US4457816A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electrolysis method for decomposing water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas
Assignee: FOUNTAIN H ALBERT 701 MCCULLOH STREET BALTIMORE MD 21201 AN INDIVIDUAL
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Filing: 1983-01-17
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Granted: 1984-07-03
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Expires: 2003-01-17
Abstract
Abstract An electrolysis apparatus decomposes water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. The apparatus comprises a housing for the water to be decomposed, a plurality of symmetrically folded and edged unipolar electrodes for decomposing the water held in the housing, microporous membranes for separating each of the plurality of unipolar electrodes from one another, and an arrangement for wiring the plurality of unipolar electrodes in parallel. The apparatus also comprises separate outlets, collectors, and consumers for each gas. There is also a water supply, a water feed regulator, and a water inlet. A power source supplies electrical wattage to the parallel wiring arrangement. An electrolytic solution containing only about 2.2% or less KOH concentration by weight is used to help decompose the water. Invertible plates may be used either for diverting the free upward flow of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas laterally to separate gas outlets or for diverting the free downward fall of minerals laterally to a collection chamber.
Inventors
- 👤 Daniel T. Galluzzo
- 👤 Charles L. Dumler
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 05:08
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/02; C25B9/00; C25B9/17; C25B9/19; C25B9/60; C25B9/65; C25B9/70; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W10/00; Y02W10/30; Y02W10/37
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
57 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus, feeding sea water directly into the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, simultaneously precipitating out minerals from the water, and subsequently extracting the minerals from the apparatus.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
57 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus, feeding sea water directly into the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, simultaneously precipitating out minerals from the water, and subsequently extracting the minerals from the apparatus.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water of claim 1, further including the step of providing a unipolar electrolytic apparatus having a solution containing KOH, wherein the KOH concentration by weight is approximately 2.2%.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
71 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage in the range of 1.9 to 2.6 volts to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
71 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage in the range of 1.9 to 2.6 volts to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
67 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage of approximately 2 volts to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
67 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage of approximately 2 volts to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
76 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel connected electrodes, wherein the wattage applied per electrical field is approximately 8 watts, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
76 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel connected electrodes, wherein the wattage applied per electrical field is approximately 8 watts, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
84 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel electrodes, operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof, supplying sea or waste water to the apparatus without the necessity for prior distillation thereof, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals therefrom.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
84 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel electrodes, operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof, supplying sea or waste water to the apparatus without the necessity for prior distillation thereof, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals therefrom.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
63 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having an anode and a cathode which are symmetrically folded and sharply edged, feeding sea water directly into the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals from the water.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having an anode and a cathode which are symmetrically folded and sharply edged, feeding sea water directly into the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals from the water.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
115 words
In the method of producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a solution containing an hydroxide which has a relatively low concentration by weight, the apparatus including a plurality of cells each having an anode and a cathode, each of which is formed from a non-precious metal, electrically connecting the cells in parallel, feeding current to the parallel electrically connected cells, and operating the apparatus at approximately atmospheric pressure and room temperature without the necessity for external cooling thereof, and without the necessity for external cooling thereof, and without the necessity for initial purging of the apparatus by an inert gas.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
115 words
In the method of producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a solution containing an hydroxide which has a relatively low concentration by weight, the apparatus including a plurality of cells each having an anode and a cathode, each of which is formed from a non-precious metal, electrically connecting the cells in parallel, feeding current to the parallel electrically connected cells, and operating the apparatus at approximately atmospheric pressure and room temperature without the necessity for external cooling thereof, and without the necessity for external cooling thereof, and without the necessity for initial purging of the apparatus by an inert gas.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The improvement of claim 8, wherein the hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of potassium and sodium.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
65 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
65 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolysis of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a relatively low voltage to the parallel connected electrodes, and operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
107 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the dissassociation of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals and further having a solution containing KOH in a concentration which is approximately 2.2% by weight, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage of approximately 2 volts to the parallel electrodes, supplying water to the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals for subsequent extraction from the apparatus.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
107 words
In the method of commercially producing hydrogen and oxygen by the dissassociation of water, the improvement which comprises the steps of providing an electrolytic apparatus having a plurality of unipolar electrodes made from non-precious metals and further having a solution containing KOH in a concentration which is approximately 2.2% by weight, electrically connecting the electrodes in parallel, supplying a voltage of approximately 2 volts to the parallel electrodes, supplying water to the apparatus without prior distillation thereof, operating the apparatus at ordinary temperatures without the necessity for external cooling thereof, collecting the hydrogen and oxygen produced, and simultaneously precipitating out minerals for subsequent extraction from the apparatus.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The improvement of claim 11, wherein the electrodes are folded and edged.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The improvement of claim 12, wherein the electrodes are symmetrically folded and sharply edged.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-07-03 | 1988-01-02 | 1988-07-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-07-03 | 1992-01-02 | 1992-07-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-07-03 | 1996-01-02 | 1996-07-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |