Patent US4347117A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4347117A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Donor solvent coal liquefaction with bottoms recycle at elevated pressure
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1980-11-03
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Granted: 1982-08-31
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Expires: 2000-11-03
Abstract
Abstract An improved process for liquefying solid carbonaceous materials wherein increased naphtha yields are achieved by effecting the liquefaction at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig in the presence of recycled bottoms and a hydrogen-donor solvent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen. The liquefaction is accomplished at a temperature within the range from about 700 DEG to about 950 DEG F. The coal:bottoms ratio in the feed to liquefaction will be within the range from about 1:1 to about 5:1 and the solvent or diluent to total solids ratio will be at least 1.5:1 and preferably within the range from about 1.6:1 to about 3:1. The yield of naphtha boiling range materials increases as the pressure increases but generally reaches a maximum at a pressure within the range from about 2000 to about 2500 psig.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard F. Bauman
- 👤 John W. Taunton
- 👤 George H. Anderson
- 👤 Ken L. Trachte
- 👤 Steve J. Hsia
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 08:07
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G1/00; C10G1/04; C10G1/042
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
157 words
A process for liquefying coal and similar solid carbonaceous materials comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the solid carbonaceous material, a solvent or diluent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen and at least about 10 wt % naphthenic components at a temperature within the range from about 700° to about 950° F. and at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig; (b) maintaining the contacting of step (a) for a nominal period of time sufficient to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material, (c) separating the effluent resulting from the contacting of step (a) after the contacting has been continued for a sufficient period of time to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material thereby yielding a normally gaseous product, a normally liquid product and a bottoms product; and (d) separating a naphtha boiling range product and a heavier boiling product from the liquid.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
157 words
A process for liquefying coal and similar solid carbonaceous materials comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the solid carbonaceous material, a solvent or diluent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen and at least about 10 wt % naphthenic components at a temperature within the range from about 700° to about 950° F. and at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig; (b) maintaining the contacting of step (a) for a nominal period of time sufficient to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material, (c) separating the effluent resulting from the contacting of step (a) after the contacting has been continued for a sufficient period of time to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material thereby yielding a normally gaseous product, a normally liquid product and a bottoms product; and (d) separating a naphtha boiling range product and a heavier boiling product from the liquid.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of solvent to solid carbonaceous material is at least 0.8:1.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen-donor solvent is a distillate fraction separated from the liquid product.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
39 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the distillate fraction has an initial boiling point within the range from about 350° to about 425° F. and a final boiling point within the range from about 700° to about 900° F.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 4 wherein the distillate fraction has an initial boiling point of about 400° F. and a final boiling point of about 800° F.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
34 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said distillate fraction is hydrogenated to produce a solvent or diluent containing at least about 25 wt % hydrogen-donor species and at least 15 wt % naphthenic components.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process of claim 6 wherein said distillate fraction is hydrogenated to produce a solvent or dilluent containing from about 40 to about 50 wt % hydrogen-donor species or higher and from about 20 to about 40 wt % naphthenic components.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen-donor solvent contains 1.2 to about 3.0 wt % donatable hydrogen at the liquefaction conditions.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the ratio of solvent or diluent to solid carbonaceous material is within the range from about 0.8:1 to about 10:1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said solid carbonaceous material is a bituminous coal.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said solid carbonaceous material is a subbituminous coal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the pressure in Step (a) is within the range from about 2000 to about 2500 psig.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
190 words
A process for liquefying coal and similar solid carbonaceous materials comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the solid carbonaceous material, a solvent or diluent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen and recycle bottoms and at least about 10 wt % naphthenic components at a temperature within the range from about 700° to about 950° F. and at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig; (b) maintaining the contacting of step (a) for a nominal period of time sufficient to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material, (c) separating the effluent resulting from the contacting of step (a) after the contacting has been continued for a sufficient period of time to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material thereby yielding a normally gaseous product, a normally liquid product and a bottoms product; (d) recycling a sufficient portion of the bottoms to provide a bottoms:solid carbonaceous material ratio in the feed to step (a) within the range from about 0.5:1 to about 5:1; and (e) separating a naphtha boiling range product and a heavier boiling product from the liquid.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
190 words
A process for liquefying coal and similar solid carbonaceous materials comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the solid carbonaceous material, a solvent or diluent containing at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen and recycle bottoms and at least about 10 wt % naphthenic components at a temperature within the range from about 700° to about 950° F. and at a pressure within the range from about 1750 to about 2800 psig; (b) maintaining the contacting of step (a) for a nominal period of time sufficient to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material, (c) separating the effluent resulting from the contacting of step (a) after the contacting has been continued for a sufficient period of time to liquefy at least a portion of the solid carbonaceous material thereby yielding a normally gaseous product, a normally liquid product and a bottoms product; (d) recycling a sufficient portion of the bottoms to provide a bottoms:solid carbonaceous material ratio in the feed to step (a) within the range from about 0.5:1 to about 5:1; and (e) separating a naphtha boiling range product and a heavier boiling product from the liquid.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the recycled bottoms are slurried with the coal prior to liquefaction.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
27 words
The process of claim 14 wherein the amount of bottoms recycled is sufficient to provide a bottoms:coal ratio within the range from about 0.5:1 to about 5:1.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the solvent:coal ratio in the slurry is at least 0.8:1.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 15 wherein the solvent:coal ratio in the slurry is within the range from about 1.1:1 to about 5:1.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the hydrogen-donor solvent contains at least 0.8 wt % donatable hydrogen.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the hydrogen-donor solvent contains from about 1.2 to about 3.0 wt % donatable hydrogen.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the liquefaction is accomplished in the presence of molecular hydrogen.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the liquefaction is accomplished at a pressure within the range from about 2000 to about 2500 psig.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the liquefaction is accomplished at a temperature within the range from about 800° to about 880° F.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the coal is a bituminous coal.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the coal is a subbituminous coal.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
188 words
The process of claim 13 wherein the naphtha yield is controlled by controlling the pressure, the nominal holding time and the amount of bottoms recycle in accordance with the following equation: ##EQU2## wherein: Y naphtha =the yield of C 3 -400° F. boiling range naphtha in wt % based on solid carbonaceous material; k 1 (1-e -k .sbsp.2.sup.φ)=the yield of naphtha via conversion of solid carbonaceous material; k 1 and k 2 are reaction rate constants which vary with the solid carbonaceous material and φ is the holding time at liquefaction conditions; C 1 (B/SC)=the yield of naphtha via conversion of bottoms; C 1 is a constant which varies with solid carbonaceous material and B/SC is the ratio of recycle bottoms to fresh solid carbonaceous material fed to liquefaction; k 3 (1-e -k .sbsp.4.sup.φ)=yield of naphtha via conversion of solvent; k 3 and k 4 are reaction rate constants which vary with solid carbonaceous material and φ is the holding time at liquefaction conditions; P=the pressure during liquefaction; C 3 =a constant which varies with the particular solid carbonaceous material; and N=concentration of naphthenic components in the solvent.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-08-30 | 1986-03-01 | 1986-08-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-08-30 | 1990-03-01 | 1990-08-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-08-30 | 1994-03-01 | 1994-08-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |