US4492678A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Preparative process for alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinels and their use for reducing sulfur oxide content in gases
Assignee: WR Grace and Co Conn
•
Filing: 1984-05-17
•
Granted: 1985-01-08
•
Expires: 2004-05-17
Abstract
Abstract An improved process for the production of alkaline earth, aluminum-containing spinel compositions, preferably magnesium, aluminum-containing spinel compositions and preferably further comprising at least one additional metal component, comprises combining at least one alkaline earth metal component; at least one solid organic material acting to alter at least one property of the spinel composition and being capable of being at least partially combusted during the calcination step described hereinafter, and at least one aluminum component at selected pH conditions to form a precipitate and calcining the precipitate to form a spinel composition. The product spinel composition, prepared in the presence of a solid organic material and preferably with included additional metal components, is particularly suited for use to reduce the amount of sulfur oxides emitted from a catalyst regeneration zone, e.g., a catalytic cracking unit regeneration zone.
Inventors
- 👤 Jin S. Yoo
- 👤 Cecelia A. Radlowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 14:26
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G11/00; C10G11/02; C10G11/04; B; B01; B01J; B01J20/00; B01J20/02; B01J20/04; B01J20/041; B01J20/06; B01J20/08; B01J20/22; B01J20/30; B01J20/3021; B01J20/3071; B01J20/3078; B01J20/32; B01J20/3202; B01J20/3204; B01J20/3231; B01J20/3234; B01J20/3236; B01J21/00; B01J21/005; C01; C01F; C01F7/00; C01F7/02; C01F7/16; C01F7/162; C01F7/78; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/61; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/584; Y10; Y10S; Y10S502/00; Y10S502/524
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 40
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A process for the production of an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition comprising: (a) combining (i) an acidic aqueous medium containing at least one alkaline earth metal component; (ii) at least one solid organic material capable of being at least partially combusted during step (b) hereof; and (iii) a basic aqueous medium containing at least one aluminum component in which the aluminum is present as an anion to form a combined mass including a liquid phase and an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing precipitate, provided that the pH of said combined mass during said combining is maintained at about 8.0 or higher; and (b) calcining said precipitate to form said alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A process for the production of an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition comprising: (a) combining (i) an acidic aqueous medium containing at least one alkaline earth metal component; (ii) at least one solid organic material capable of being at least partially combusted during step (b) hereof; and (iii) a basic aqueous medium containing at least one aluminum component in which the aluminum is present as an anion to form a combined mass including a liquid phase and an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing precipitate, provided that the pH of said combined mass during said combining is maintained at about 8.0 or higher; and (b) calcining said precipitate to form said alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the pH of said combined mass during said combining is maintained in the range of about 8.0 to about 10.5.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the pH of said combined mass during said combining is maintained in the range of about 8.5 to about 10.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the pH of said combined mass during said combining is maintained in the range of about 9.0 to about 9.5.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said solid organic material acts to alter at least one property of said spinel composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the solid organic material is selected from the group consisting of substantially hydrocarbon materials, substantially carbohydrate materials, substantially carbonaceous materials and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 1 wherein at least a major amount of said solid organic material is capable of being combusted during said step (b).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said solid organic material is selected from the group consisting of hydrogenated vegetable oils, fatty acids, fatty esters, fatty ethers, natural gums, starch, starch derivatives, lignin, lignin derivatives, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, stereo-specific organic polymers, regio-specific organic polymers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the solid organic material is a hydrogenated vegetable oil.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of alkaline earth metal to aluminum in said spinel composition is at least about 0.17.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of alkaline earth metal to aluminum in said spinel composition is in the range of about 0.17 to about 2.5.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the atomic ratio of alkaline earth metal to aluminum in said spinel composition is in the range of about 0.5 to about 1.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said alkaline earth metal is magnesium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said calcining takes place at a temperature in the range of about 1000° F. to about 1800° F.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said calcining takes place at a temperature in the range of about 1050° F. to about 1600° F.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said calcining takes place at a temperature in the range of about 1100° F. to about 1400° F.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said precipitate is dried to remove at least a portion of said liquid phase prior to being calcined.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said precipitate is dried at a temperature of less than about 500° F.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
47 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said additional metal component is selected from the group consisting of Group IB metals, Group IIB metals, Group IVB metals, Group VIA and B metals, Group VIIA metals, Group VIII metals, the rare earth metals, vanadium, tin, antimony and mixtures thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 19 wherein said spinel composition includes up to about 25% by weight, calculated as elemental metal, of at least one of said additional metal components.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said precipitate is spray dried and said spinel composition is in the form of particles having diameters in the range of about 10 to about 250 microns.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said precipitate is spray dried and said spinel composition is in the form of particles having diameters in the range of about 20 to about 125 microns.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said precipitate is maintained in contact with at least a portion of said liquid phase for a period of about 4 to about 24 hours before being dried.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said spinel composition includes a minor amount of at least one additional metal component effective to promote the oxidation of SO 2 to SO 3 at SO 2 oxidation conditions.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said additional metal component is selected from the group consisting of bismuth, rare earth metal, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, vanadium, tin, the platinum group metals, thorium and mixtures thereof.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 25 wherein said additional metal component is cerium.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said additional metal component is a rare earth metal.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 24 wherein said spinel composition includes up to about 25% by weight, calculated as elemental metal, of at least one of said additional metal components.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said aluminum component is alkali metal aluminate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said solid organic material to said alkaline earth metal in said combined mass is in the range of about 0.1 to about 35.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of said solid organic material to said alkaline earth metal in said combined mass is in the range of about 0.3 to about 20.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 1.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 2.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 3.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 4.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 6.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 19.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 30.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
64 words
In a process for reducing the sulfur oxide content of a sulfur oxide-containing gas which includes contacting said gas with a material at conditions to associate at least a portion of said sulfur oxide contained in said gas with said material, the improvement comprising utilizing as said material an alkaline earth metal, aluminum-containing spinel composition produced in accordance with the process of claim 31.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3835031A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-01-08 | 1988-07-09 | 1989-01-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-01-08 | 1992-07-09 | 1993-01-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-01-08 | 1996-07-09 | 1997-01-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |