Patent US4416274A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4416274A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Ion mobility limiting iontophoretic bioelectrode
Assignee: JMW, ACQUISITION CO. A CORP. OF UT
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Filing: 1981-02-23
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Granted: 1983-11-22
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Expires: 2001-02-23
Abstract
Abstract A bioelectrode for use in the iontophoretic delivery of ions into the skin or tissue of a person includes either a receptacle or a composition of material suitable for holding ions to be delivered, a metallic foil disposed on one side of the receptacle or composition of matter, and a coupling device for electrically coupling the foil to an electrical source. The other side of the receptacle or composition of material is for placement against a person's skin or tissue so that ions may be delivered thereinto. The receptacle or composition of material both include features or characteristics which inhibit the migration of ions laterally therein, i.e., in a direction generally parallel to the surface of the skin or tissue, but which allow migration in a direction generally perpendicular to the surface of the skin or tissue, and in particular from the metal foil toward the person's skin or tissue. The advantage of this capability is to provide a substantially uniform movement of ions into the skin or tissue over surface area of contact of the bioelectrode with the skin.
Inventors
- 👤 Stephen C. Jacobsen
- 👤 Richard D. Luntz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:30
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61N; A61N1/00; A61N1/02; A61N1/04; A61N1/0404; A61N1/0408; A61N1/0428; A61N1/0448
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A bioelectrode for use in the iontophoretic delivery of ions into the skin or tissue of a person comprising means holding ions to be delivered, one side of which is for placement against the person's skin or tissue, said holding means being adapted to inhibit movement of ions in a direction generally parallel to the surface of the skin or tissue, an electrically conductive sheet of material disposed at a substantial portion of the other side of said holding means, and means for coupling said sheet of material to an electrical source.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A bioelectrode for use in the iontophoretic delivery of ions into the skin or tissue of a person comprising means holding ions to be delivered, one side of which is for placement against the person's skin or tissue, said holding means being adapted to inhibit movement of ions in a direction generally parallel to the surface of the skin or tissue, an electrically conductive sheet of material disposed at a substantial portion of the other side of said holding means, and means for coupling said sheet of material to an electrical source.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
26 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 1 wherein said holding means comprises an ion mobility inhibiting gel layer having a thickness-to-width ratio of about 0.1 or less.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 2 wherein said gel layer is composed of a polysacharide gel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 2 wherein said gel layer is composed of Karaya gum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 2 further including a removable sheet of material covering said one side of the gel layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 2 wherein said sheet of material is a flexible metal or metal-alloy foil.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 2 wherein said gel layer includes a phosphate buffer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 7 wherein the ph of said gel layer is about six.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
36 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 1 wherein said holding means comprises a receptacle having ion impermeable walls arranged to generally prevent migration of ions in a direction parallel to the surface of the skin or tissue.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
52 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 9 wherein said walls are formed generally perpendicular to said one side of the receptacle to define a multiplicity of compartments therein, said compartments thereby allowing migration of ions from the other side of said receptacle to said one side but preventing migration laterally of the walls.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
49 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 9 wherein said walls are formed generally perpendicular to said one side of the receptacle and in a spiral configuration to thereby allow migration of ions from the other side of said receptacle to said one side but prevent migration laterally of the walls.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
49 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 9 wherein said walls are formed generally perpendicular to said one side of the receptacle and in generally concentric rings to thereby allow migration of ions from the other side of said receptacle to said one side but prevent migration laterally of the walls.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
46 words
A bioelectrode as in claim 1 wherein said coupling means comprises the male part of a snap having a nipple which projects from the upper surface of said holding means, and a base portion joined to the nipple and electrically coupled to said sheet of material.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-11-21 | 1987-05-23 | 1987-11-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-11-21 | 1991-05-23 | 1991-11-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-11-21 | 1995-05-23 | 1995-11-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |