US4434269A
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Cationic sizing agent for paper and a process for the preparation thereof
Assignee: Bayer AG
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Filing: 1982-02-02
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Granted: 1984-02-28
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Expires: 2002-02-02
Abstract
Abstract Cationic sizing agents for paper in the form of an aqueous colloid-disperse solution having average particle diameters of from 15 to 200 nm are obtained by dissolving a water-soluble cationic, chemically uniformaly composed terpolymer compound of: (a) from 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 4 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile in an aqueous medium, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight and at least 10% of the N,N-dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternized and the rest being protonated, and by emulsifying, in the presence of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the following monomer mixture, of this emulsifier, (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, with (e) C 1 -C 12 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or of methacrylic acid in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, the total of components (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight, and by subjecting the emulsion thus obtained to a radically initiated emulsion polymerization process at temperatures of from 20° to 150° C.
Inventors
- 👤 Joachim Probst
- 👤 G/u/ nter Kolb
- 👤 Peter Mummenhoff
- 👤 Heinz B/a/ umgen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 12:14
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21H; D21H17/00; D21H17/20; D21H17/33; D21H17/34; D21H17/41; D21H17/44; D21H17/45; D21H17/455; C; C08; C08F; C08F2/00; C08F2/12; C08F2/16; C08F2/22; C08F2/24; C08F2/28; C08F220/00; C08F220/02; C08F220/04; C08F220/06; C08F220/42; C08F257/00; C08F257/02; D21H17/35; D21H17/37; D21H17/42; D21H17/43; D21H21/00; D21H21/14; D21H21/16; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/3188; Y10T428/31895; Y10T428/31906
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 8
Claim 1
Independent Claim
196 words
Cationic sizing agents for paper in the form of an aqueous colloid-disperse solution having average particle diameters of from 15 to below 50 nm, said agent being prepared by dissolving a water-soluble cationic, chemically uniformly composed terpolymer compound of: (a) from 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 4 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile in an aqueous medium, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight and at least 10% of the N,N-dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternised and the rest being protonated, and emulsifying in the presence of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the following monomer mixture, of this emulsifier, (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, with (e) C 1 -C 12 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or of methacrylic acid in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, the total of components (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight, and subjecting the emulsion thus obtained to a radically initiated emulsion polymerisation process at temperatures of from 20° to 150° C.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
196 words
Cationic sizing agents for paper in the form of an aqueous colloid-disperse solution having average particle diameters of from 15 to below 50 nm, said agent being prepared by dissolving a water-soluble cationic, chemically uniformly composed terpolymer compound of: (a) from 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 4 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile in an aqueous medium, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight and at least 10% of the N,N-dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternised and the rest being protonated, and emulsifying in the presence of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the following monomer mixture, of this emulsifier, (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, with (e) C 1 -C 12 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or of methacrylic acid in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, the total of components (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight, and subjecting the emulsion thus obtained to a radically initiated emulsion polymerisation process at temperatures of from 20° to 150° C.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
111 words
Sizing agents for paper according to claim 1, comprising the cationic, chemically uniformly composed terpolymer compound consisting of: (a) from 8 to 20% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 5 to 35% by weight of acrylonitrile, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight, and the monomer mixture consisting of (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile in quantities of from 10 to 90% by weight and (e) acrylic acid esters and/or methacrylic acid esters in quantities of from 10 to 90% by weight, the total of components (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
141 words
Sizing agents for paper according to claim 1, comprising using in addition to the polymeric cationic emulsifier according to claim 1, a cationic and/or non-ionic auxiliary emulsifier in quantities of from 1 to 40% by weight, based on the above-mentioned cationic emulsifier, the non-ionogenic emulsifier corresponding to the following formula: R.sub.1 --X--(CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n --H wherein X represents O, NH or COO, R 1 is a higher aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and n is an integer ≧2 and the cationic auxiliary emulsifier corresponding to the following formula: ##STR2## wherein R 2 and R 3 represent higher aliphatic or araliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R 4 and R 5 represent lower aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and Y.sup.⊖ represents a halide ion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
Sizing agents according to claim 1, comprising the weight ratio between the polymeric cationic emulsifier and the monomer mixture of (d) and (e) being from 1:4 to 1:1.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
40 words
Sizing agents according to claim 1, comprising initiating the emulsion polymerisation process by using water-soluble, radical-producing non-ionogenic peroxides and/or azo compounds, optionally as a redox system, in quantities of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the monomer mixture.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
195 words
A process for the preparation of cationic sizing agents, in the form of an aqueous colloid-disperse solution having average particle diameters of from 15 to below 50 nm, comprising dissolving a water-soluble cationic, chemically uniformly composed terpolymer compound of: (a) from 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 4 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile in an aqueous medium, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight and at least 10% of the N,N-dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternised and the rest being protonated, and emulsifying in the presence of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the following monomer mixture, of this emulsifier, (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, with (e) C 1 -C 12 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or of methacrylic acid in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, the total of (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight, and subjecting the emulsion thus obtained to a radically initiated emulsion polymerisation process at temperatures of from 20° to 150° C.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
195 words
A process for the preparation of cationic sizing agents, in the form of an aqueous colloid-disperse solution having average particle diameters of from 15 to below 50 nm, comprising dissolving a water-soluble cationic, chemically uniformly composed terpolymer compound of: (a) from 7 to 40% by weight of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate and/or methacrylate, (b) from 45 to 80% by weight of styrene, and (c) from 4 to 40% by weight of acrylonitrile in an aqueous medium, the total of components (a) to (c) always amounting to 100% by weight and at least 10% of the N,N-dimethylamino groups of the terpolymer being quaternised and the rest being protonated, and emulsifying in the presence of from 10 to 70% by weight, based on the following monomer mixture, of this emulsifier, (d) acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, with (e) C 1 -C 12 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid and/or of methacrylic acid in quantities of from 5 to 95% by weight, the total of (d) and (e) amounting to 100% by weight, and subjecting the emulsion thus obtained to a radically initiated emulsion polymerisation process at temperatures of from 20° to 150° C.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-02-27 | 1987-08-29 | 1988-02-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-02-27 | 1991-08-29 | 1992-02-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-08-29 | 1996-02-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |