Abstract There is described a process for producing a novel porous fabric having at least 100,000 surface perforations per square inch by the biaxial stretching at ambient temperatures of a sheet of a composite fiber-film substrate formed by hot calendaring, inter alia, a laminate of a woven or non-woven web of fibers having a residual elongation of at least 40% and a synthetic polymeric film material constituting at least 20% by volume of the composite fiber-film substrate. Stretching of the composite fiber-film substrate is effected by passage through interdigitating grooved rollers having grooves spaced at a distance of less than one millimeter times the web basis weight in grams per square meter with concomitant control of the velocity of introduction of the composite fiber-film substrate into the nip of the grooved rollers to substantially the identical surface velocity of the grooved rollers. Biaxial stretching is effected to at least a stretch ratio such that a web of the fibers and film of the synthetic polymer taken individually and biaxially stretched exhibit a difference of at least 5° in the aqueous contact angle and a difference of at least 5000 psi in the initial tensile modulus. The novel porous fabric is comprised of elongated fibers embedded in a film substrate surface with openings of at least 100,000 perforations per square inch and is useful as a leather substitute, synthetic paper and the like.
A porous fabric comprised of a web of elongated synthetic thermoplastic fibers imbedded in a film of a synthetic polymer, said web of elongated synthetic fibers imbedded in said film of said synthetic polymer being biaxially stretched, said thermoplastic fibers and said synthetic polymer exhibiting a difference in aqueous contact angle of at least 5° and a difference in initial tensile modulus of 5000 psi between a web of said thermoplastic fibers and a film of said synthetic polymer when individually stretched, said porous fabric having surface openings of at least 100,000 perforations per square inch.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
96 words
A porous fabric comprised of a web of elongated synthetic thermoplastic fibers imbedded in a film of a synthetic polymer, said web of elongated synthetic fibers imbedded in said film of said synthetic polymer being biaxially stretched, said thermoplastic fibers and said synthetic polymer exhibiting a difference in aqueous contact angle of at least 5° and a difference in initial tensile modulus of 5000 psi between a web of said thermoplastic fibers and a film of said synthetic polymer when individually stretched, said porous fabric having surface openings of at least 100,000 perforations per square inch.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
50 words
The porous fabric as defined in claim 1 wherein said synthetic polymer is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polymers, thermosetting polymers, thermosetting polymers including inorganic fillers, blends of orientable thermoplastic polymers with an incompatible second phase selected from the group consisting of an incompatible polymer or inorganic material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
The porous fabric as defined in claim 1 wherein the melting point of said synthetic polymer is lower than the melt curing temperature of said thermoplastic fibers.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The porous fabric as defined in claim 1 when said porous fabric is impregnated with a wetting agent.