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US4496949A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

MTI Radar adaptable to different environmental conditions

Assignee: Leonardo SpA
•
Filing: 1981-07-08
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Granted: 1985-01-29
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Expires: 2001-07-08
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Abstract

Abstract A radar of the MTI type has a transmitter connected to a source of outgoing pulses whose carrier frequency is variable under the control of a mode selector for selective operation with fixed frequency, frequency diversity or frequency agility, depending on detected environmental conditions. A multiweight Doppler filter serves for the detection of mobile targets in each of these three modes. With frequency-agility operation, samples of echoes of an outgoing pulse received during a given sweep are stored in a memory in accordance with the carrier frequency used for that pulse, this frequency changing in random fashion from one pulse to the next among a certain number of predetermined values. A timer selecting the outgoing frequency also controls a multiplexer which during each sweep delivers to the Doppler filter up to m correlated samples of the same frequency stored in the memory during the last n sweeps, with n>m determined by the width of the antenna beam to ensure that the samples concurrently evaluated by the filter come from the same target.

Inventors

  • 👤 Giuliano Bettini
  • 👤 Luigi Penso
  • 👤 Giuseppe Rodriguez

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-25 16:46
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S13/00; G01S13/02; G01S13/06; G01S13/08; G01S13/10; G01S13/24; G01S13/50; G01S13/52; G01S13/522; G01S13/524; G01S7/00; G01S7/02; G01S7/36

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 5
Claim 1
Independent Claim 273 words
In a radar having antenna means for the emission of outgoing pulses of different carrier frequencies on a radar beam of predetermined effective width and for the reception of echoes thereof reflected by outlying targets during a range sweep initiated by any outgoing pulse, frequency-generating and pulse-forming means provided with a timer operable to randomly select any one of a predetermined number of available carrier frequencies for emission at any sweep, transmitting means inserted between said pulse-forming means and said antenna means, receiving means connected to said antenna means, and gating means controlled by the timer for sampling incoming echoes, the combination therewith of: memory means connected to said gating means for storing samples of echoes incoming during each sweep for n consecutive sweeps at locations whose relationship with the carrier frequencies of the respective echoes is memorized by said timer, the number j of available carrier frequencies being less than the number n of outgoing pulses accommodated within the width of the radar beam whereby at least some carrier frequencies randomly recur during any scan of a target, with no carrier frequency occurring more than m<n times during n successive sweeps, said frequency-generating means maintaining phase coherence of each carrier frequency for at least said n sweeps; multiplexer means connected to said memory means and controlled by said timer for concurrently reading out, in the course of each sweep, up to m correlated samples of echoes of identical carrier frequency stored during n preceding sweeps; and m-weight Doppler-filter means connected to said multiplexer means for evaluating the correlated samples concurrently read out from said memory means to distinguish moving targets from clutter.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 273 words
In a radar having antenna means for the emission of outgoing pulses of different carrier frequencies on a radar beam of predetermined effective width and for the reception of echoes thereof reflected by outlying targets during a range sweep initiated by any outgoing pulse, frequency-generating and pulse-forming means provided with a timer operable to randomly select any one of a predetermined number of available carrier frequencies for emission at any sweep, transmitting means inserted between said pulse-forming means and said antenna means, receiving means connected to said antenna means, and gating means controlled by the timer for sampling incoming echoes, the combination therewith of: memory means connected to said gating means for storing samples of echoes incoming during each sweep for n consecutive sweeps at locations whose relationship with the carrier frequencies of the respective echoes is memorized by said timer, the number j of available carrier frequencies being less than the number n of outgoing pulses accommodated within the width of the radar beam whereby at least some carrier frequencies randomly recur during any scan of a target, with no carrier frequency occurring more than m<n times during n successive sweeps, said frequency-generating means maintaining phase coherence of each carrier frequency for at least said n sweeps; multiplexer means connected to said memory means and controlled by said timer for concurrently reading out, in the course of each sweep, up to m correlated samples of echoes of identical carrier frequency stored during n preceding sweeps; and m-weight Doppler-filter means connected to said multiplexer means for evaluating the correlated samples concurrently read out from said memory means to distinguish moving targets from clutter.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 42 words
The combination defined in claim 1 wherein said timer controls said multiplexer means to connect said Doppler-filter means during any sweep to locations of said memory means storing m<n samples of echoes received with the carrier frequency utilized during the respective sweep.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 38 words
The combination defined in claim 1, further comprising mode-selecting means connected to said timer for switching from random frequency selection to operation with the same carrier frequency over a succession of sweeps in response to high-clutter environmental conditions.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 10 words
The combination defined in claim 1 wherein n=15 and j=5.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US4038659A Cited
US3725926A Cited
US3716859A Cited
US4339754A Cited
US4339604A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1988-01-29 1988-07-30 1989-01-29 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1992-01-29 1992-07-30 1993-01-29 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1996-01-29 1996-07-30 1997-01-29 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

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