Patent US4422908A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4422908A
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Zinc plating
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1981-11-23
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Granted: 1983-12-27
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Expires: 2001-11-23
Abstract
Abstract A process of plating zinc is disclosed using a plating solution containing from 20 to 35 grams per liter of zinc ions; from 55 to 150 grams per liter of sulfamate ions; from 15 to 30 grams per liter of boric acid; from 15 to 45 grams per liter of sodium chloride or potassium chloride; from 0.6 to 3.0 grams per liter of an alkali metal benzoate, cinnamate, nicotinate, or 2-furylacrylate; from 0.5 to 1.1 grams per liter of a sulfonated fixed oil such as sulfonated caster oil, from 0.1 to 0.4 gram per liter of benzalacetone, furfuryl acetone, furfuryl crotonaldehyde or furfuryl acetonylacetone; and from 1.0 to 15 grams per liter of a polyether surfactant while maintaining the pH of the solution at from 4.0 to 5.5.
Inventors
- 👤 Charles W. Welch
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 07:48
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
140 words
A process for producing zinc electrodeposits which comprises passing current from a zinc anode to a metal cathode wherein the current is passed through an acidic aqueous bath having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 5.5, containing from 20 to 35 grams per liter of zinc ions; from 55 to 155 grams per liter of sulfamate ions; from 15 to 30 grams per liter of boric acid; from 15 to 45 grams per liter of sodium chloride or potassium chloride; from 0.6 to 3.0 grams per liter of an organic salt which is an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid complexing agent; from 0.1 to 0.4 grams per liter of aromatic carbonyl compound, from 0.5 to 1.1 grams per liter of a sulfonated fixed oil, and from 1.0 to 15 grams per liter of a polyether surfactant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
140 words
A process for producing zinc electrodeposits which comprises passing current from a zinc anode to a metal cathode wherein the current is passed through an acidic aqueous bath having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 5.5, containing from 20 to 35 grams per liter of zinc ions; from 55 to 155 grams per liter of sulfamate ions; from 15 to 30 grams per liter of boric acid; from 15 to 45 grams per liter of sodium chloride or potassium chloride; from 0.6 to 3.0 grams per liter of an organic salt which is an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid complexing agent; from 0.1 to 0.4 grams per liter of aromatic carbonyl compound, from 0.5 to 1.1 grams per liter of a sulfonated fixed oil, and from 1.0 to 15 grams per liter of a polyether surfactant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the organic salt is an alkali metal benzoate, cinnamate, nicotinate, or 2-furylacrylate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the aromatic carbonyl compound is benzalacetone, furfuryl acetone furfuryl crotonaldehyde or furfuryl acetonylacetone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the sulfonated fixed oil is sulfonated castor oil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the aromatic carbonyl compound is benzylacetone.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 5 wherein the polyether surfactant has a molecular weight of from 700 to 2000.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 6 wherein the polyether surfactant is a polyoxyethylene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the organic salt is sodium benzoate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
79 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the bath contains about 26 grams per liter of zinc ions, about 90 grams per liter of sulfamate ions, about 25 grams per liter of boric acid, about 30 grams per liter of sodium chloride, 2 grams per liter of sodium benzoate, about 0.9 gram per liter of sulfonated castor oil, about 0.2 gram per liter of benzalacetone, about 3.3 grams per liter of polyoxyethylene surfactant and has a pH of about 4.6.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
126 words
An acidic aqueous plating solution having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 5.5, comprising from 20 to 35 grams per liter of zinc ions; from 55 to 155 grams per liter of sulfamate ions; from 15 to 30 grams per liter of boric acid; from 15 to 45 grams per liter of sodium chloride or potassium chloride; from 0.6 to 3.0 grams per liter of an organic salt which is an alkali metal benzoate, cinnamate, nicotinate or 2-furylacrylate; from 0.1 to 0.4 gram per liter of an aromatic carbonyl compound which is benzalacetone, furfuryl acetone, furfuryl crotonaldehyde or furfuryl acetonylacetone, from 0.5 to 1.1 grams per liter of a sulfonated fixed oil, and from 1.0 to 15 grams per liter of a polyether surfactant.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
126 words
An acidic aqueous plating solution having a pH of from about 4.0 to about 5.5, comprising from 20 to 35 grams per liter of zinc ions; from 55 to 155 grams per liter of sulfamate ions; from 15 to 30 grams per liter of boric acid; from 15 to 45 grams per liter of sodium chloride or potassium chloride; from 0.6 to 3.0 grams per liter of an organic salt which is an alkali metal benzoate, cinnamate, nicotinate or 2-furylacrylate; from 0.1 to 0.4 gram per liter of an aromatic carbonyl compound which is benzalacetone, furfuryl acetone, furfuryl crotonaldehyde or furfuryl acetonylacetone, from 0.5 to 1.1 grams per liter of a sulfonated fixed oil, and from 1.0 to 15 grams per liter of a polyether surfactant.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The solution of claim 10 wherein the sulfonated fixed oil is sulfonated castor oil.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The solution of claim 11 wherein the aromatic carbonyl compound is benzylacetone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
18 words
The solution of claim 12 wherein the polyether surfactant has a molecular weight of from 700 to 2000.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The solution of claim 13 wherein the polyether surfactant is a polyoxyethylene.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The solution of claim 14 wherein the organic salt is sodium benzoate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
80 words
The solution of claim 15 wherein the solution contains about 26 grams per liter of zinc ions, about 90 grams per liter of sulfamate ions, about 25 grams per liter of boric acid, about 30 grams per liter of sodium chloride, about 2 grams per liter of sodium benzoate, about 0.9 gram per liter of sulfonated castor oil, about 0.2 gram per liter of benzalacetone, about 3.3 grams per liter of polyoxyethylene surfactant and has a pH of about 4.6.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-12-26 | 1987-06-27 | 1987-12-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-12-26 | 1991-06-27 | 1991-12-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-12-26 | 1995-06-27 | 1995-12-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |