US4374013A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Oxygen stabilized enzyme electrode
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1981-03-03
•
Granted: 1983-02-15
•
Expires: 2001-03-03
Abstract
Abstract An enzyme electrode based on an oxygen electrode and an oxygen consuming enzyme is described. The oxygen demand of the electrode is satisfied through an electrolytical oxygen production by means of an anode located close to the enzyme and the sensitive surface of the oxygen electrode. The deviation from a reference value, which could be constant or be formed by the signal from an enzymatically passive oxygen electrode, of the oxygen electrode signal, is used to control the electrolysis current in order to keep the oxygen activity in the enzyme electrode constant. The electrolysis current is used as a measure of the concentration of the substrate of the enzyme.
Inventors
- 👤 Sven-Olof Enfors
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 17:55
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/005; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
137 words
Enzyme electrode for the analysis of a substrate in a sample comprising: (a) an oxygen electrode on which or close to the sensitive surface of which at least one enzyme is immobilized, said oxygen electrode producing a signal responsive to the consumption of oxygen by the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate, (b) means for producing a reference signal, (c) means for electrolytically producing oxygen by the electrolysis of water, comprising an anode located close to the at least one enzyme, and a cathode, (d) means for controlling the electrolysis current between the anode and cathode for producing oxygen in response to the difference between the signal from the oxygen electrode and the reference signal so that the limiting parameter for the enzyme reaction is the enzyme activity, and (e) means for measuring the electrolysis current.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
137 words
Enzyme electrode for the analysis of a substrate in a sample comprising: (a) an oxygen electrode on which or close to the sensitive surface of which at least one enzyme is immobilized, said oxygen electrode producing a signal responsive to the consumption of oxygen by the reaction between the enzyme and the substrate, (b) means for producing a reference signal, (c) means for electrolytically producing oxygen by the electrolysis of water, comprising an anode located close to the at least one enzyme, and a cathode, (d) means for controlling the electrolysis current between the anode and cathode for producing oxygen in response to the difference between the signal from the oxygen electrode and the reference signal so that the limiting parameter for the enzyme reaction is the enzyme activity, and (e) means for measuring the electrolysis current.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein said at least one enzyme is immobilized on said electrolysis anode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 2 wherein the electrolysis anode is in contact with a gas permeable membrane of said oxygen electrode.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
46 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 3 wherein the electrolysis anode, the at least one immobilized enzyme, and the oxygen electrode are within a tube, said tube having a membrane which is permeable to said substrate, said electrolysis cathode being in electrolytical contact with the sample.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
17 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 4 wherein the electrolysis cathode is located outside of the tube.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for controlling the electrolysis current comprises an amplifier for amplifying the difference in said signals, a PI regulator for the amplified signal, and a current regulator.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means for producing the reference signal is another oxygen electrode which is in said sample.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the reference signal is of constant value.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1, 7, or 8 wherein the enzyme at least partly consists of an oxidase or an oxygenase.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
36 words
Enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 5 wherein said means for controlling the electrolysis current maintains a constant oxygen activity in the enzyme, the electrolysis current being controlled so as to reduce said difference towards zero.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-08-16 | 1987-02-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-02-14 | 1990-08-16 | 1991-02-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-02-14 | 1994-08-16 | 1995-02-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |