US4482616A — Controlling solubility of lithium salts in liquid…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 115 words

A method for modifying the solubility of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent system which comprises dissolving said lithium salt and a solubility modifying additive in the solvent system, wherein said solvent system comprises a major portion of sulfur dioxide, the amount of said lithium salt is in excess of the amount which is soluble in the solvent system in the absence of said solubility modifying additive, the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to increase the solubility of the lithium salt, and said solubility modifying additive comprises a salt which contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of metal cation complexes, quaternary ammonium cations and organic phosphonium cations.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 115 words

A method for modifying the solubility of a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent system which comprises dissolving said lithium salt and a solubility modifying additive in the solvent system, wherein said solvent system comprises a major portion of sulfur dioxide, the amount of said lithium salt is in excess of the amount which is soluble in the solvent system in the absence of said solubility modifying additive, the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to increase the solubility of the lithium salt, and said solubility modifying additive comprises a salt which contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of metal cation complexes, quaternary ammonium cations and organic phosphonium cations.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 31 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the amount of said lithium salt is effective to substantially saturate the solvent system in the presence of said solubility modifying additive.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 28 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to at least double the solubility of said lithium salt.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 17 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said solvent system is substantially pure sulfur dioxide.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 35 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said solubility modifying additive has a solubility in said solvent system at the temperature and pressure of use of at least about 0.1 equivalent per liter.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 21 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said lithium salt and said solubility modifying additive contain a common anion.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 26 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said cation is selected from the group consisting of Mn(2,2'-dipyridyl) 3 ++ and Mn(1,10-phenanthroline) 3 ++ .

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 72 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said solubility modifying additive is a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl groups of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X - is selected from the group consisting of perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dithionite, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, iodide and fluoride.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 53 words

The method as set forth in claim 8 wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X - is selected from the group consisting of perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dithionite and sulfate.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 71 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said solubility modifying additive is a phosphonium salt of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X - is selected from the group consisting of perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dithionite, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, iodide and fluoride.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 30 words

The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate, lithium dithionite, lithium sulfate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium hexafluorophosphate.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 107 words

The composition prepared by the process which comprises dissolving a lithium salt and a solubility modifying additive in a non-aqueous solvent system, wherein said solvent system comprises a major portion of sulfur dioxide, the amount of said lithium salt is in excess of the amount which is soluble in the solvent system in the absence of said solubility modifying additive, the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to increase the solubility of the lithium salt, and said solubility modifying additive comprises a salt which contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of metal cation complexes, quaternary ammonium cations and organic phosphonium cations.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 107 words

The composition prepared by the process which comprises dissolving a lithium salt and a solubility modifying additive in a non-aqueous solvent system, wherein said solvent system comprises a major portion of sulfur dioxide, the amount of said lithium salt is in excess of the amount which is soluble in the solvent system in the absence of said solubility modifying additive, the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to increase the solubility of the lithium salt, and said solubility modifying additive comprises a salt which contains at least one cation selected from the group consisting of metal cation complexes, quaternary ammonium cations and organic phosphonium cations.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 31 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein the amount of said lithium salt is effective to substantially saturate the solvent system in the presence of said solubility modifying additive.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 28 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein the amount of said solubility modifying additive is effective to at least double the solubility of said lithium salt.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 17 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein said solvent system is substantially pure sulfur dioxide.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 26 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein said cation is selected from the group consisting of Mn(2,2'-dipyridyl) 3 ++ and Mn(1,10-phenanthroline) 3 ++ .

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 72 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein said solubility modifying additive is a quaternary ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR5## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl groups of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X - is selected from the group consisting of perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dithionite, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, iodide and fluoride.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 71 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein said solubility modifying additive is a phosphonium salt of the formula: ##STR6## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X - is selected from the group consisting of perchlorate, tetrafluoroborate, hexafluorophosphate, dithionite, sulfate, phosphate, chloride, bromide, iodide and fluoride.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 28 words

The composition as set forth in claim 12 wherein said lithium salt is selected from the group consisting of lithium perchlorate, lithium dithionite, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium hexafluorophosphate.

Claim 22

Dependent Claim 25 words

An electrochemical cell comprising: (a) a lithium anode; (b) a positive electrode current collector; and (c) an electrolyte which comprises the composition of claim 12.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1987-11-13	1988-05-14	1988-11-13	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1991-11-13	1992-05-14	1992-11-13	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1995-11-13	1996-05-14	1996-11-13	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Controlling solubility of lithium salts in liquid sulfur dioxide

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