Direct-current electrical motors and generators

Claim 1

A direct current dynamo, said dynamo comprising; a stator with a plurality of poles, the number of which poles is determined by a number of pole divisions, an armature having an open winding thereon, said winding consisting of a plurality of parallel coil sections which number is essentially more than said number of pole divisions; a plurality of commutator brushes positioned for electrical cooperation with said plurality of coil sections, each of said coil sections emanating from a single originating segment to a single terminating commutator segment connected to said winding, each said respective single originating and single terminating commutator segment in each said coil section electrically communicating with independent ones of said plurality of brushes at respective commutator positions substantially 180 electrical degrees apart, any brushes substantially 360 electrical degrees apart from one another being electrically joined in parallel; each of said coil sections further being completely independent of each other and having no electrical interconnections, other than at said commutator brushes so as to conduct primarily only the current as is induced inside of the respective coil of each, said plurality of brushes abutting said commutator segments with the number of pairs of said brushes equal to the number of pole divisions, each of said pair of brushes being positioned in operative electrical alignment with respective ones of said poles, and each of said plurality of brushes further in operable electrical contact with the majority of said commutator segments aligned under said respective pole.