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US4361620A
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Total energy exchange medium and method of making the same
Assignee: Atrium Windows and Doors Inc
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Filing: 1971-04-20
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Granted: 1982-11-30
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Expires: 1991-04-20
Abstract
Abstract Total heat energy exchange medium incorporated in an energy exchange device for transferring heat and moisture between two airstreams in an air supply system. The exchange medium is aluminum having a coating of hydrated calcium and aluminum oxides or hydroxides to render its heat transfer surfaces capable of exchanging latent as well as sensible heat energy. The coating is formed by exposing precleaned aluminum to a heated, preferably boiling solution of water-soluble calcium and aluminum compounds, preferably equal parts of hydrated calcium nitrate and hydrated aluminum nitrate, the pH of the solution having been brought to the range of from about 7 to 11, preferably pH=8 to 9, by adding sodium hydroxide which produces in the solution a mixed gelatinous precipitate of hydrated calcium and aluminum oxides and hydroxides. When the aluminum is exposed to this solution, as by immersing the aluminum therein, further reaction with the aluminum forms a conversion coating portion comprising an hydrated calcium aluminate immediately next to the aluminum surface which, in turn, secures the insoluble gel-like precipitate coating portion of hydrated calcium and aluminum oxides or hydroxides thereto.
Inventors
- 👤 Emerson H. Newton
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 18:32
CPC Classifications
F; F28; F28D; F28D19/00; F28D19/04; F28D19/041; F28D19/042; F24; F24F; F24F3/00; F24F3/12; F24F3/14; F24F3/1411; F24F3/1423; F24F2203/00; F24F2203/10; F24F2203/1012; F24F2203/1032; F24F2203/1036; F24F2203/104; F24F2203/1048; F24F2203/1068; F24F2203/108; F24F2203/1084; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/27; Y10T428/273
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
29 words
A total energy exchange medium comprising aluminum having an adherent moisture-absorbing coating thereon, said coating having a dual structure and comprising hydroxides or hydrated oxides of calcium and aluminum.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
29 words
A total energy exchange medium comprising aluminum having an adherent moisture-absorbing coating thereon, said coating having a dual structure and comprising hydroxides or hydrated oxides of calcium and aluminum.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
30 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 1, wherein said coating comprises a conversion coating portion on said aluminum, and a gelatinous coating portion on said conversion coating portion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 2, wherein said conversion coating portion comprises an hydrated calcium aluminate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 2, wherein said conversion coating portion and said gelatinous coating portion each comprises a mixture of hydrated calcium and aluminum oxides.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of calcium to aluminum in said coating is from about 1:1 to about 2.5:1 on a weight-to-weight basis.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 5, wherein said ratio of calcium to aluminum is substantially 2:1.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 1, wherein the weight of said coating on said aluminum is from about 0.5 to about 3.0 grams of coating per square foot of aluminum surface.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
A total energy exchange medium according to claim 7, wherein said coating weight is from about 1.5 to about 2.5 grams per square foot.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process for preparing a total energy exchange matrix which comprises forming a latent energy exchange coating having a dual structure on the surfaces of aluminum substrate material by preparing a solution containing water-soluble calcium and aluminum salts and bringing the pH of said solution to the range of from about 7 to 11 to form a gelatinous precipitate, and exposing the surfaces of said aluminum material to the precipitate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process for preparing a total energy exchange matrix which comprises forming a latent energy exchange coating having a dual structure on the surfaces of aluminum substrate material by preparing a solution containing water-soluble calcium and aluminum salts and bringing the pH of said solution to the range of from about 7 to 11 to form a gelatinous precipitate, and exposing the surfaces of said aluminum material to the precipitate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the atomic ratio of calcium to aluminum in said solution is from about 1:1 to about 4:1.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process according to claim 1 wherein the pH is brought into the range of about 7 to 11 with an alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process according to claim 11 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 12 wherein the pH is brought to a value between about 8 to about 9.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein the temperature of said solution during exposure of said aluminum surfaces to the gelatinous precipitate is from about 160° F. to the boiling point of the solution.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein said calcium salt is calcium nitrate and said aluminum salt is aluminum nitrate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 15 wherein said calcium and aluminum nitrates are hydrated nitrates, and the concentration of each in said solution is from about 50 to about 120 grams per liter.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process according to claim 16 wherein the aluminum surface is exposed to the gelatinous precipitate for from about 5 to 60 minutes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
74 words
A process according to claim 9 wherein said calcium and aluminum salts are equal parts by weight of hydrated calcium and aluminum nitrates, the pH of said solution is brought to the range of from about 8 to about 9 by adding sodium hydroxide, the temperature of said solution is maintained at substantially its boiling temperature, and said aluminum surfaces are exposed to said gelatinous precipitate for from about 20 to about 35 minutes.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-11-29 | 1986-05-31 | 1986-11-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-11-29 | 1990-05-31 | 1990-11-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-11-29 | 1994-05-31 | 1994-11-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |