US4323364A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of and apparatus for examining substances and mixtures of substances
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1980-10-15
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Granted: 1982-04-06
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Expires: 2000-10-15
Abstract
Abstract A method of and apparatus for examining substances by subjecting them to a gravitational field while measuring the electrical effect derived from any resulting charge orientation. A centrifuge is preferably employed to give high g forces and an electrode system is used to provide an output signal. The output signal can be plotted against changing g forces to give a gravitational spectrum analysis graph. An apparatus for using such method is also described. Said apparatus comprises a direct or capacitive electrode system with one or more electrodes made of noble metal.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael Scherz
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 19:40
CPC Classifications
B; B04; B04B; B04B5/00; B04B5/04; B04B5/0407; B04B5/10; G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/007
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
66 words
A method of examining substances and mixtures of substances, the method consisting in taking the substance or mixture to be examined in a state in which gravitational orientation of molecules is possible, applying a specific gravitational field to the substance or mixture, and deriving an output signal in accordance with any deflection of the molecular charge orientation resulting from the application of the specific gravitational field.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
66 words
A method of examining substances and mixtures of substances, the method consisting in taking the substance or mixture to be examined in a state in which gravitational orientation of molecules is possible, applying a specific gravitational field to the substance or mixture, and deriving an output signal in accordance with any deflection of the molecular charge orientation resulting from the application of the specific gravitational field.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the size of the applied gravitational field is above 20 g.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the substance to be examined is dissolved in a solvent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the effect of the gravitational field is produced by centrifuging.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the output signal in relation to a variable specific gravitational field is presented as a gravitational spectrum.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the measured amount is the voltage produced from charge deviation.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein further to the gravitational field, an additional electric and/or magnetic field having a predetermined direction is applied.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method according to claim 7, wherein the additional field has at least one main component in the direction in which the molecular charges are deflected under the effect of the gravitational field.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the additional field has a field strength which is constant with time.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein in the case of dissolved macromolecular electrically conductive substances, an electrophoresis process is carried out during the gravitational action.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
58 words
Apparatus for examining substances and mixtures of substances comprising a centrifuge which has at least one chamber for holding the substance or mixture to be examined and subjecting it to centrifugal gravitational forces, an electrode system for detecting changes in the substance and mixture, and an electric output circuit for deriving an output signal from the electrode system.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
58 words
Apparatus for examining substances and mixtures of substances comprising a centrifuge which has at least one chamber for holding the substance or mixture to be examined and subjecting it to centrifugal gravitational forces, an electrode system for detecting changes in the substance and mixture, and an electric output circuit for deriving an output signal from the electrode system.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein two oppositely disposed electrodes are connected directly into the output circuit of the electrical measuring system by leads.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the electrode system forms a capacitor, the charge of which forms the input of the electrical output circuit.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
Apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the electrode system has one or more electrodes made of noble metal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
Apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the electrodes form the oppositely disposed wall surfaces of the chamber which is otherwise made of insulating material.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-04-05 | 1985-10-05 | 1986-04-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-04-05 | 1989-10-05 | 1990-04-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-04-05 | 1993-10-05 | 1994-04-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |