Patent US4398505A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4398505A
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Diesel fuel composition
Assignee: Ethyl Corp
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Filing: 1981-10-22
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Granted: 1983-08-16
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Expires: 2001-10-22
Abstract
Abstract N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxides are highly effective ignition improvers for diesel fuels.
Inventors
- 👤 Paul J. Cahill
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:46
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/22; C10L1/232; F; F02; F02B; F02B47/00; F02B3/00; F02B3/06; Y; Y02; Y02T; Y02T10/00; Y02T10/10; Y02T10/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
39 words
A diesel fuel composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel of diesel fuel boiling range in combination with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.3 to about 2 weight percent of said composition.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
39 words
A diesel fuel composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel of diesel fuel boiling range in combination with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.3 to about 2 weight percent of said composition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
136 words
A diesel fuel composition comprising a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel of diesel fuel boiling range in combination with a minor amount of an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase the cetane number of said liquid hydrocarbon fuel.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
136 words
A diesel fuel composition comprising a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel of diesel fuel boiling range in combination with a minor amount of an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase the cetane number of said liquid hydrocarbon fuel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
53 words
A composition as set forth in claim 2 wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkyl and tertiary aminoalkyl of from 4 to 10 carbon atoms with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composition as set forth in claim 3 wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.01 to about 5 percent by weight of said composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as set forth in claim 4 wherein said nitroxide is di-tert-butylnitroxide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as set forth in claim 4 wherein said nitroxide is 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as set forth in claim 4 wherein said nitroxide is 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
125 words
A method for increasing the cetane number of a liquid hydrocarbon diesel fuel which comprises mixing said fuel with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase said cetane number.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
125 words
A method for increasing the cetane number of a liquid hydrocarbon diesel fuel which comprises mixing said fuel with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase said cetane number.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
53 words
A method as set forth in claim 8 wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkyl and tertiary aminoalkyl of from 4 to 10 carbon atoms with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as set forth in claim 9 wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.01 to about 5 percent by weight of said mixture.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said nitroxide is di-tert-butylnitroxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said nitroxide is 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 10 wherein said nitroxide is 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of operating a compression ignition engine which comprises combusting in said engine a composition which comprises a liquid hydrocarbon fuel in combination with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.3 to about 2 weight percent of said composition.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
47 words
A method of operating a compression ignition engine which comprises combusting in said engine a composition which comprises a liquid hydrocarbon fuel in combination with an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.3 to about 2 weight percent of said composition.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
144 words
A method of operating a compression ignition engine which comprises combusting in said engine a composition which comprises a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel in combination with a minor amount of an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase the cetane number of said liquid hydrocarbon fuel.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
144 words
A method of operating a compression ignition engine which comprises combusting in said engine a composition which comprises a major proportion of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel in combination with a minor amount of an N,N-disubstituted organic nitroxide of the formula: ##STR4## wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl of from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and CR 3 R 4 R 5 wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each contain from 1 to 15 carbon atoms and are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, alkoxyhydrocarbyl, carboxyhydrocarbyl, carboalkoxyhydrocarbyl and cyanohydrocarbyl with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring, and wherein the amount of said nitroxide is effective to increase the cetane number of said liquid hydrocarbon fuel.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
53 words
A method as set forth in claim 15 wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of tertiary alkyl and tertiary aminoalkyl of from 4 to 10 carbon atoms with the proviso that R 1 and R 2 can be joined to form a 5- or 6-membered ring.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as set forth in claim 16 wherein the amount of said nitroxide is from about 0.01 to about 5 percent by weight of said composition.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 17 wherein said nitroxide is di-tert-butylnitroxide.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 17 wherein said nitroxide is 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as set forth in claim 17 wherein said nitroxide is 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-15 | 1987-02-14 | 1987-08-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-15 | 1991-02-14 | 1991-08-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-15 | 1995-02-14 | 1995-08-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |