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US4425924A
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Blood velocity measurement in retinal capillaries utilizing the blue field entoptic phenomenon
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1981-09-29
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Granted: 1984-01-17
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Expires: 2001-09-29
Abstract
Abstract A method for determining the speed of leukocytes in retinal capillaries comprises the steps of simulating, by means of a minicomputer system which includes a visual display, the motion of entoptically seen leukocytes in retinal capillaries; observing entoptically the motion of actual leukocytes in the retinal capillaries of the subject's own eye; and comparing the appearances and motions of the visual display and the actual leukocytes. Apparatus for performing such a method comprises a minicomputer, a graphic display, and a display--processor interface.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles E. Riva
- 👤 L. Benno Petrig
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 22:09
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B3/00; A61B3/10; A61B3/12; A61B3/1241; G; G01; G01P; G01P3/00; G01P3/36; G01P5/00; G01P5/18; G01P5/20
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A method for determining the speed of leukocytes in retinal capillaries comprising the steps of: simulating by means of a visual display the appearance and motion of entoptically seen leukocytes in retinal capillaries, observing the entoptic appearance of actual leukocytes in the retinal capillaries of the subject eye, and comparing and matching the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes whereby correspondence of the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes is indicative of the speed of the actual leukocytes.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
82 words
A method for determining the speed of leukocytes in retinal capillaries comprising the steps of: simulating by means of a visual display the appearance and motion of entoptically seen leukocytes in retinal capillaries, observing the entoptic appearance of actual leukocytes in the retinal capillaries of the subject eye, and comparing and matching the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes whereby correspondence of the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes is indicative of the speed of the actual leukocytes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the steps of comparing and matching the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes are performed by looking into an entoptoscope and at the display.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method in accordance with claim 2, wherein the steps of looking into an entoptoscope and at the display are performed by looking alternately with the same eye into an entoptoscope and at the display.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method in accordance with claim 3, wherein the steps of looking into an entoptoscope and at the display are performed by looking with one eye at the entoptoscope and with the other eye at the display.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 4, wherein the entoptoscope and the display are looked at simultaneously.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 4 wherein the entoptoscope and the display are looked at alternately.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, further including the step of selectively varying the speed of the simulated leukocytes provided by the display.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 7, wherein the step of selectively varying the speed of the simulated leukocytes is so performed as to vary the maximum and minimum speeds of the simulated leukocytes.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, further including the step of selectively varying the number of the simulated leukocytes provided by the display.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, further including the step of selectively varying the speed and number of the simulated leukocytes provided by the display so that the appearance of the display can be selectively altered to approximate the appearance of the actual leukocytes.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method in accordance with claim 10, wherein the steps of comparing and matching the appearances of the display and the actual leukocytes are performed by looking alternately with the same eye into an entoptoscope and at the display.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method in accordance with claim 10, wherein the steps of comparing and matching are performed by looking with one eye at the entoptoscope and with the other eye at the display.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 12, wherein the entoptoscope and the display are looked at simultaneously.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 12, wherein the entoptoscope and the display are looked at alternately.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method in accordance with claim 10, wherein the step of simulating the appearance of entoptically seen leukocytes includes the further step of providing pulsatile velocities for the simulated leukocytes, the pulsatile velocities having a wave form and phase of oscillation corresponding to a normalized blood pressure wave recorded from the subject.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein said step of simulating the appearance and motion of entoptically seen leukocytes comprises the further step of observing the display under blue illumination.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method in accordance with claim 15, wherein the step of providing pulsatile velocities for the simulated leukocytes comprises sensing and recording of a blood pressure wave from the subject.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-16 | 1987-07-18 | 1988-01-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-16 | 1991-07-18 | 1992-01-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-16 | 1995-07-18 | 1996-01-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |