Patent US2861628A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4463065A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4463065A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Fuel cell and method for conducting gas-phase oxidation
Assignee: WR Grace and Co Conn
•
Filing: 1982-02-02
•
Granted: 1984-07-31
•
Expires: 2002-02-02
Abstract
Abstract Disclosed herein are ribbed catalyst-coated solid-state electrolyte sheets as well as a method for producing such sheets. Also disclosed is a fuel cell reactor comprising a plurality of said sheets stacked one upon another and cemented together to form a monolithic structure. Novel reactions utilizing the reactor to produce useful chemical oxidation products and/or electricity are set forth. Also disclosed is a novel wiring system to collect electrical power generated by the reactor.
Inventors
- 👤 Louis Hegedus
- 👤 Costas G. Vayenas
- 👤 James N. Michaels
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:41
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B5/00; C01; C01B; C01B17/00; C01B17/48; C01B17/50; C01B17/508; C01B17/69; C01B17/74; C01B21/00; C01B21/20; C01B21/24; C01B21/26; C01B32/00; C01B32/40; C01B32/50; C22; C22B; C22B21/00; H; H01; H01M; H01M8/00; H01M8/10; H01M8/12; H01M8/1231; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
145 words
A fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said electrolyte sheets having exterior surfaces coated with an electrically conductive material contacting the catalyst disposed in the channels of at least one adjacent sheet, each of said exterior surface coatings in electrically conductive communication with lead means adapted to communicate with an exterior electrical circuit.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
145 words
A fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said electrolyte sheets having exterior surfaces coated with an electrically conductive material contacting the catalyst disposed in the channels of at least one adjacent sheet, each of said exterior surface coatings in electrically conductive communication with lead means adapted to communicate with an exterior electrical circuit.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
39 words
A fuel cell as in claim 1 wherein each sheet has at least one exterior coated surface and wherein the catalyst carried in the channels of each sheet is in contact with the exterior coating on each adjacent sheet.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A fuel cell as in claim 2 wherein the exterior coatings in contact with the oxygen-dissociation catalyst in one set of channels are electrically connected in series to the exterior coatings in contact with the reaction-promoting catalyst in the adjacent channels.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
79 words
A fuel cell as in claim 1 wherein the sheets of the reactor are divided into minicells, each minicell consisting of four adjacently disposed sheets divided into two sets wherein the channels of the first set are electrically connected in parallel and have an oxygen-dissociating catalyst disposed therein and wherein the channels of said second set are electrically connected in parallel and have a reaction-promoting catalyst disposed therein, said first set electrically connected in series with said second set.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A fuel cell as in claim 4 wherein each minicell is electrically connected in series with each adjacent minicell.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte comprises yttria-stabilized zirconia.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 6 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 6 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 6 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 6 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel cell as in claim 1 wherein the solid electrolyte comprises calcia-stabilized zirconia.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 11 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 11 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 11 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 11 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
107 words
A fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar-parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said reactor fitted with conductive means to transport electricity.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
107 words
A fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar-parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said reactor fitted with conductive means to transport electricity.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
A fuel cell as in claim 16 wherein the conductive means is adapted to transport electrical current produced during operation of the cell to an external circuit.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel cell as in claim 16 wherein the solid electrolyte comprises yttria-stabilized zirconia.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 18 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 18 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 18 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 18 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
14 words
A fuel cell as in claim 16 wherein the solid electrolyte comprises calcia-stabilized zirconia.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 23 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 23 wherein the oxygen-dissociating catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
13 words
A fuel cell as in claim 23 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises platinum.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
15 words
A fuel cell as in claim 23 wherein the reaction-promoting catalyst comprises a platinum-rhodium alloy.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
205 words
A method for conducting gas-phase oxidation reactions comprising: (a) passing an oxygen-containing gas and a reactant gas into a fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said reactor fitted with conductive means to transport electricity; (b) passing the oxygen-containing gas through the channels of said first group of sheets to produce oxygen ions which are transported through the electrolyte to the surfaces of the catalyst-coated channels of the group two sheets; (c) passing the oxygen-reactive feed gas through the group two channels to react with the oxygen ions; (d) collecting the oxygen-containing gas following passage through the group one channels; and (e) collecting the product-containing reactant gas following passage through the group two channels.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
205 words
A method for conducting gas-phase oxidation reactions comprising: (a) passing an oxygen-containing gas and a reactant gas into a fuel cell comprising a plurality of stacked essentially planar parallel sheets of a fluid-impermeable solid electrolyte capable of transporting oxygen ions, each sheet possessing a plurality of parallel elongated channels separated by ribs, said sheets divided into first and second groups wherein the sheets of said groups are interposed in an alternate manner, the channels of said first group forming an angle with the channels of said second group, the channels of said first group having a catalytic, oxygen-dissociating material disposed therein and the channels of the second group having a catalyst for promoting oxidation reactions disposed therein, said reactor fitted with conductive means to transport electricity; (b) passing the oxygen-containing gas through the channels of said first group of sheets to produce oxygen ions which are transported through the electrolyte to the surfaces of the catalyst-coated channels of the group two sheets; (c) passing the oxygen-reactive feed gas through the group two channels to react with the oxygen ions; (d) collecting the oxygen-containing gas following passage through the group one channels; and (e) collecting the product-containing reactant gas following passage through the group two channels.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the channels of said first group of sheets possess a catalyst for oxidizing ammonia to nitric oxide and water.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is ethylene.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is a light olefinic hydrocarbon.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is methane.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is a light paraffinic hydrocarbon.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is benzene.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is a light aromatic hydrocarbon.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the oxygen-reactive gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the solid electrolyte is yttria-stabilized zirconia.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method as in claim 28 wherein the electrolyte is calcia-stabilized zirconia.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3472697A
Cited
US3533848A
Cited
DE1928300A1
Cited
US3854186A
Cited
DE2514034A1
Cited
US4175165A
Cited
US4272336A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-31 | 1988-01-30 | 1988-07-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-31 | 1992-01-30 | 1992-07-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-31 | 1996-01-30 | 1996-07-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |