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US4369105A
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Substituted cobalt oxide spinels
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1981-03-25
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Granted: 1983-01-18
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Expires: 2001-03-25
Abstract
Abstract Electroconductive substrates are coated with an interface layer and then with cobalt oxide spinels conforming substantially to the empirical formula M.sub.x Z.sub.y Co.sub.3-(x+y) O.sub.4 where M represents at least one metal from the Groups IB, IIA, IIB, where Z represents at least one metal from Group IA where x is equal to or greater than zero but not greater than 1, where y is equal to or greater than zero but not greater than 0.5, and where (x plus 2y) is equal to or greater than zero but not greater than 1. The composites are prepared by thermally oxidizing metal oxide precursors in-situ on the substrate, including, optionally, modifier metal oxide materials as a separate dispersed phase in the contiguous spinel structure. The interface layer comprises at least one oxide of Pb, Sn, Sb, Al, In, or mixtures of these.
Inventors
- 👤 Donald L. Caldwell
- 👤 Mark J. Hazelrigg, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 02:19
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25B; C25B11/00; C25B11/04; C25B11/051; C25B11/073; C25B11/075; C25B11/077; C25B11/0771
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
166 words
An electrically-conductive composite comprising an electrically-conductive substrate, an interface coating, and a monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel outer coating, said interface coating comprising a layer of at least one metal oxide of the group consisting of lead oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, aluminum oxide, and indium oxide, said monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel comprising at least one substituted cobalt oxide spinel conforming substantially to the empirical formula M x Z y Co 3- (x+y) O 4 , where M is at least one metal of the Groups IB, IIA, and IIB, where Z is at least one metal of Group IA, where x is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 1, where y is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 0.5, where (x+2y) is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 1, and where the amounts of M, Z, and Co are sufficient to substantially satisfy the valence requirements of oxygen in the spinel structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
166 words
An electrically-conductive composite comprising an electrically-conductive substrate, an interface coating, and a monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel outer coating, said interface coating comprising a layer of at least one metal oxide of the group consisting of lead oxide, tin oxide, antimony oxide, aluminum oxide, and indium oxide, said monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel comprising at least one substituted cobalt oxide spinel conforming substantially to the empirical formula M x Z y Co 3- (x+y) O 4 , where M is at least one metal of the Groups IB, IIA, and IIB, where Z is at least one metal of Group IA, where x is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 1, where y is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 0.5, where (x+2y) is greater than or equal to zero, but not greater than 1, and where the amounts of M, Z, and Co are sufficient to substantially satisfy the valence requirements of oxygen in the spinel structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises a valve metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, tantalium, zirconium, molybdenum, niobium, tungsten, hafnium, and vanadium and alloys thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the substrate comprises titanium or alloys thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the composite comprises an electrode material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the composite comprises an anode material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the composite comprises an anode in a brine electrolysis cell.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein M represents one metal, Z represents one metal and (x+2y) equals a value in the range of about 0.5 to about 1.0.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein M represents two metals and y is zero.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite of claim 1 where Z represents one metal and x is zero.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composite of claim 1 where Z represents two metals and x is zero.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the polymetal cobalt spinel is substantially represented by the empirical formula ZnCo 2 O 4 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the polymetal cobalt spinel is substantially represented by the empirical formula Li 0 .5 Co 2 .5 O 4 .
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
50 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the coating of monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel contains dispersed therein up to about 50%, on a metal-to-metal molar basis, of at least one modifier selected from the oxides of metals of Groups IIIB, IV-B, V-B, VI-B, VII-B, III-A, IV-A, V-A, Lanthanides, and actinides.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the coating of monometal or polymetal cobalt spinel contains dispersed therein up to about 50%, on a metal-to-metal molar basis, a modifier metal oxide comprising ZrO 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the polymetal cobalt spinel coating comprises ZnCo 2 O 4 containing dispersed therein a minor amount of a modifier metal oxide comprising ZrO 2 .
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the interface coating comprises tin oxide, indium oxide, a mixture of tin oxide and antimony oxide, or a mixture of indium oxide and antimony oxide.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
42 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the interface coating comprises a mixture of indium oxide and antimony oxide and the spinel coating comprises ZnCo 2 O 4 containing dispersed therein a minor amount of a modifier metal oxide comprising ZrO 2 .
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composite of claim 17 wherein the composite is an anode in a brine electrolysis cell.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composite of claim 17 wherein the composite is an anode material in an electrolytic chloralkali cell.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composite of claim 1 wherein the composite is an electrode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4125449A
Cited
US4061549A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-07-19 | 1987-01-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-07-19 | 1991-01-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-01-17 | 1994-07-19 | 1995-01-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |