US4343537A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electro-optical cell
Assignee: F Hoffmann La Roche AG
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Filing: 1979-10-16
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Granted: 1982-08-10
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Expires: 1999-10-16
Abstract
Abstract An electro-optical cell, more particularly for display purposes, which comprises a working electrode having an intercalatable layer structure, especially graphite, a counter-electrode, an ion conductor disposed between the two electrodes and, if desired, a reference electrode. On application of an electric voltage, ions from the ion conductor are inserted into the layer structure, whereby or visible, optical change on the surface of the electrode is effected.
Inventors
- 👤 Hans-Joachim Guntherodt
- 👤 Peter Pfluger
- 👤 Hans-Ulrich Kunzi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 11:09
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1514; G02F1/1523
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
44 words
An electro-optical cell which comprises a working electrode having electrically controllable optical properties, a counter-electrode, an electrolyte disposed between the two electrodes and means for applying an electric voltage or electric current to the cell, the working electrode having an intercalated graphite layer structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
44 words
An electro-optical cell which comprises a working electrode having electrically controllable optical properties, a counter-electrode, an electrolyte disposed between the two electrodes and means for applying an electric voltage or electric current to the cell, the working electrode having an intercalated graphite layer structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is transparent.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is not transparent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is solid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 4, wherein the electrolyte is a supraionic conductor.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 5, wherein the electrolyte is in contact with a metal ion reservoir.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 5, wherein the electrolyte comprises Li 3 N or Li-β-aluminate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is liquid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 8, wherein the liquid electrolyte comprises at least one organic solvent and one or more dissolved salts.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 9, wherein the liquid electrolyte comprises a K, Na, Li, Be or Ba salt dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the electrolyte is a gel or paste.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the graphite layer structure is intercalated by an electron donor substance.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 12, wherein the donor substance is a metal, a mixture of metals or a metal compound.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 13, wherein the donor substance is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 14, wherein the metal is lithium, sodium or potassium.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 13, wherein the metal is rubidium or caesium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the graphite layer structure is intercalated by an electron acceptor substance.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 17, wherein the acceptor substance includes at least one halogen or halogen compound.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 17, wherein the acceptor substance includes at least one acid or salt.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the counter-electrode transmits light.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the working electrode is intercalated through the entire thickness of the layer, so that colour reaction thereof is, in use, visible at the back.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical according to claim 1, wherein the working electrode is segmented.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein the counter-electrode is segmented.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electro-optical cell according to claim 1, wherein a reference electrode is provided in addition to the working electrode and the counter-electrode.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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Cited
US3827784A
Cited
US4041220A
Cited
US3971624A
Cited
US4060311A
Cited
US4110015A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-08-09 | 1986-02-08 | 1986-08-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-08-09 | 1990-02-08 | 1990-08-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-08-09 | 1994-02-08 | 1994-08-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |