US4432889A
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Heterogeneous catalyst
Assignee: Unisearch Ltd
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Filing: 1981-02-06
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Granted: 1984-02-21
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Expires: 2001-02-06
Abstract
Abstract A heterogeneous catalyst formed by the steps of: (a) irradiating an organic macromolecular substrate or a metal substrate with ionizing or U.V. radiation in the presence of a monomer selected from the group comprising o-, m-, or p- styryl diphenyl phosphine or o-, m-, or p- phenyl acrylyl diphenyl phosphine to graft the monomer to the substrate, and (b) reacting the graft copolymer with a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalytic metal salts and catalytic organometallic complexes such that the monomer-substrate conjugate becomes a ligand of the catalyst. These catalysts have particular activity in hydrogenation reactions, hydroformylation reactions, isomerization reactions, cracking reactions and dehydrogenation reactions of organic compounds.
Inventors
- 👤 John L. Garnett
- 👤 Mervyn A. Long
- 👤 Ronald G. Levot
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 07:09
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J31/00; B01J31/16; B01J31/165; B01J31/1658; B01J31/24; B01J31/2404; B01J37/00; B01J37/34; B01J37/341; B01J37/344; B01J37/345; C; C07; C07C; C07C5/00; C07C5/02; C07C5/03; B01J2231/00; B01J2231/30; B01J2231/32; B01J2231/321; B01J2231/50; B01J2231/52; B01J2231/60; B01J2231/64; B01J2231/641; B01J2231/645; B01J2531/00; B01J2531/80; B01J2531/82; B01J2531/821; B01J2531/822; B01J2531/824; B01J2531/825; B01J2531/827; B01J2531/828; C07C2531/00; C07C2531/16; C07C2531/24
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
96 words
A process for the production of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising the steps of: (a) irradiating an organic macromolecular substrate or a metal substrate with ionising or ultra violet radiation in the presence of a monomer selected from the group consisting of o-, m-, or p-styryl diphenyl phosphine and o-, m- or p-phenyl acrylyl diphenyl phosphine, to graft the monomer to the substrate, and (b) reacting the graft copolymer with a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalytic metal salts and catalytic organometallic complexes such that the monomer-substrate conjugate becomes a ligand of the catalyst.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
96 words
A process for the production of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising the steps of: (a) irradiating an organic macromolecular substrate or a metal substrate with ionising or ultra violet radiation in the presence of a monomer selected from the group consisting of o-, m-, or p-styryl diphenyl phosphine and o-, m- or p-phenyl acrylyl diphenyl phosphine, to graft the monomer to the substrate, and (b) reacting the graft copolymer with a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalytic metal salts and catalytic organometallic complexes such that the monomer-substrate conjugate becomes a ligand of the catalyst.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
38 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the catalytic metal salts and organometallic complexes are metal salts and organometallic complexes containing a metal selected from the group consisting of Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium and Platinum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the macromolecular substrate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose and wool.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the metal substrate is selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, aluminium and iron.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the monomer is p-styryl diphenyl phosphine.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the monomer is grafted to the substrate using γ radiation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
39 words
A process as claimed in claim 6 in which the γ radiation is applied in a dose of from 0.01×10 6 rad to 10×10 6 rad at a dose rate of from 0.001×10 6 rad/hr. to 5×10 6 rad/hr.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process as claimed in claim 7 in which the dose is from 0.5×10 6 rad to 5×10 6 rad and the dose rate is from 0.01×10 6 rad/hr. to 0.05×10 6 rad/hr.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process as claimed in claim 1 in which the monomer is grafted to the substrate using U.V. radiation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which the U.V. radiation is equivalent to that applied from a high pressure 90 W mercury lamp for from 1 to 100 hours with the sample distanced 30 cm. from the lamp.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as claimed in claim 9 in which a radical forming sensitiser is present while the monomer and substrate are being irradiated.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process as claimed in claim 11 in which the sensitiser is selected from the group consisting of benzoin ethyl ether or biacetyl.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process as claimed in claim 11 in which the sensitiser is present in an amount of from 0.1% to 5% by volume of the reaction mixture.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process as claimed in any one of claim 1 in which the substrate is macromolecular and in that the irradiation is carried out in a solvent capable of swelling the substrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
60 words
A heterogeneous catalyst comprising an organic macromolecular substrate or a metal substrate having grafted thereon a monomer selected from the group consisting of o-, m- or p-styryl diphenyl phosphine and o-, m-, or p-phenyl acryl diphenyl phosphine, this monomer-substrate conjugate being a ligand of a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalytic metal salts and catalytic organo-metallic complexes.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
60 words
A heterogeneous catalyst comprising an organic macromolecular substrate or a metal substrate having grafted thereon a monomer selected from the group consisting of o-, m- or p-styryl diphenyl phosphine and o-, m-, or p-phenyl acryl diphenyl phosphine, this monomer-substrate conjugate being a ligand of a homogeneous catalyst selected from the group consisting of catalytic metal salts and catalytic organo-metallic complexes.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
A heterogeneous catalyst as claimed in claim 15 in which the catalytic metal salts and organometallic complexes are metal salts and organometallic complexes containing a metal selected from the group consisting of Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium and Platinum.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
28 words
A heterogeneous catalyst as claimed in claim 15 in which the macromolecular substrate is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, cellulose and wool.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
A heterogeneous catalyst as claimed in claim 15 in which the metal substrate is selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, aluminium and iron.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
16 words
A heterogeneous catalyst as claimed in claim 15 in which the monomer is p-styryl diphenyl phosphine.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-02-20 | 1987-08-22 | 1988-02-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-02-20 | 1991-08-22 | 1992-02-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-02-20 | 1995-08-22 | 1996-02-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |