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US4482356A
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Diesel fuel containing alkenyl succinimide
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
•
Filing: 1983-12-30
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Granted: 1984-11-13
•
Expires: 2003-12-30
Abstract
Abstract Coking in and around the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines is reduced by means of distillate fuel with which has been blended suitable concentrations of: (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide. Also described are additive mixtures of (a) and (b) for use in distillate fuels in amounts sufficient to reduce the coking tendencies of such fuels when used in the operation of indirect injection compression ignition engines.
Inventors
- 👤 J. Vincent Hanlon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 11:25
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L10/00; C10L10/02; C10L10/04; C10L1/23; C10L1/231; C10L1/234; C10L1/238; C10L1/2383; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
49 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking in the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
49 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking in the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide is an olefin polymer substituted succinimide wherein said olefin polymer substituent has an average molecular weight of about 500-500,000.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
45 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein the succinimide portion is derived from a polyalkyleneamine having the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH).sub.n H wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-10 including mixtures of said polyalkylene amines.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 4 wherein said olefin polymer substituent is a polyisobutene substituent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 5 wherein said polyisobutene substituent has an average molecular weight of about 700-5,000.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein said polyalkylene amine is a polyethyleneamine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 7 wherein said polyethylene amine contains about 2-6 ethylene amine units.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
61 words
A method of inhibiting coking on the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize such coking in the engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
61 words
A method of inhibiting coking on the injector nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines, which method comprises supplying said engine with a distillate fuel containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize such coking in the engine operated on such fuel.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide is an olefin polymer substituted succinimide wherein said olefin polymer substituent has an average molecular weight of about 500-500,000.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
46 words
The process of claim 11 wherein the succinimide portion is derived from a polyalkylene amine having the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH).sub.n H wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-10 including mixtures of said polyalkylene amines.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 12 wherein said olefin polymer substituent is a polyisobutene substituent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 13 wherein said polyisobutene substituent has an average molecular weight of about 700-5,000.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 14 wherein said polyalkylene amine is a polyethylene amine.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 15 wherein said polyethylene amine contains about 2-6 ethylene amine units.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
63 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking on the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
63 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking on the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
66 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens, and (d) N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking on the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
66 words
Distillate fuel for indirect injection compression ignition engines containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens, and (d) N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane, said combination being present in an amount sufficient to minimize coking on the nozzles of indirect injection compression ignition engines operated on such fuel.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein said hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide is an olefin polymer-substituted succinimide wherein said olefin polymer substituent has an average molecular weight of about 500-500,000.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
44 words
The composition of claim 20 wherein the succinimide portion is derived from a polyalkyleneamine having the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH).sub.n H wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-10 including mixtures of said polyalkyleneamines.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 21 wherein said olefin polymer substituent is a polyisobutylene substituent.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein said polyisobutylene substituent has an average molecular weight of about 700-5000.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 23 wherein said polyalkyleneamine is a polyethylene amine.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 24 wherein said polyethylene amine contains about 2-6 ethylene amine units.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein said hydrocarbyl amine is comprised of an alkylene amine of the formula R--NH.sub.2 wherein R is one or a mixture of tertiary alkyl groups containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 26 wherein R is one or a mixture of tertiary alkyl groups containing 12-16 carbon atoms.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein said hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide is an olefin polymer-substituted succinimide wherein said olefin polymer substituent has an average molecular weight of 500-500,000.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
44 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the succinimide portion is derived from a polyalkyleneamine having the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH).sub.n H wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbyl group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-10 including mixtures of said polyalkyleneamines.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 30 wherein said olefin polymer substituent is a polyisobutylene substituent.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 31 wherein said polyisobutylene substituent has an average molecular weight of about 700-500,000.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 32 wherein said polyalkyleneamine is a polyethylene amine.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 33 wherein said polyethylene amine contains about 2-6 ethylene amine units.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 18 wherein said hydrocarbyl amine is comprised of an alkylene amine of the formula R--NH.sub.2 wherein R is one or a mixture of tertiary alkyl groups containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 35 wherein R is one or a mixture of tertiary alkyl groups containing 12-16 carbon atoms.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
26 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
26 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator and (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
A concentrate of claim 37 wherein said ignition accelerator is a mixture of octyl nitrates.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
28 words
A concentrate of claim 37 wherein said hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide is an olefin polymer substituted succinimide wherein said olefin polymer substituent has an average molecular weight of about 500-500,000.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
44 words
A concentrate of claim 39 wherein the succinimide portion is derived from a polyalkyleneamine having the formula H.sub.2 N--R--NH).sub.n H wherein R is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 2-4 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1-10 including mixtures of said polyalkyleneamines.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
A concentrate of claim 40 wherein said olefin polymer substituent is a polyisobutylene substituent.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
17 words
A concentrate of claim 41 wherein said polyisobutylene substitutent has an average molecular weight of about 700-5,000.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
12 words
A concentrate of claim 42 wherein said polyalkyleneamine is a polyethylene amine.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
15 words
A concentrate of claim 43 wherein said polyethylene amine contains about 2-6 ethylene amine units.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
26 words
A concentrate of claim 37 comprising about 5-95% by weight of said organic nitrate ignition accelerator and about 5-95% of said hydrocarbyl substituted succinimide or succinamide.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
41 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide and (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
41 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide and (c) hydrocarbyl amine having from 3 to 60 carbons and from 1 to 10 nitrogens.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
36 words
A concentrate of claim 46 comprising up to about 50% by weight of the combination of organic nitrate ignition accelerator and hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide and up to about 50% by weight of said hydrocarbyl amine.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
31 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine and (d) N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
31 words
An additive fluid concentrate for use in distillate fuels containing at least the combination of (a) organic nitrate ignition accelerator, (b) hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide or succinamide, (c) hydrocarbyl amine and (d) N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
42 words
A concentrate of claim 48 comprising up to about 50% by weight of the combination of organic nitrate ignition accelerator and hydrocarbyl substituted succinimide or succinamide and up to about 50% by weight of the combination of said hydrocarbyl amine and N,N'-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-11-13 | 1988-05-14 | 1988-11-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-11-13 | 1992-05-14 | 1992-11-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-11-13 | 1996-05-14 | 1996-11-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |