US4463072A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Secondary batteries containing room-temperature molten 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide non-aqueous electrolyte
Assignee: Honeywell International Inc
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Filing: 1983-11-30
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Granted: 1984-07-31
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Expires: 2003-11-30
Abstract
Abstract Batteries and especially secondary batteries employing an anode comprising aluminum and a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte containing admixtures of aluminum halide and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halides having the formula TimX: <IMAGE> wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 12 carbons and X is independently halide or mixtures of halides, e.g., chloride and/or bromide are disclosed. The molar ratio of aluminum hereinafter denoted by Al, to trialkylimidalozium, hereinafter denoted by Tim, in the electrolyte, may be varied over a wide range so as to make the molten electrolyte composition acidic and as such the electrolyte is useful in batteries, especially secondary batteries employing aluminum anodes and a variety of cathodes.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul R. Gifford
- 👤 James B. Palmisano
- 👤 Lawrence W. Shacklette
- 👤 Ronald R. Chance
- 👤 James E. Toth
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 09:34
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/36; H01M10/00; H01M10/36; H01M4/60; H01M4/62; H01M4/621; H01M6/00; H01M6/14; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
93 words
A battery containing an anode, a cathode, and a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte wherein: (a) the anode comprises aluminum; (b) the molten non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an admixture of aluminum halide having the formula AlX 3 and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide having the formula, TimX: ##STR6## said admixture being disposed between said anode and cathode and in contact with each; wherein the molar ratio of Al to Tim is greater than about 1:1 and wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbons and wherein X is independently halide.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
93 words
A battery containing an anode, a cathode, and a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte wherein: (a) the anode comprises aluminum; (b) the molten non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an admixture of aluminum halide having the formula AlX 3 and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide having the formula, TimX: ##STR6## said admixture being disposed between said anode and cathode and in contact with each; wherein the molar ratio of Al to Tim is greater than about 1:1 and wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbons and wherein X is independently halide.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The battery of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte further comprises an electrochemically-inert organic liquid.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
38 words
The battery of claim 1 wherein said cathode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of graphite, iron sulfides on a carbon support, intercalation compounds of graphite, transition metal chalcogenides, and compounds thereof and conjugated backbone polymers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrolyte composition of claim 1 which further comprises an alkali metal salt and/or tetraalkylammonium salt.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
33 words
The battery of claim 4 wherein said cathode comprises a conjugated backbone polymer selected from the group consisting of oxidized polypyrrole, polyacetylene, poly(3-methylthiophene), polythiophene, poly(phenylene vinylene), polynaphthalenediyl, polythianthrene, poly(p-phenylene), and substituted versions thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 5 wherein said conjugated backbone polymer is polyacetylene.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 5 wherein said conjugated backbone polymer is poly(p-phenylene).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The battery of claim 1 which further contains a porous divider thereby dividing said electrolyte into an anodic portion adjacent to the anode and a cathodic portion adjacent to the cathode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The battery of claim 1 which further comprises means for applying an electrical charge whereby the battery can operate as a secondary battery.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The battery of claim 1 wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are linear alkyl groups of 1 to 5 carbons.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery of claim 1 wherein, R 1 and R 2 are methyl and R 3 is ethyl or n-propyl or n-butyl.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 11 wherein R 3 is ethyl.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 11 wherein R 3 is n-butyl.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
120 words
The battery containing an anode, a cathode, a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte wherein: (a) the anode comprises aluminum; (b) the cathode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of graphite, iron sulfides on a carbon support, intercalation compounds of graphite, transition metal chalcogenides transition metal halides, transition metal oxyhalides and conjugated backbone polymers; and (c) the molten, non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an admixture of aluminum halide, AlX 3 , and a 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide having the formula, TimX: ##STR7## wherein the molar ratio of AlX 3 to Tim is in the range of about 1.5:1 to about 2.5:1 and wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbons and wherein X is independently halide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
120 words
The battery containing an anode, a cathode, a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte wherein: (a) the anode comprises aluminum; (b) the cathode comprises a member selected from the group consisting of graphite, iron sulfides on a carbon support, intercalation compounds of graphite, transition metal chalcogenides transition metal halides, transition metal oxyhalides and conjugated backbone polymers; and (c) the molten, non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an admixture of aluminum halide, AlX 3 , and a 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide having the formula, TimX: ##STR7## wherein the molar ratio of AlX 3 to Tim is in the range of about 1.5:1 to about 2.5:1 and wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are independently alkyl of 1 to 12 carbons and wherein X is independently halide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The battery of claim 14 wherein the molten, non-aqueous electrolyte further comprises an electrochemically-inert organic liquid.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The electrolyte composition of claim 14 which further comprises an alkali metal salt and/or tetraalkylammonium salt.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
31 words
The battery of claim 14 wherein the cathode comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of oxidized polypyrrole, polyacetylene, poly(3-methylthiophene), polythiophene, poly(phenylene vinylene, polynaphthalenediyl, polythianthrene poly(p-phenylene) and substituted versions thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 17 wherein said conjugated backbone polymer is polyacetylene.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The battery of claim 17 wherein said conjugated backbone polymer is poly(p-phenylene).
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
The battery of claim 14 wherein the transition metal chalcogenide is comprising the cathode is Li x CoO 2 and wherein said molten electrolyte further comprises LiCl or LiBr.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The battery of claim 14 wherein R 1 to R 3 are linear alkyl groups.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
22 words
The battery of claim 21 wherein R 1 and R 2 are methyl and R 3 is ethyl or n-propyl or n-butyl.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 22 wherein R 3 is ethyl.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
10 words
The battery of claim 22 wherein R 3 is n-butyl.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
The battery of claim 14 which further includes means for electrical charging whereby said battery can operate as a secondary battery.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
21 words
The battery of claim 25 wherein the molar ratio of Al to Tim in said electrolyte is about 1.5:1 to 2.0:1.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-31 | 1988-01-30 | 1988-07-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-01-30 | 1992-07-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-31 | 1996-01-30 | 1996-07-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |