Patent US4478867A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4478867A
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Process for whipping an emulsion
Assignee: General Foods Corp
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Filing: 1983-03-21
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Granted: 1984-10-23
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Expires: 2003-03-21
Abstract
Abstract A process for whipping an homogenized emulsion comprised of fat, protein, emulsifier, stabilizer and water. The emulsion is aerated in a continuous mixer. The aerated emulsion is then pressure reduced in a gradual manner and whipped under pressure. The whipped emulsion is then reduced to atmospheric pressure wherein the temperature of the whipped emulsion upon reaching atmospheric pressure is from about 46° F. to 60° F.
Inventors
- 👤 Frederick A. Zobel
- 👤 Joseph D. Burke
- 👤 John T. Oppy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 12:15
CPC Classifications
A; A23; A23L; A23L9/00; A23L9/20; A23L9/22; A23P; A23P30/00; A23P30/40
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
A process for whipping an homogenized emulsion comprised of fat, protein, emulsifier, stabilizer and water which process comprises: (a) incorporating gas into said emulsion in a continuous mixer having a mixing pressure of about 45 psig to about 100 psig and a mixing temperature of from about 30° F. to about 50° F.; (b) pressure reducing said aerated emulsion wherein the pressure is reduced from about a 10 psig reduction to about a 50 psig reduction in a gradual manner; (c) whipping said pressure reduced gas incorporated aerated emulsion at a whipping pressure of from about 20 psig to about 70 psig and at a temperature of from about 30° F. to about 60° F.; and (d) pressure reducing said whipped emulsion to an atmospheric pressure wherein the temperature of the whipped emulsion upon reaching atmospheric pressure is from about 46° F. to about 60° F.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
A process for whipping an homogenized emulsion comprised of fat, protein, emulsifier, stabilizer and water which process comprises: (a) incorporating gas into said emulsion in a continuous mixer having a mixing pressure of about 45 psig to about 100 psig and a mixing temperature of from about 30° F. to about 50° F.; (b) pressure reducing said aerated emulsion wherein the pressure is reduced from about a 10 psig reduction to about a 50 psig reduction in a gradual manner; (c) whipping said pressure reduced gas incorporated aerated emulsion at a whipping pressure of from about 20 psig to about 70 psig and at a temperature of from about 30° F. to about 60° F.; and (d) pressure reducing said whipped emulsion to an atmospheric pressure wherein the temperature of the whipped emulsion upon reaching atmospheric pressure is from about 46° F. to about 60° F.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the gas incorporation of said emulsion is at a mixing pressure of about 50 psig to about 77 psig.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the gas incorporation of said emulsion occurs at a temperature of from about 36° F. to 43° F.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said pressure reduction of said gas incorporated emulsion is from about a 15 psig reduction to about a 45 psig reduction.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein said whipping of the pressure reduced gas incorporated emulsion is at a whipping pressure of from about 20 psig to about 55 psig.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the whipping of said pressure reduced gas incorporated emulsion is at a whipping temperature of about 43° F. to about 50° F.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the pressure reduction of said whipped emulsion to atmospheric pressure is at a temperature of from about 48° F. to about 52° F.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the whipping of said gas incorporated emulsion is to an overrun of 200% to 350%.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 8 wherein the whipping of said gas incorporated emulsion is to an overrun of about 250% to 300%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the emulsion further comprises carbohydrate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
62 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the fat is from 18 to 30% by weight, the protein is from 0.5 to 2% by weight, the emulsifier is from 0.4 to 2% by weight, the stabilizer is from 0.01 to 2% by weight, the water is from 40 to 60% by weight, and the carbohydrate is from 20 to 30% by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the carbohydrate is sugar.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 10 wherein the emulsion further comprises a flavoring agent.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process according to claim 13 wherein the flavoring agent is 0.1 to 2% by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the pressure reduced gas incorporated emulsion is whipped in a scraped surface heat exchanger.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the pressure reduced gas incorporated emulsion is whipped employing effective shear.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the emulsion further comprises a milk component.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
17 words
A process according to claim 17 wherein the milk component is from 2 to 30% by weight.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-10-23 | 1988-04-23 | 1988-10-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-10-23 | 1992-04-23 | 1992-10-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-10-23 | 1996-04-23 | 1996-10-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |