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US4434060A
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Removal of heavy metals content
Assignee: Congress Financial Corp Florida
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Filing: 1982-06-04
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Granted: 1984-02-28
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Expires: 2002-06-04
Abstract
Abstract Reducing the heavy metals content of an aqueous composition which includes adding lime to the composition and filtering the composition.
Inventors
- 👤 David C. Altmansberger
- 👤 Christina L. Huss
- 👤 Haans H. Kroger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 16:21
CPC Classifications
C; C22; C22B; C22B23/00; C22B23/04; C22B23/0453; C22B23/0461; B; B01; B01D; B01D37/00; B01D37/02; B01D37/03; C02; C02F; C02F1/00; C02F1/52; C02F1/5236; C22B17/00; C22B17/04; C02F1/001; C02F2101/00; C02F2101/10; C02F2101/20; Y; Y02; Y02P; Y02P10/00; Y02P10/20; Y10; Y10S; Y10S210/00; Y10S210/902; Y10S210/911; Y10S210/912
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
A process for reducing the heavy metals content of an aqueous composition containing heavy metal having an atomic weight of at least 55 and including at least one metal from the group of nickel, cadmium, and cobalt; alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal salts wherein the pH of said aqueous composition is at least about 14 which comprises adding a filter aid to said aqueous composition in an amount of at least about 0.1% by weight based upon the weight of the aqueous composition, and adding lime to the composition in an amount of at least about 0.1% by weight and being sufficient to cause precipitation of said heavy metals and then filtering said composition to thereby reduce the heavy metals content and wherein the amounts of said hydroxide and said salts in the composition after filtering are substantially the same as the initial content thereof prior to filtering.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
149 words
A process for reducing the heavy metals content of an aqueous composition containing heavy metal having an atomic weight of at least 55 and including at least one metal from the group of nickel, cadmium, and cobalt; alkali metal hydroxide and alkali metal salts wherein the pH of said aqueous composition is at least about 14 which comprises adding a filter aid to said aqueous composition in an amount of at least about 0.1% by weight based upon the weight of the aqueous composition, and adding lime to the composition in an amount of at least about 0.1% by weight and being sufficient to cause precipitation of said heavy metals and then filtering said composition to thereby reduce the heavy metals content and wherein the amounts of said hydroxide and said salts in the composition after filtering are substantially the same as the initial content thereof prior to filtering.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the amount of lime employed is at least about 0.5% by weight based upon the weight of the aqueous composition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said filter aid is diatomaceous earth or perlite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 3 wherein said filter aid is at least about 0.5% by weight based upon the weight of the aqueous composition.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said filter aid is diatomaceous earth.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said filtering includes contacting the composition with a filter media in the form of filter leaves containing a coating of filter aid therein and openings of less than about 5 mils.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said coating of filter aid is diatomaceous earth.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the coating of diatomaceous earth is about 0.1 to about 0.3 lbs. on a dry basis of diatomaceous earth per square foot of filter area.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said aqueous composition also contains sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said composition contains up to about 400 ppm of said heavy metal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said composition contains about 1-200 ppm of nickel, about 1-200 ppm of cadmium, about 1-30% by weight of sodium hydroxide, and about 1-30% by weight of sodium nitrate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 wherein each of the heavy metals is reduced to an amount less than 1 ppm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the rate of filtering is about 1/4 to about 1 gallon of aqueous composition per minute per square foot of filter media.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-02-27 | 1987-08-29 | 1988-02-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-02-27 | 1991-08-29 | 1992-02-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-08-29 | 1996-02-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |