter exposed to a temperature sufficiently low to freeze same.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1 or 4 wherein Components A and B are dissolved in the water in a combined amount of at least about 0.5 percent by weight of the water.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of Component B to Component A is from about 0.001:1 to about 2:1.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said nonvolatile compound is selected from monocarboxylic acids and their salts.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said nonvolatile compound is selected from monocarboxylic acids and their sodium and potassium salts.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 7 or 8 wherein Component A is selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
108 words
A method for treating particulate solids having surface moisture to reduce the cohesive strength of masses of such solids when frozen, said method consisting of contacting such solids with an effective amount of a fluid composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising (A) a water soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkyl ethr thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said compound (B) being different from said compound (A) and being selected from the group of nonpolymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion-inducing metal halide salts.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
108 words
A method for treating particulate solids having surface moisture to reduce the cohesive strength of masses of such solids when frozen, said method consisting of contacting such solids with an effective amount of a fluid composition consisting essentially of water soluble components comprising (A) a water soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkyl ethr thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said compound (B) being different from said compound (A) and being selected from the group of nonpolymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said composition being substantially free of corrosion-inducing metal halide salts.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein said composition is applied to said solids in an amount of at least 0.5 weight percent of (A) plus (B) based on the surface moisture on the solids.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein the particulate solids so treated are subsequently exposed to a temperature sufficiently low to freeze them into masses frozen together by ice.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein said polyhydroxy compound is aliphatic.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein said polyhydroxy compound is an alkylene glycol.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein said alkylene glycol is ethylene glycol.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the weight ratio of Component B to Component A is from about 0.001:1 to about 2:1.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method claimed in claim 10 wherein said fluid composition consists of Component A and Component B.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 wherein the particulate solids are coal.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 18 wherein said particulate solids are coal having a particle size of less than about 2 inches.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17 wherein said contacting step is carried out by spraying said fluid on said particulate solids.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the particulate solids are coal.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the particulate solids are coal having a particle size of less than about 2 inches.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
128 words
A mass of particulate solids frozen together by ice, said particulate solids being neither water swellable nor water soluble, wherein said ice contains effective amounts of each of (A) a water soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkyl ether thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said Compound (B) being different from said Compound (A) and being selected from the group of non-polymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said ice being substantially free of corrosion-inducing metal halide salts, Compounds (A) and (B) being present in amounts to synergistically reduce the strength of the ice holding said mass of particles together so that said frozen mass is characterized as being more easily broken apart.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
128 words
A mass of particulate solids frozen together by ice, said particulate solids being neither water swellable nor water soluble, wherein said ice contains effective amounts of each of (A) a water soluble polyhydroxy compound or monoalkyl ether thereof and (B) a water soluble organic nonvolatile compound having at least one carboxyl or carboxylate group, said Compound (B) being different from said Compound (A) and being selected from the group of non-polymeric carboxylic acids comprising up to 10 carbon atoms and their salts, and said ice being substantially free of corrosion-inducing metal halide salts, Compounds (A) and (B) being present in amounts to synergistically reduce the strength of the ice holding said mass of particles together so that said frozen mass is characterized as being more easily broken apart.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
43 words
The mass of claim 23 wherein the ice contains Compound A and B in a combined amount of at least about 0.5 percent by weight and wherein the weight ratio of Compound (B) to Compound (A) is from about 0.001:1 to about 2:1.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
The mass of claim 23 wherein said polyhydroxy compound is selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols and monoalkyl ethers thereof.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
18 words
The mass of claim 23 wherein said polyhydroxy compound is selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycols.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
The mass of claim 23, 24, 25 or 26, wherein the particulate solids are coal.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
The mass of claim 23 wherein said nonvolatile compound is selected from monocarboxylic acids and their sodium and potassium salts.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
The mass of claim 23 wherein said polyhydroxy compound is ethylene glycol and wherein said particulate solids are coal.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-02-26 | 1988-08-27 | 1989-02-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-02-26 | 1992-08-27 | 1993-02-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-02-26 | 1996-08-27 | 1997-02-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |