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US4341965A
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Composite electrode and insulating wall elements for magnetohydrodynamic power generating channels characterized by fibers in a matrix
Assignee: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
•
Filing: 1981-03-27
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Granted: 1982-07-27
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Expires: 2001-03-27
Abstract
Abstract A composite element comprises a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxides, carbides, nitrides and borides and a fibrous material made of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxides, carbides, nitrides and borides. A plurality of composite elements are used as the electrode wall or insulating wall constituting an MHD power generating channel.
Inventors
- 👤 Takayasu Okuo
- 👤 Takaki Masaki
- 👤 Keisuke Kobayashi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-24 03:00
CPC Classifications
H; H02; H02K; H02K44/00; H02K44/08; H02K44/12; H02K44/10; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2913; Y10T428/2933; Y10T428/2938
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 115
Claim 1
Independent Claim
72 words
A composite electrode element for a magnetohydrodynamic power generating channel, comprising a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxide, carbide, nitride and boride and a fibrous material composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxide, carbide, nitride and boride, said fibrous material being embedded in said matrix and unified with said matrix so as to form a composite.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
72 words
A composite electrode element for a magnetohydrodynamic power generating channel, comprising a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxide, carbide, nitride and boride and a fibrous material composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxide, carbide, nitride and boride, said fibrous material being embedded in said matrix and unified with said matrix so as to form a composite.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric, mat or whisker.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein the amount of said fibrous material is 5 to 40% by volume based on the total volume of the composite electrode element.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein the amount of said fibrous material is 5 to 20% by volume based on the total volume of the composite electrode element.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of a CeO 2 system or a complex oxide system and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
52 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of CeO 2 -ZrO 2 in a molar ratio of 30-70:70-30 or CeO 2 -ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 20-60:60-30:20-10 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of TiC, TaC, WC or ZrC and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of TiN in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of B, ZrB 2 , HfB 2 or TiB 2 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of TiN in the form of whisker.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said fibrous material is made of SiC, Nb 2 C or B 4 C and is in the form of whisker.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of a ZrO 2 system, a CeO 2 system, a MgO system or a complex oxide system.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
75 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -CeO 2 in a molar ratio of 75-92:10-3:15-5, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -CeO 2 in a molar ratio of 30-92:10-3:60-5, ZrO 2 -CeO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 40-87:40-5:20-8, or ZrO 2 -(MgO-Ca0) in a molar ratio of 80-92:20-8.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
51 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of CeO 2 -ZrO 2 in a molar ratio of 15-80:85-20, CeO 2 -Ta 2 O 5 in a molar ratio of 60-90:40-10 or CeO 2 -ZrO 2 -Ta 2 O 5 in a molar ratio of 20-50:70-48:10-2.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
51 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of MgO, MgO-CaO in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, MgO-Al 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 70-95:30-5, MgO-Fe 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3, or MgO-ZrO 2 in a molar ratio of 80-93:20-7.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
143 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of Al 2 O 3 -(Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ) in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, MgO-(Al 2 O 3 -Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ) in a molar ratio of 60-80:40-20, MgO-Si 3 N 4 in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, (ZrO 2 -MgO)-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -MgO)-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CeO 2 )-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CeO 2 )-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CaO-MgO)-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CaO-MgO)-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 )-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5 or (ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 )-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of SiC, TaC or ZrC.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of Si 3 N 4 or TiN.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein said matrix is composed of ZrB 2 , HfB 2 or TiB 2 .
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 1, wherein the element is formed in the shape of a plate-like block.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 20, wherein said plate-like block has a thickness of 2-15 mm and the length of each of its sides falls in the range of 5-50 mm.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 20, wherein said fibrous material is oriented at right angles relative to the plate surfaces of said plate-like block.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 20, wherein said fibrous material is oriented in parallel to the plate surfaces of said plate-like block.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 22, wherein the density of said fibrous material is gradually decreased from one side to the other side in the direction of the width of said plate-like block.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 23, wherein the density of said fibrous material is gradually decreased from one side to the other side in the direction of the width of said plate-like block.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
136 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 22, wherein said fibrous material on one plate surface side of said plate-like block is SiC, C, TC, WC or TiN having low electrical resistivity and that on the other plate surface side thereof is Si 3 N 4 , MgO, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 85-92:15-8, ZrO 2 -MgO in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO) in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -(MgO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3, Zro 2 -(CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3 or Zro 2 -(MgO-CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4 having high electrical resistivity.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
134 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 23, wherein said fibrous material on one plate surface side of said plate-like block is SiC, C, TC, WC or TiN having low electrical resistivity and that on the other plate surface thereof is Si 3 N 4 ,MgO, Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 85-92:15-8, ZrO 2 -MgO in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO) in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -(MgO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3, ZrO 2 -(CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3 or ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4 having high electrical resistivity.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 20, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
47 words
The composite electrode according to claim 22, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 23, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 24, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 25, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 26, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 27, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 28, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 29, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 30, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 31, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 32, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 33, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 34, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 28, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 29, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 30, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 31, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 32, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 33, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 34, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 35, further comprising a compliant layer made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals between said supporting plate and said cooling block.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 20, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 22, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 23, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 24, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 25, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 26, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 27, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 28, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 29, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 30, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 31, further comprising side walls rising from opposite side of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 32, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 33, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite electrode element according to claim 34, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
71 words
A composite wall element for a magnetohydrodynamic power generating channel, comprising a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxide, nitride and boride and a fibrous material composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxide, carbide, nitride and boride, said fibrous material being embeded in said matrix and unified with said matrix so as to form a composite.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
71 words
A composite wall element for a magnetohydrodynamic power generating channel, comprising a matrix composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of oxide, nitride and boride and a fibrous material composed of at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon, graphite, oxide, carbide, nitride and boride, said fibrous material being embeded in said matrix and unified with said matrix so as to form a composite.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric, mat or whisker.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein the amount of said fibrous material is 5 to 40% by volume based on the total volume of the composite wall element.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein the amount of said fibrous material is 5 to 20% by volume based on the total volume of the composite wall element.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
46 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, stabilized Zr, SiO 2 or MgO-SiO 2 in a molar ratio of 5-95:95-5 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of a ZrO 2 system, a complex spinel system or a complex oxide system and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
106 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of ZrO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 85-92:15-8, ZrO 2 -MgO in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO) in a molar ratio of 42-85:58-15, ZrO 2 -(MgO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3, ZrO 2 -(CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4 or ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
56 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of 3FeAl 2 O 4 -Fe 3 O 4 in a molar ratio of 25-75:75-25 or 4MgAl 2 O 4 -Fe 3 O 4 in a molar ratio of 60-80:40-20 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
52 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of MgAl 2 O 4 -SiO 2 in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10 or Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 in a molar ratio of 5-95:95-5 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of BN or Si 3 N 4 and is in the form of fiber, filament, non-woven fabric or mat.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
106 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of ZrO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 85-92:15-8, ZrO 2 -MgO in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO) in a molar ratio of 85-93:15-7, ZrO 2 -(MgO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4, ZrO 2 -(CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4, ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO-Y 2 O 3 ) in a molar ratio of 85-96:15-4, MgO or Al 2 O 3 and is in the form of whisker.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said fibrous material is made of Si 3 N 4 or BN and is in the form of whisker.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64 wherein said matrix is composed of a ZrO 2 system, a MgO system, a complex spinel system or a complex oxide system.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
75 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said matrix is composed of ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 90-97:10-3, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -CeO 2 in a molar ratio of 75-92:10-3:15-5, ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 -CeO 2 in a molar ratio of 30-92:10-3:60-5, ZrO 2 -CeO 2 -CaO in a molar ratio of 40-87:40-5:20-8, or ZrO 2 -(MgO-CaO) in a molar ratio of 80-92:20-8.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
51 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said matrix is composed of MgO, MgO-CaO in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, MgO-Al 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 70-95:30-5, MgO-Fe 2 O 3 in a molar ratio of 85-97:15-3, or MgO-ZrO 2 in a molar ratio of 80-93:20-7.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
43 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said matrix is composed of 3FeAl 2 O 4 -Fe 3 O 4 in a molar ratio of 25-75:75-25 or 4MgAl 2 O 4 -Fe 3 O 4 in a molar ratio of 60-80:40-20.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
143 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said matrix is composed of Al 2 O 3 -(Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ) in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, MgO-(Al 2 O 3 -Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 ) in a molar ratio of 60-80:40-20, MgO-Si 3 N 4 in a molar ratio of 70-90:30-10, (ZrO 2 -MgO)-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -MgO)-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CeO 2 )-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CeO 2 )-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CaO-MgO)-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -CaO-MgO)-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5, (ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 )-SiC in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5 or (ZrO 2 -Y 2 O 3 )-C in a molar ratio of 80-95:20-5.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein said matrix is composed of Si 3 N 4 or TiN.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composite wall element according to claim 64, wherein the element is formed in the shape of a plate-like block.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
33 words
The composite wall element according to claim 82, wherein said plate-like block has a thickness of 2-15 mm and the length of each of its sides falls in the range of 10-25 mm.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 82, wherein said fibrous material is oriented at right angles relative to the plate surfaces of said plate-like block.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
24 words
The composite wall element according to claim 82, wherein said fibrous material is oriented in parallel to the plate surfaces of said plate-like block.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite wall element according to claim 84, wherein the density of said fibrous material is gradually decreased in the direction of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composite wall element according to claim 85, wherein the density of said fibrous material is gradually decreased in the direction of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite wall element according to claim 82, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite wall element according to claim 84, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite wall element according to claim 85, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite wall element according to claim 86, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composite wall element according to claim 87, further comprising a supporting plate made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys or noble metals and a bonding layer made of Ni, Cu, Cu alloys, noble metals, metal oxides or glass frit for connecting said supporting plate with said plate-like block.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 88, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 89, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 90, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 91, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composite wall element according to claim 92, further comprising a cooling block disposed under said supporting plate and made of Cu, Ni, Cu-Ni or Fe-Ni-Cr.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite wall element according to claim 88, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite wall element according to claim 89, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite wall element according to claim 90, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite wall element according to claim 91, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composite wall element according to claim 92, further comprising a compliant layer disposed under said supporting plate and made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metals.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composite wall element according to claim 88, further comprising a compliant layer made of Ni, Ni-Cr, Ni-Cu or noble metal between said supporting plate and said cooling block.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 82, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 84, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 108
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 85, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 109
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 86, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 87, further comprising a compliant layer, a bonding layer disposed between said plate-like block and said compliant layer, and a cooling block disposed under said compliant layer.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 88, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 89, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 90, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 91, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
Claim 115
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composite wall element according to claim 92, further comprising side walls rising from opposite sides of said supporting plate to a height at least one fourth of the thickness of said plate-like block.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-07-26 | 1986-01-25 | 1986-07-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-07-26 | 1990-01-25 | 1990-07-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-07-26 | 1994-01-25 | 1994-07-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |