US4397742A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Composition and method combining fluidized bed residue with scrubber sludge
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1980-11-05
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Granted: 1983-08-09
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Expires: 2000-11-05
Abstract
Abstract A method of treating scrubber sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce SO x content in the treated gas, is provided. The method comprises collecting the spent residue from a fluidized combustion bed of the type wherein lime or calcium carbonate particles are suspended in a fluidized medium and wherein a carbonaceous fuel is ignited proximate said fluidized medium to absorb therein substantial amounts of SO x which is generated upon ignition of said carbonaceous fuel. The fluidized bed combustion residue is then subjected to a separating treatment wherein a slurry of residue is mechanically agitated. The supernatant liquor from the slurry is separated therefrom, leaving a precipitate material which latter material is mixed with sludge. The novel composition comprises a combination of scrubber sludge and fluidized bed combustion residue precipitate, as above mentioned.
Inventors
- 👤 L. John Minnick
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 19:14
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/46; B01D53/48; B01D53/50; B01D53/501; C; C02; C02F; C02F11/00; C02F11/12; C04; C04B; C04B18/00; C04B18/04; C04B18/06; C04B18/062; Y; Y02; Y02W; Y02W30/00; Y02W30/50; Y02W30/91; Y10; Y10S; Y10S106/00; Y10S106/01; Y10S264/00; Y10S264/49
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 34
Claim 1
Independent Claim
189 words
In a method of treating sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce SO x content in the treated gas, wherein x is 2 or 3, the improvement which comprises: a. collecting residue from a fluidized combustion bed of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium, and wherein carbonaceous fuel is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein a substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of said carbonaceous fuel, thereby producing a fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; b. forming an aqueous slurry with said collected fluidized bed residue with mechanical agitation to produce lime contained in an aqueous suspension and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite, and separating substantial amounts of the aqueous lime suspension from said precipitate material; and c. mixing the precipitate material with waste scrubber sludge in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
189 words
In a method of treating sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce SO x content in the treated gas, wherein x is 2 or 3, the improvement which comprises: a. collecting residue from a fluidized combustion bed of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium, and wherein carbonaceous fuel is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein a substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of said carbonaceous fuel, thereby producing a fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; b. forming an aqueous slurry with said collected fluidized bed residue with mechanical agitation to produce lime contained in an aqueous suspension and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite, and separating substantial amounts of the aqueous lime suspension from said precipitate material; and c. mixing the precipitate material with waste scrubber sludge in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
Method as defined in claim 1, wherein said separating step comprises mixing said collected residue with water and separating the aqueous lime suspension as a supernatant liquor from the solid residue precipitate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
49 words
Method as defined in claim 2 further comprising the step of taking the separated supernatant liquor and injecting it into a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to remove substantial amounts of SO x from the gas treated therein, and washing said created gas with said supernatant liquor.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
24 words
Method as defined in claim 1 comprising mixing about 1 part by weight of sludge with about 1 part by weight of said precipitate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
Method as defined in claim 1 comprising mixing about 1 part by weight of said precipitate with about 2 parts by weight of said sludge.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
Method as defined in claim 1 further comprising adding fly ash to the precipitate-sludge mix, the amount by weight, of precipitate, fly ash, and sludge in the mix being presented in the ratio 1:1:1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
33 words
Method as defined in claim 1 further comprising adding fly ash to the precipitate-sludge mix, the proportions, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge being present in the ratio of 1:1:2.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
Method as defined in claim 1 comprising the step of dewatering the precipitate-sludge mixture subsequent to said step (c).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
160 words
Composition comprising a mixture of (a) scrubber sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce the SO x content of the waste gas treated therein, wherein x is 2 or 3, and (b) a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite formed by separating the precipitate from an agitated aqueous slurry of fluidized bed combustion residue of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium, and wherein carbonaceous fuel is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of the carbonaceous fuel, thereby producing said fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; which ingredients (a) and (b) are mixed in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 parts by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
160 words
Composition comprising a mixture of (a) scrubber sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce the SO x content of the waste gas treated therein, wherein x is 2 or 3, and (b) a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite formed by separating the precipitate from an agitated aqueous slurry of fluidized bed combustion residue of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium, and wherein carbonaceous fuel is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of the carbonaceous fuel, thereby producing said fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; which ingredients (a) and (b) are mixed in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 parts by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
10 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 further comprising fly ash.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of said precipitate to said scrubber sludge is about 1:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 wherein the proportion of precipitate to sludge, by weight, is about 1:2.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
25 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge is on the order of 1:1:1.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge is on the order of 1:1:2.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
29 words
Composition as defined in claim 9 wherein said precipitate material consists essentially of the oxides of silicon, iron, aluminum and magnesium, and calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
183 words
In a method of treating sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce SO x content in the treated gas, wherein x is 2 or 3, the improvement which comprises: a. collecting residue from a fluidized combustion bed of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium and wherein coal is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein substantial amount of said SO x which is generated upon ignition of said coal, thereby producing a fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; b. forming an aqueous slurry with said collected fluidized bed residue with mechanical agitation to produce an aqueous lime component and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite, and separating substantial amounts of the lime component from said precipitate material; and c. mixing the precipitate material with waste scrubber sludge in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
183 words
In a method of treating sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce SO x content in the treated gas, wherein x is 2 or 3, the improvement which comprises: a. collecting residue from a fluidized combustion bed of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium and wherein coal is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein substantial amount of said SO x which is generated upon ignition of said coal, thereby producing a fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; b. forming an aqueous slurry with said collected fluidized bed residue with mechanical agitation to produce an aqueous lime component and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrite, and separating substantial amounts of the lime component from said precipitate material; and c. mixing the precipitate material with waste scrubber sludge in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
28 words
Method as defined in claim 16, wherein said separating step comprises mixing said collected residue with an aqueous medium, and separating the aqueous lime component as a supernatant.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
43 words
Method as defined in claim 17 further comprising the step of injecting the supernatant into a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to remove substantial amounts of SO x from the gas treated therein, and washing said treated gas with said supernatant.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
Method as defined in claim 16 wherein about 1 part by weight of said sludge is mixed in step (c) with about 1 part by weight of said precipitate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
Method as defined in claim 16 wherein about 1 part by weight of said precipitate is mixed in step (c) with about 2 parts by weight of said sludge.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
36 words
Method as defined in claim 16 further comprising the step of adding fly ash to the precipitate-sludge mix, the amount by weight, of precipitate, fly ash, and sludge in the mix being in the ratio 1:1:1.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
35 words
Method as defined in claim 16 further comprising the step of adding fly ash to the precipitate-sludge mix, the proportions, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge being in the ratio of 1:1:2.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
Method as defined in claim 16 comprising the step of dewatering the precipitate-sludge mixture subsequent to said step (c).
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
169 words
Composition comprising the combination of scrubber sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce the SO x content of the waste gas treated therein, wherein x is 2 or 3, and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrate, said precipitate material being formed by separating the precipitate from an agitated aqueous slurry of fluidized bed combustion residue of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium and wherein coal is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein a substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of the coal, thereby producing said fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; and wherein said scrubber sludge and said precipitate material are mixed in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge prior to dewatering said sludge.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
169 words
Composition comprising the combination of scrubber sludge removed from a gas scrubbing apparatus of the type adapted to reduce the SO x content of the waste gas treated therein, wherein x is 2 or 3, and a precipitate material containing calcium sulfate anhydrate, said precipitate material being formed by separating the precipitate from an agitated aqueous slurry of fluidized bed combustion residue of the type wherein lime or limestone particles are suspended in a fluidized medium and wherein coal is subjected to combustion in a combustion bed operated at a temperature below about 1600° F. proximate said fluidized medium to capture therein a substantial amount of the SO x which is generated upon combustion of the coal, thereby producing said fluidized bed combustion residue comprising mostly crystalline compounds in contrast to amorphous compounds produced in conventional high temperature combustion processes; and wherein said scrubber sludge and said precipitate material are mixed in a ratio of 1:1-1:2 by weight of precipitate to weight of sludge prior to dewatering said sludge.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
10 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 further comprising fly ash.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of said precipitate to said scrubber sludge is about 1:1.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
18 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 wherein the proportion of precipitate to sludge, by weight, is about 1:2.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge is on the order of 1:1:1.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 wherein the relative proportion, by weight, of the precipitate, fly ash and sludge is on the order of 1:1:2.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
29 words
Composition as defined in claim 24 wherein said precipitate material consists essentially of the oxides of silicon, iron, aluminum and magnesium, and calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and calcium hydroxide.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-08 | 1987-02-07 | 1987-08-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-08 | 1991-02-07 | 1991-08-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |