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US4324908A
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Preparation of unsaturated acids and esters from saturated carboxylic acid derivatives and carbonyl compounds over phosphate catalysts
Assignee: Standard Oil Co
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Filing: 1980-12-31
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Granted: 1982-04-13
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Expires: 2000-12-31
Abstract
Abstract Promoted phosphate catalysts have been found to be effective for the vapor phase condensation of saturated monocarboxylic acids or esters with formaldehyde, to produce unsaturated carboxylic acids or esters.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert K. Grasselli
- 👤 Andrew T. Guttmann
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 13:55
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C69/00; C07C51/00; C07C51/347; C07C51/353
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
85 words
A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acid and esters which comprises passing into a reaction zone, a vaporous mixture of a saturated monocarboyxlic acid or its ester with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, at a temperature of from 200° C. to about 450° C., in the presence of a catalyst having the empirical formula A.sub.a PO.sub.x wherein A is Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Ag or mixtures thereof; a is 0.2-3.0; and x is determined by the nature and oxidation state of the other elements.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
85 words
A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acid and esters which comprises passing into a reaction zone, a vaporous mixture of a saturated monocarboyxlic acid or its ester with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, at a temperature of from 200° C. to about 450° C., in the presence of a catalyst having the empirical formula A.sub.a PO.sub.x wherein A is Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Ag or mixtures thereof; a is 0.2-3.0; and x is determined by the nature and oxidation state of the other elements.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is on a support comprising alumina.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
117 words
A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acid and esters which comprises passing into a reaction zone, a vaporous mixture of a saturated monocarboxylic acid or its ester with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, at a temperature of from 200° C. to about 450° C., in the presence of a catalyst having the empirical formula A.sub.a B.sub.b C.sub.c PO.sub.x wherein A is Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Ag or mixtures thereof; B is alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, TL or mixtures thereof; C is Se, Y, La, rare earth metal, Th, Nb, Mo, Te, Cr, Ta, U or mixtures thereof; and A=0.2-3.0; b=0-1.5; c=0-2.0; and x is determined by the nature and oxidation state of the other elements.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
117 words
A process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acid and esters which comprises passing into a reaction zone, a vaporous mixture of a saturated monocarboxylic acid or its ester with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde derivative, at a temperature of from 200° C. to about 450° C., in the presence of a catalyst having the empirical formula A.sub.a B.sub.b C.sub.c PO.sub.x wherein A is Fe, Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Ag or mixtures thereof; B is alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, TL or mixtures thereof; C is Se, Y, La, rare earth metal, Th, Nb, Mo, Te, Cr, Ta, U or mixtures thereof; and A=0.2-3.0; b=0-1.5; c=0-2.0; and x is determined by the nature and oxidation state of the other elements.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 wherein the formaldehyde derivative is methylal.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 wherein the formaldehyde derivative is trioxane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 wherein the saturated monocarboxylic acid is acetic acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The processes of claims 1 or 3 wherein the saturated monocarboxylic acid is propionic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 wherein the ester fed to the reaction zone is methylacetate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claims 1 or 3 wherein the ester fed to the reaction zone is methylpropionate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 3 wherein A is iron.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 10 wherein B is an alkali metal.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 11 wherein B is potassium.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claims 10 or 11 wherein C is thorium.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 10 wherein C is lanthanum.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 10 wherein C is chromium.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 3 wherein A is iron and copper.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 3 wherein A is cobalt.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 3 wherein A is silver.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 3 wherein A is copper.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claims 17, 18 or 19 wherein B is an alkali metal.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claims 17, 18 or 19 wherein C is thorium.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the catalyst is on a support comprising alumina.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 10 or 11 wherein C is one or more elements selected from the group of Cr, La, Ce, Th, and Mo.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-04-12 | 1985-10-12 | 1986-04-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-04-12 | 1989-10-12 | 1990-04-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-04-12 | 1993-10-12 | 1994-04-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |