Agricultural machine for tedding and windrowing fodder crops

Claim 2

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and a plurality of impelling elements, operatively connected to said drum, each element being substantially simultaneously movable together with at least some of the remaining impelling elements relative to said skirt between a tedding position and a windrowing position.

Claim 3

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein each of said impelling elements has two branches of different lengths which enclose an angle with one another.

Claim 4

A machine as defined in claim 2, wherein the longer branch of each of said impelling elements extends substantially radially outwardly from said drum in said tedding position, and in substantial parallelism to the outer periphery of said drum in the windrowing position.

Claim 5

A machine as defined in claim 2, wherein the shorter branch of each of said impelling elements extends in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum in said windrowing position, and substantially tangentially to the periphery of said drum in said tedding position.

Claim 6

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said drum is hollow, and further including a positioning plate situated in the hollow interior of said drum; and wherein each impelling element has an arm connected to said positioning plate.

Claim 7

A machine as defined in claim 5, wherein said positioning plate is mounted in the hollow interior of said drum for movement along said upright axis of rotation of said drum; and further comprising means for moving said positioning plate along said upright axis so as to simultaneously move all of said impelling elements between said tedding position and said windrowing position.

Claim 8

A machine as defined in claim 5, wherein said hollow drum has a peripheral wall provided with openings for the passage of said arms.

Claim 9

A machine as defined in claim 1, further including a plurality of spindles mounting said impelling elements on said drum, respectively, said spindles extending substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum.

Claim 10

A machine as defined in claim 8, wherein said drum is hollow and has a peripheral wall; wherein said spindles are situated within said hollow drum; and wherein said peripheral wall is provided with slots through which said impelling means extend from the interior to the exterior of said drum.

Claim 11

A machine as defined in claim 8, wherein said impelling elements are located at different elevations relative to said drum; and wherein at least those of said impelling elements which are located close to said skirts extend slightly downwardly from a radial plane of the drum as considered in the outward direction.

Claim 12

A machine as defined in claim 8, wherein said drum is hollow, and further including a regulating member centrally arranged within the interior of said drum and so connected to said impelling elements as to displace and arrest said impelling elements in said tedding and windrowing positions, said impelling elements extending substantially radially of said drum in one of said positions, and extending oppositely to the direction of rotation of said drum in the other of said positions.

Claim 13

A machine as defined in claim 11, wherein said drum includese a shaft; wherein said regulating member includes a hub rotatably mounted on said shaft and having a plurality of arms provided with slots at their free ends; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of lugs each engaging in one of said slots.

Claim 14

A machine as defined in claim 12, wherein said regulating member is mounted on said shaft for rotation relative thereto; and further comprising means, including a lever, for locking said regulating member to said shaft in two different angularly displaced positions relative thereto.

Claim 15

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said mounting means includes a plurality of spindles which are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum; wherein each of said impelling elements is mounted on a respective one of said spindles for pivoting about the same, each having an extension; and further comprising a plurality of springs each connected to and extending between one of said extensions and said drum.

Claim 16

A machine as defined in claim 14, wherein said springs are tension springs each of which acts on the associated impelling element in a direction to pivot the same opposite to the direction of rotation of the drum.

Claim 17

A machine as defined in claim 14, wherein said impelling elements are so mounted on said spindles and said springs extend in such a direction that the action of centrifugal force on said impelling elements during the rotation of said drum displaces said impelling elements outwardly against the biasing action of said springs thereon.

Claim 18

A machine as defined in claim 14, wherein said driving means is so constructed as to rotate said drum at a higher speed during the tedding operation than during the windrowing operation.

Claim 19

A machine as defined in claim 14, wherein said drum is hollow and is provided with a plurality of slots; wherein said spindles for said impelling elements and said springs are situated within said hollow drum; and wherein said impelling elements extend from the interior to the exterior of said drum through said slots.

Claim 20

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said drum is hollow and further including a regulated support situated within said drum; and wherein said impelling elements are articulated to said regulated support.

Claim 21

A machine as defined in claim 19, comprising a plurality of ball joints distributed over the periphery of said drum and defining respective passages, said impelling elements extending between the interior and the exterior of the said hollow drum through said passages.

Claim 22

A machine as defined in claim 19, wherein said drum has a shaft; wherein said regulated support for said impelling elements is mounted on said shaft for rotation relative thereto; and further comprising means including a lever for arresting said regulated support in at least two positions with respect to said shaft, in one of which said impelling elements extend substantially radially on said drum and in the other of which said impelling elements are inclined opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum.

Claim 23

A machine as defined in claim 1, further including a cam member having two cam tracks; and wherein each of said impelling elements has a lever portion and a cam follower roller rotatably mounted on said lever portion and engaging a respective cam track.

Claim 24

A machine as defined in claim 22, wherein said cam member is mounted for vertical displacement; wherein said two guide tracks are situated vertically adjacent to one another; and further comprising means including an adjusting screw for vertically displacing said cam member.

Claim 25

A machine as defined in claim 22, wherein one of said cam tracks is so arranged for controlling the positions of said impelling elements during the tedding operation that said impelling elements extend substantially radially of said drum over most of the trajectory of the movement with said drum.

Claim 26

A machine as defined in claim 24, wherein said impelling elements define a trajectory having a front part and a rear part, and the other of said cam tracks is so arranged for guiding said impelling elements during the windrowing operation that said impelling elements extend opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum in the front part of said trajectory, and substantially parallel to the outer surface of said drum in the rear part of said trajectory.

Claim 27

A machine as defined in claim 22, and further comprising a plurality of springs forcing said rollers into engagement with the respective cam track.

Claim 28

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said impelling elements are guide rods so arranged as to extend in the tedding position upwardly of the skirt substantially from a line tangential to the front part of said drum to the rear of the drum.

Claim 29

A machine as defined in claim 27 and further including a support member, said guide rods being rigidly connected to said support member; and means for mounting said support member on said support in each of said positions.

Claim 30

A machine as defined in claim 28, wherein said guide rods extend over said drum in the windrowing position.

Claim 31

A machine as defined in claim 1; further comprising an additional drum similar to said drum and mounted on said support adjacent to and at a distance from said drum; and wherein said skirts of said drums are provided with peripheral projections, the peripheral projections of one of said drums intermeshing with the peripheral projections of the other drum in the tedding position.

Claim 32

A machine as defined in claim 1; further comprising an additional drum similar to said drum and mounted on said support adjacent to and at a distance from said drum; and wherein said converting means includes telescopic means for changing the distance between the axes of rotation of said drums during the conversion between the tedding and the windrowing operation.

Claim 33

A machine as defined in claim 2, further comprising hinge pins mounting said impelling elements on said drum for simultaneous rotation about respective axes located in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said drum, and further comprising cover means for protecting said hinge pins.

Claim 34

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said drum is hollow and is provided with a plurality of slots; and further including a supporting member situated within said drum and being radially offset from the axis of rotation of said drum, said impelling elements being articulated to said supporting member and extending from the interior to the exterior of said drum through said slots; moving means including a lever for moving said supporting member between at least two different positions and locking said supporting member in each of said positions, said impelling elements defining a trajectory having a front part and a rear part, and projecting outwardly of the drum in said rear part of said trajectory maximally when said lever is in said one of said positions, and maximally outwardly of the drum in said front part of said trajectory when said lever is in the other of said positions.

Claim 35

A machine as defined in claim 33, wherein said drum defines a central axis and has a shaft extending through the interior of said drum; and being in at least one part centric with said central axis, and in another part thereof eccentric therewith, and wherein said supporting member is mounted on the eccentric part of said shaft for free rotation relative thereto and for radial displacement from said central axis.

Claim 36

A machine as defined in claim 33, and further comprising at least one spring extending between and connected to said supporting member and to said drum.

Claim 37

A machine as defined in claim 1, further including a spreader provided with each impelling element, said spreaders being situated on the rear of said drum and at least partially over the skirt thereof in the tedding position of said impelling elements; and means for so rotating said spreaders as to move them in convergence at the front thereof, as considered in said direction of forward movement of the machine.

Claim 38

A machine as defined in claim 36, wherein said support includes a main part on which said drum is mounted, and a carrying arm pivotably mounted on said main part and having said spreaders mounted thereon.

Claim 39

A machine as defined in claim 37, wherein said spreaders are pivoted upwardly with said carrying arm about the point of articulation of said arm to said main part of said support for the windrowing operation.

Claim 40

A machine as defined in claim 1, wherein said impelling elements are substantially V-shaped, affixed to said drum, and extending outwardly therefrom, each of said impelling elements having two impelling surfaces, one of which extends substantially tangentially of said drum, and the other of which extends substantially radially of said drum.

Claim 41

A machine as defined in claim 39; further comprising an additional drum similar to said drum and mounted on said support adjacent to and at a distance from said drum; wherein said support is mounted on the machine for pivoting along a substantially horizontal plane between two different positions; and further comprising means for arresting said support in each of said two positions.

Claim 42

A machine as defined in claim 40, wherein those impelling surfaces of said impelling elements which extend substantially tangentially of said drum face forwardly as considered in the direction of rotation of said drums when said support is in the windrowing position.

Claim 43

A machine as defined in claim 40, wherein those impelling surfaces of said impelling elements which extend substantially radially of the respective drums face forwardly as considered in the direction of rotation of said drums in the tedding position of said support.

Claim 44

A machine as defined in claim 1, further comprising means for simultaneously moving all of said impelling elements between said tedding position and said windrowing position.

Claim 45

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having two branches of different lengths which enclose an angle with one another.

Claim 46

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having two branches of different lengths which enclose an angle with one another.

Claim 47

A machine as defined in claim 44, wherein the longer branch of each of said impelling elements extends substantially radially of said drum in said tedding position, and in substantial parallelism to the outer periphery of said drum in the windrowing position.

Claim 48

A machine as defined in claim 44, wherein the shorter branch of each of said impelling elements extends in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum in said windrowing position, and substantially tangentially to the periphery of said drum in said tedding position.

Claim 49

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operation for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said drum is hollow, wherein said converting means includes a positioning plate situated in the hollow interior of said drum; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having an arm connected to said positioning plate.

Claim 50

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operation for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said drum is hollow, wherein said converting means includes a positioning plate situated in the hollow interior of said drum; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having an arm connected to said positioning plate.

Claim 51

A machine as defined in claim 47, wherein said positioning plate is mounted in the hollow interior of said drum for movement along the axis of rotation of said drum; and further comprising means for moving said positioning plate along said axis so as to simultaneously move all of said impelling elements between their tedding and windrowing positions.

Claim 52

A machine as defined in claim 47, wherein said hollow drum has a peripheral wall provided with openings for the passage of said arms.

Claim 53

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respective, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said mounting means includes a plurality of spindles which are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum.

Claim 54

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respective, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said mounting means includes a plurality of spindles which are substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum.

Claim 55

A machine as defined in claim 50, wherein said drum is hollow and has a peripheral wall; wherein said spindles are situated within said hollow drum; and wherein said peripheral wall is provided with slots through which said impelling means extend from the interior to the exterior of said drum.

Claim 56

A machine as defined in claim 50, wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements located at different elevations relative to said drum; and where at least those of said impelling elements which are located close to said skirts extend slightly downwardly from a radial plane of the drum as considered in the outward direction.

Claim 57

A machine as defined in claim 50, wherein said drum is hollow, and wherein said converting means includes a regulating member centrally arranged within the interior of said drum and so connected to said impelling means as to displace the same between and arrest same in said two positions in one of which said impelling means extend substantially radially of said drum and in the other of which they extend oppositely to the direction of rotation of said drum.

Claim 58

A machine as defined in claim 53, wherein said drum includes a shaft; wherein said regulating member includes a hub rotatably mounted on said shaft and having a plurality of arms provided with slots at their free ends; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of lugs each engaging in one of said slots.

Claim 59

A machine as defined in claim 54, wherein said regulating member is mounted on said shaft rotation relative thereto; and further comprising means, including a lever, for locking said regulating member to said shaft in two different angularly displaced positions relative thereto.

Claim 60

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said mounting means includes a plurality of spindles which are substantailly parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum; wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each mounted on one of said spindles for pivoting about the same and having an extension; and further comprising a plurality of springs each connected to and extending between one of said extensions and said drum.

Claim 61

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, comprising means for so mounting said impelling means on said drum for rotation therewith and for movement between said two positions relative to said skirt that the diameter of the trajectory of movement of said impelling means is different in the tedding position from that in the windrowing position, wherein said mounting means mounts said impelling means on said drum for pivoting relative thereto, wherein said mounting means includes a plurality of spindles which are substantailly parallel to the axis of rotation of said drum; wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each mounted on one of said spindles for pivoting about the same and having an extension; and further comprising a plurality of springs each connected to and extending between one of said extensions and said drum.

Claim 62

A machine as defined in claim 56, wherein said springs are tension springs each of which acts on the associated impelling element in a direction to pivot the same opposite to the direction of rotation of such drum.

Claim 63

A machine as defined in claim 56, wherein said impelling elements are so mounted on said spindles and said springs extend in such a direction that the action of centrifugal force on said impelling elements during the rotation of said drum displaces said impelling elements outwardly against the biasing action of said springs thereon.

Claim 64

A machine as defined in claim 56, wherein said driving means is so constructed as to rotate said drum at a higher speed during the tedding operation than during the windrowing operation.

Claim 65

A machine as defined in claim 56, wherein said drum is hollow and is provided with a plurality of slots; wherein said spindles for said impelling elements and said springs are situated within said hollow drum; and wherein said impelling elements extend from the interior to the exterior of said drum through said slots.

Claim 66

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, wherein said drum is hollow; wherein said converting means includes a regulated support situated within said drum; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements which are articulated to said regulated support.

Claim 67

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, wherein said drum is hollow; wherein said converting means includes a regulated support situated within said drum; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements which are articulated to said regulated support.

Claim 68

A machine as defined in claim 61, comprising a plurality of ball joints distributed over the periphery of said drum and defining respective passages, said impelling elements extending between the interior and the exterior of the said hollow drum through said passages.

Claim 69

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, wherein said converting means includes a cam member having two cam tracks; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having a lever portion and a cam follower roller rotatably mounted on said lever portion and engaging the respective cam track.

Claim 70

In a machine for handling cut herbage during forward movement of the machine on the ground, in combination, a support, at least one drum mounted on said support for rotation about an upright axis, driving means operable for rotating said drum about said axis, a flexible deformable skirt mounted on the lower portion of said drum for rotation therewith and operative for lifting the cut herbage and moving it rearwardly, and converting means associated with said skirt and operative for selectively converting the machine for operation in a tedding manner and, respectively, in a windrowing manner, wherein said converting means includes impelling means movable between at least two positions relative to said skirt, one for tedding and the other for windrowing, wherein said converting means includes a cam member having two cam tracks; and wherein said impelling means includes a plurality of impelling elements each having a lever portion and a cam follower roller rotatably mounted on said lever portion and engaging the respective cam track.

Claim 71

A machine as defined in claim 63, wherein said cam member is mounted for vertical displacement; wherein said two guide tracks are situated vertically adjacent to one another; and further comprising means including an adjusting screw for vertically displacing said cam member.

Claim 72

A machine as defined in claim 63, wherein one of said cam tracks is so configurated for controlling the positions of said impelling elements during the tedding operation that said impelling elements extend substantially radially of said drum over most of the trajectory of the movement with said drum.

Claim 73

A machine as defined in claim 65, wherein the other of said cam tracks is so configurated for guiding said impelling elements during the windrowing operation that said impelling elements extend opposite to the direction of rotation of said drum in the front, and substantially parallel to the outer surface of said drum in the rear, portion of the trajectory of movement with said drum.

Claim 74

A machine as defined in claim 63, and further comprising a plurality of springs forcing said rollers into engagement with the respective cam track.

Claim 75

A machine as defined in claim 27, wherein said guide rods are situated at several levels relative to said drum; and wherein at least those rods which are situated in the upper level extend to the rear of said drum beyond a plane which is parallel to the forward travel direction of the machine and passes through the axis of rotation of said drum.