Patent US4449150A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4449150A
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Method of processing medium tone picture
Assignee: Ricoh Co Ltd
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Filing: 1981-12-29
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Granted: 1984-05-15
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Expires: 2001-12-29
Abstract
Abstract Of a plurality of threshold matrices, one is selected at random for each predetermined number of picture elements of a medium tone picture which is the same as the number of threshold components of the matrix, or at a random time interval. The density levels of the respective picture elements are compared with the corresponding threshold components which constitute the selected matrix, whereby the density level of each output picture element is determined to be black level or white level. The density level of each picture element of a medium tone picture is compared with a threshold value which is a random number generated by a random number generator, thereby determining the density level of an output picture element to be black level or white level. The difference or error in density level between a selected picture element or picture element in question to be compared with a random number and its output picture element is calculated. The resultant error is distributed and added to the density levels of other picture elements which neighbor the picture element in question and are to be processed subsequently, in accordance with specific distribution coefficients. This compensates the density level of each neighboring picture element and thereby avoids excessive dispersion of high frequency components in output pictures, which is critical to high quality picture reproduction.
Inventors
- 👤 Tomokazu Kato
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 12:58
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04N; H04N1/00; H04N1/40; H04N1/405; H04N1/4051; H04N1/4052; H04N1/4053
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of threshold matrices, each matrix having a predetermined number of threshold components arranged in a pattern which is different from each other matrix; (c) dividing the picture elements into a plurality of groups, each group having the same number of picture elements as the threshold components of each matrix; (d) selecting one of the matrices at random and comparing the threshold components of the selected one of the matrices with the corresponding picture elements of one of the groups of picture elements respectively; and (e) determining the density level of each of the picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the picture element is higher than that of the corresponding threshold component and to be a white density level when the density level of the picture element is lower than that of the corresponding threshold component.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
180 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of threshold matrices, each matrix having a predetermined number of threshold components arranged in a pattern which is different from each other matrix; (c) dividing the picture elements into a plurality of groups, each group having the same number of picture elements as the threshold components of each matrix; (d) selecting one of the matrices at random and comparing the threshold components of the selected one of the matrices with the corresponding picture elements of one of the groups of picture elements respectively; and (e) determining the density level of each of the picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the picture element is higher than that of the corresponding threshold component and to be a white density level when the density level of the picture element is lower than that of the corresponding threshold component.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, in which step (a) comprises step (f) of detecting analog density levels of the picture elements of the scanned medium tone picture.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 2, in which step (a) further comprises step (g) of converting the analog density levels into digital density levels respectively.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as claimed in claim 3, in which the converted digital density levels comprise 17 levels.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, in which step (b) provides four threshold matrices.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 5, in which said four matrices are as follows: ##EQU2## where T 1 , T 2 , T 3 and T 4 designate the respective matrices.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising step (f) of storing the threshold matrices provided in step (b).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method as claimed in claim 1, in which step (d) comprises step (f) of providing the same number of random numbers as the threshold matrices provided in step (b).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as claimed in claim 8, in which step (d) further comprises step (g) of selecting at random one of the random numbers provided in step (f).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as claimed in claim 9, in which step (d) further comprises step (h) of selecting one of the matrices corresponding to said one of the random numbers selected in step (g).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 10, in which step (d) further comprises step (i) of storing said one of the matrices selected in step (h).
Claim 13
Independent Claim
352 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of random numbers and selecting one of the random numbers at random; (c) selecting a given picture element; (d) comparing the density level of the given picture element with the selected one of the random numbers; (e) determining the density level of the given picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the given picture element is higher than that of the selected one of the random numbers and to be a white density level when the density level of the given picture element is lower than that of the selected one of the random numbers; (f) picking out a predetermined plurality of picture elements adjacent to the given picture element; (g) calculating a difference between the density level of the given picture element after the density level of the given picture element is compared with the selected one of the random numbers and the density level of the given picture element before the density level of the given picture element is compared with the selected one of the random numbers; (h) providing the same number of coefficients as the adjacent picture elements picked out; (i) multiplying the difference by the respective coefficients to provide a corresponding number of errors; (j) additionally selecting one of the random numbers at random; (k) adding each of the errors to the density level of the corresponding adjacent picture element; (l) comparing the sum of each of the errors and the density level of each of the adjacent picture elements with the additionally selected one of the random numbers; and (m) determining the density level of each of the adjacent picture elements to be a black density level when the sum is greater than the additionally selected one of the random numbers and to be a white density level when the sum is smaller than the additionally selected one of the random numbers.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
352 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of random numbers and selecting one of the random numbers at random; (c) selecting a given picture element; (d) comparing the density level of the given picture element with the selected one of the random numbers; (e) determining the density level of the given picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the given picture element is higher than that of the selected one of the random numbers and to be a white density level when the density level of the given picture element is lower than that of the selected one of the random numbers; (f) picking out a predetermined plurality of picture elements adjacent to the given picture element; (g) calculating a difference between the density level of the given picture element after the density level of the given picture element is compared with the selected one of the random numbers and the density level of the given picture element before the density level of the given picture element is compared with the selected one of the random numbers; (h) providing the same number of coefficients as the adjacent picture elements picked out; (i) multiplying the difference by the respective coefficients to provide a corresponding number of errors; (j) additionally selecting one of the random numbers at random; (k) adding each of the errors to the density level of the corresponding adjacent picture element; (l) comparing the sum of each of the errors and the density level of each of the adjacent picture elements with the additionally selected one of the random numbers; and (m) determining the density level of each of the adjacent picture elements to be a black density level when the sum is greater than the additionally selected one of the random numbers and to be a white density level when the sum is smaller than the additionally selected one of the random numbers.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as claimed in claim 12, in which step (a) comprises step (n) of detecting analog density levels of the picture elements of the scanned medium tone picture.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method as claimed in claim 13, in which step (a) further comprises step (o) of converting the analog density levels into digital density levels respectively.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 14, in which step (a) further comprises step (p) of storing the converted digital density levels.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method as claimed in claim 14, in which when the converted digital density levels are selected to be numerical values 0 to 1 and four coefficients are provided, the sum of the four coefficients lies between 1.0 and 2.5.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 16, in which when the sum of the coefficients is 2.0, the coefficients are selected to be numerical values 0.6, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.4 respectively.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method as claimed in claim 16, in which when the sum of the coefficients is 2.2, the coefficients are selected to be numerical values 0.7, 0.4, 0.7 and 0.4 respectively.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
316 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of threshold matrices, each matrix having a predetermined number of threshold components arranged in a pattern which is different from each other matrix; (c) dividing the picture elements into a plurality of groups, each group having the same number of picture elements, as the threshold components of each matrix; (d) selecting one of the matrices at random and comparing the threshold components of the selected one of the matrices with the corresponding picture elements of one of the groups of picture elements respectively; and (e) determining the density level of each of the picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the picture element is higher than that of the corresponding threshold component and to be a white density level when the density level of the picture element is lower than that of the corresponding threshold component; step (a) further comprising step (f) of detecting analog density levels of the picture elements of the scanned medium tone picture; step (a) further comprising step (g) of converting the analog density levels into digital density levels respectively; the method further comprising step (h) of storing the threshold matrices provided in step (b); step (d) further comprising step (i) of providing the same number of random numbers as the threshold matrices provided in step (b); step (d) further comprising step (j) of selecting at random one of the random numbers provided in step (i); step (d) further comprising step (k) of selecting one of the matrices corresponding to said one of the random numbers selected in step (j); step (d) yet further comprising step (l) of storing said one of the matrices selected in step (k).
Claim 22
Independent Claim
316 words
A method of processing a medium tone picture constituted by a plurality of picture elements comprising the steps of: (a) scanning the medium tone picture and detecting the density levels of the picture elements; (b) providing a plurality of threshold matrices, each matrix having a predetermined number of threshold components arranged in a pattern which is different from each other matrix; (c) dividing the picture elements into a plurality of groups, each group having the same number of picture elements, as the threshold components of each matrix; (d) selecting one of the matrices at random and comparing the threshold components of the selected one of the matrices with the corresponding picture elements of one of the groups of picture elements respectively; and (e) determining the density level of each of the picture element to be a black density level when the density level of the picture element is higher than that of the corresponding threshold component and to be a white density level when the density level of the picture element is lower than that of the corresponding threshold component; step (a) further comprising step (f) of detecting analog density levels of the picture elements of the scanned medium tone picture; step (a) further comprising step (g) of converting the analog density levels into digital density levels respectively; the method further comprising step (h) of storing the threshold matrices provided in step (b); step (d) further comprising step (i) of providing the same number of random numbers as the threshold matrices provided in step (b); step (d) further comprising step (j) of selecting at random one of the random numbers provided in step (i); step (d) further comprising step (k) of selecting one of the matrices corresponding to said one of the random numbers selected in step (j); step (d) yet further comprising step (l) of storing said one of the matrices selected in step (k).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-05-15 | 1987-11-14 | 1988-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-05-15 | 1991-11-14 | 1992-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-05-15 | 1995-11-14 | 1996-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |