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US4445091A
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Method for determining the pH value of deionized water
Assignee: Siemens AG
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Filing: 1981-06-30
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Granted: 1984-04-24
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Expires: 2001-06-30
Abstract
Abstract A method for determining the pH value of deionized cooling water in a system with a main loop and at least one parallel loop in which the electric conductivity of the cooling water in the main loop and the electric conductivity of the cooling water in the parallel loop behind an ion exchanger is measured and the H + ion concentration is derived therefrom.
Inventors
- 👤 Walter Kusebauch
- 👤 Theodor Renner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 10:59
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/02; G01N27/04; G01N27/06; G01N27/08; G01N33/00; G01N33/18; G01N33/1813
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for determining a pH of acidic deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising: diverting a portion of water through an anion exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity, X 1 , of the water before its passage through the exchanger; measuring a second electric conductivity X 4 of the water after its passage through the exchanger; determining a temperature of the water; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , and a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve an equation for the pH, which equation is: ##EQU4## and produce the pH value.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for determining a pH of acidic deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising: diverting a portion of water through an anion exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity, X 1 , of the water before its passage through the exchanger; measuring a second electric conductivity X 4 of the water after its passage through the exchanger; determining a temperature of the water; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , and a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve an equation for the pH, which equation is: ##EQU4## and produce the pH value.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for determining a pH of basic deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising diverting a portion of the water through a cation exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity X 1 of the water before the exchanger; measuring a second electric conductivity X 2 of the water after the exchanger; determining the water temperature; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H and a water ionicity Kw at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution and a table of water ionicity as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve an equation for the pH, which equation is: ##EQU5## and produce the pH value.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
146 words
A method for determining a pH of basic deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising diverting a portion of the water through a cation exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity X 1 of the water before the exchanger; measuring a second electric conductivity X 2 of the water after the exchanger; determining the water temperature; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H and a water ionicity Kw at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution and a table of water ionicity as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve an equation for the pH, which equation is: ##EQU5## and produce the pH value.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
221 words
A method for determining a pH of deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising diverting a first portion of the water through a first cation exchanger loop in parallel with the system; diverting a second portion of the water through a second anion exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity X 1 of the water before its entry into the first and second loops; measuring a second electric conductivity X 2 of the water after it has passed through the cationic exchanger of the first loop; measuring a third electric conductivity X 4 of the water after it has passed through the anionic exchanger of the second loop; determining the water temperature; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H and a water ionicity Kw at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution and a table of water ionicity as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve equations 1 and 2 for pH, ##EQU6## to produce the pH value, said equation 1 being used when the water is basic and said equation 2 being used when the water is acidic.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
221 words
A method for determining a pH of deionized water in a cooling water system for an electrical device comprising diverting a first portion of the water through a first cation exchanger loop in parallel with the system; diverting a second portion of the water through a second anion exchanger loop in parallel with the system; measuring a first electric conductivity X 1 of the water before its entry into the first and second loops; measuring a second electric conductivity X 2 of the water after it has passed through the cationic exchanger of the first loop; measuring a third electric conductivity X 4 of the water after it has passed through the anionic exchanger of the second loop; determining the water temperature; obtaining a mean cation mobility 1 k , a mean anion mobility 1 a , a hydroxide ion mobility 1 OH , a hydrogen ion mobility 1 H and a water ionicity Kw at said temperature by reference to a standard table of ion mobilities in aqueous solution and a table of water ionicity as a function of temperature; and using a computing means to solve equations 1 and 2 for pH, ##EQU6## to produce the pH value, said equation 1 being used when the water is basic and said equation 2 being used when the water is acidic.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
102 words
A method according to claim 3, further comprising determining the general basicity or acidity of the water by adding an amount of aqueous acid or aqueous base to the water which is sufficient to change the electrical conductivity in the system, and observing a rise or fall of the electric conductivity in the system; a rise in conductivity indicating the general acidity or basicity of the system is the same as that of the added acid or base and a fall in conductivity indicating the general acidity or basicity of the system is opposite from that of the added acid or base.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the cations are Na + , Cu +2 , FE +3 , Ni +2 and the anions are HCO 3 - , CO 3 -2 , SO 4 -2 and Cl - .
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
40 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the cations are Na + , Cu +2 , Fe +3 , Ni +2 and the anions are HCO 3 - , CO 3 -2 , SO 4 -2 and Cl - .
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
67 words
A method according to claim 1 wherein the mean cation mobility at 298° K. is 52 mho cm 2 , the mean anion mobility at 298° K. is 62 mho cm 2 , the hydroxide ion mobility at 298° K. is 198.6 mho cm 2 , the hydrogen ion mobility at 298° K. is 349.8 mho cm 2 and the equation is pH=-0.3853-log(X 1 -0.4549X 4 ).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
78 words
A method according to claim 2 wherein the mean cation mobility at 298° K. is 52 mho cm 2 , the mean anion mobility at 298° K. is 62 mho cm 2 , the hydroxide ion mobility at 298° K. is 198.6 mho cm 2 , the hydrogen ion mobility at 298° K. is 349.8 mho cm 2 , the water ionicity at 298° K. is 1.008×10 -14 , and the equation is pH=14.60+log(X 1 -0.2768X 2 ).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3681025A
Cited
US3904365A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-04-24 | 1987-10-24 | 1988-04-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-04-24 | 1991-10-24 | 1992-04-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-04-24 | 1995-10-24 | 1996-04-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |