Patent US4325812A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4325812A
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US
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Process for cracking heavy hydrocarbons into light oils and producing hydrogen
Assignee: Research Association for Residual Oil Processing
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Filing: 1980-09-29
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Granted: 1982-04-20
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Expires: 2000-09-29
Abstract
Abstract A process is described for cracking a heavy hydrocarbon to form a light oil and for producing hydrogen by the use of a catalyst containing at least 30 wt % Fe which comprises a first step wherein steam and heavy hydrocarbon are simultaneously contacted with the catalyst in a reduced state to produce hydrogen, cracked gases, and a cracked light oil, to oxidize the reduced-state catalyst, and to deposit coke on the catalyst; and a second step wherein the oxidized-state catalyst on which said coke is deposited is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas insufficient for achieving complete combustion of the coke, to thereby partially combust the coke and regenerate the catalyst to a reduced state.
Inventors
- 👤 Kuniaki Fujimori
- 👤 Teruo Suzuka
- 👤 Yukio Inoue
- 👤 Shirou Aizawa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 01:38
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10G; C10G11/00; C10G11/14; C10G11/18; B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/74; B01J23/745; B01J23/90; B01J23/94; C01; C01B; C01B3/00; C01B3/02; C01B3/22; C01B3/24; C01B3/26; C01B3/32; C01B3/34; C01B3/38; C01B3/40; C10G11/02; C10G11/04; C10G47/00; C10G47/32; C01B2203/00; C01B2203/04; C01B2203/0415; C01B2203/042; C01B2203/043; C01B2203/046; C01B2203/0465; C01B2203/048; C01B2203/10; C01B2203/1041; C01B2203/1047; C01B2203/1052; C01B2203/12; C01B2203/1205; C01B2203/1211; C01B2203/1235; C01B2203/1247; C01B2203/14; C01B2203/146; C01B2203/147; C01B2203/148; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/36; Y02P; Y02P20/00; Y02P20/50; Y02P20/52; Y02P20/584
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 16
Claim 1
Independent Claim
111 words
A process for cracking a heavy hydrocarbon to form a light oil and for producing hydrogen by the use of a catalyst containing at least 30 wt% Fe which comprises a first step wherein steam and heavy hydrocarbon are simultaneously contacted with the catalyst in a reduced state to produce hydrogen, cracked gases, and cracked light oils, to oxidize the reduced-state catalyst, and to deposit coke on the catalyst, and a second step wherein the oxidized-state catayst on which said coke is deposited is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas insufficient for achieving complete combustion of the coke, to thereby partially combust the coke and regenerate said catalyst to a reduced state.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
111 words
A process for cracking a heavy hydrocarbon to form a light oil and for producing hydrogen by the use of a catalyst containing at least 30 wt% Fe which comprises a first step wherein steam and heavy hydrocarbon are simultaneously contacted with the catalyst in a reduced state to produce hydrogen, cracked gases, and cracked light oils, to oxidize the reduced-state catalyst, and to deposit coke on the catalyst, and a second step wherein the oxidized-state catayst on which said coke is deposited is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas insufficient for achieving complete combustion of the coke, to thereby partially combust the coke and regenerate said catalyst to a reduced state.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the first step is performed at a temperature from about 450° C. to 600° C. and a pressure from about 0 to 15 kg/cm 2 G.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the second step is performed at a temperature from about 750° C. to 950° C. and a pressure from about 0 to 15 kg/cm 2 G.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the oxidized-state catalyst with said coke deposited formed thereon is contacted with from 0.1 to 0.6 mol of oxygen per mol of carbon supplied to the second step.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
35 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the oxidized-state catalyst with said coke deposited formed thereon is contacted with from 0.2 to 0.4 mol of oxygen per mol of carbon supplied to the second step.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the degree of reduction of the reduced-state catalyst is from 12 to 34%.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the degree of reduction of the reduced-state catalyst is from 15 to 30%.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein more than 10 wt% of the steam is decomposed in the first step.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst containing at least 30 wt% Fe is prepared by pulverizing, kneading, granulating and calcining one or more iron substances.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst containing at least 30 wt% Fe is prepared by pulverizing, kneading, granulating and calcining one or more iron substances with inorganic refractory materials.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the iron substance is selected from the group consisting of an iron hydroxide, an iron oxide and an iron carbonate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the iron substance is an ore selected from the group consisting of laterite, siderite, magnetite, hematite and limonite.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process according to claim 10, wherein the inorganic refractory material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, calcium hydroxide, nickel oxide, garnierite, dolomite, and limestone.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said catalyst has a specific surface area of from 0.1 to 30 m 2 /g.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said process further employs a fluidized bed and catalyst particles having a mean diameter of from 60 to 600μ.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-04-19 | 1985-10-19 | 1986-04-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-04-19 | 1989-10-19 | 1990-04-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-04-19 | 1993-10-19 | 1994-04-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |