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US4427416A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Processes for extracting oxygen from fluids using immobilized hemoglobin
Assignee: WR Grace and Co Conn
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Filing: 1982-04-27
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Granted: 1984-01-24
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Expires: 2002-04-27
Abstract
Abstract An oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, immobilized in a polymer matrix and a method of recovering dissolved oxygen from fluids utilizing the same.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Bonaventura
- 👤 Celia Bonaventura
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 18:34
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01B; C01B13/00; C01B13/02; C01B13/0229; C01B13/0248; C01B13/0285; C01B13/0259; C01B13/0262; C07; C07K; C07K14/00; C07K14/795; C07K14/805; A; A61; A61K; A61K38/00; C01B2210/00; C01B2210/0043; C01B2210/0046; C01B2210/0062
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of recovering dissolved oxygen from fluids comprising: (1) contacting the fluid containing dissolved oxygen with an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix selected from the group consisting of compounds having urethane linkage, acrylic gels, maleic anhydride containing polymers, epoxy type polymers, glutaronic aldehyde type polymers and mixtures thereof; (2) releasing the oxygen absorbed by the oxygen carrier and recovering said released oxygen; and repeating the steps (1) and (2).
Claim 2
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of recovering dissolved oxygen from fluids comprising: (1) contacting the fluid containing dissolved oxygen with an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix selected from the group consisting of compounds having urethane linkage, acrylic gels, maleic anhydride containing polymers, epoxy type polymers, glutaronic aldehyde type polymers and mixtures thereof; (2) releasing the oxygen absorbed by the oxygen carrier and recovering said released oxygen; and repeating the steps (1) and (2).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said oxygen carrier is hemoglobin, a hemocyanin, a synthetic heme, an organo-metallic compound or a chemically modified hemoglobin or hemocyanin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said oxygen carrier is hemoglobin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix is a hydrophilic acrylate gel.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix is a reactive polymer containing maleic anhydride as one of its constituents.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix is a polyurethane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6, wherein said polyurethane is a foam.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 6, wherein said polyurethane is a gel.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 8, wherein said polyurethane gel is in the form of sized gel particles.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 9, wherein said sized gel particles have a diameter in the range of about 5 to 10 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the release of the absorbed oxygen is effected by drawing a vacuum on the oxygen carrier containing absorbed oxygen.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
61 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the release of the absorbed oxygen is effected by circulating a fluid which brings about oxygen release through the oxygen carrier containing absorbed oxygen; passing said circulating fluid through a tubular bundle of selectively permeable membranes; while maintaining a pressure gradient on said membranes causing transfer of the absorbed oxygen across the selectivity permeable membrane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 2, wherein the release of the absorbed oxygen is effected by oxidizing the hemoglobin or hemocyanin to the methemoglobin or methemocyanin form.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of reducing the methemoglobin or methemocyanin to the oxygen-absorbing form after release of the absorbed oxygen.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting is conducted in a packed bed of said immobilized oxygen carrier.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1, wherein said contacting is conducted in a fluidized bed of said immobilized oxygen carrier.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of recovering dissolved oxygen from fluids comprising the sequential steps of: (1) in a first column containing an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix; contacting the fluid containing dissolved oxygen with said immobilized oxygen carrier; (2) when dissolved oxygen is detected in the effluent from said first column, passing said effluent to a second column containing an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix; (3) when the first column is saturated with oxygen, stopping flow of said fluid to said first column, while continuing to feed said fluid to said second column, and releasing the absorbed oxygen from said first column and recovering the same; (4) when dissolved oxygen is detected in the effluent from said second column, passing said effluent to the first column; (5) when the second column is saturated with oxygen, stopping flow of said fluid to said second column, while continuing to feed said fluid to the first column, and releasing the absorbed oxygen from said second column and recovering the same; and repeating the steps (1)-(5); said polymer matrix being selected from the group consisting of compounds having urethane linkage, acrylic gels, maleic anhydride containing polymers, epoxy type polymers, glutaronic aldehyde type polymers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
224 words
A method of recovering dissolved oxygen from fluids comprising the sequential steps of: (1) in a first column containing an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix; contacting the fluid containing dissolved oxygen with said immobilized oxygen carrier; (2) when dissolved oxygen is detected in the effluent from said first column, passing said effluent to a second column containing an oxygen carrier, capable of reversibly binding and releasing oxygen, which has been immobilized in a polymer matrix; (3) when the first column is saturated with oxygen, stopping flow of said fluid to said first column, while continuing to feed said fluid to said second column, and releasing the absorbed oxygen from said first column and recovering the same; (4) when dissolved oxygen is detected in the effluent from said second column, passing said effluent to the first column; (5) when the second column is saturated with oxygen, stopping flow of said fluid to said second column, while continuing to feed said fluid to the first column, and releasing the absorbed oxygen from said second column and recovering the same; and repeating the steps (1)-(5); said polymer matrix being selected from the group consisting of compounds having urethane linkage, acrylic gels, maleic anhydride containing polymers, epoxy type polymers, glutaronic aldehyde type polymers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 17, wherein said columns are of equal size.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 1 or 17, wherein said fluid is a gas.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 or 17, wherein said fluid is a natural water.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 20, wherein said natural water is seawater.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-23 | 1987-07-25 | 1988-01-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-23 | 1991-07-25 | 1992-01-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-23 | 1995-07-25 | 1996-01-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |