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Patent US4319085A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4319085A
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Speech recognition apparatus and method
Assignee: Siemens Corporate Research and Support Inc
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Filing: 1980-04-08
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Granted: 1982-03-09
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Expires: 2000-04-08
Abstract
Abstract In this speech recognition system the array formed by a timewise sequence of speech signal feature vectors includes digital data at each time slot representing both presence/absence and consistency of occurence.
Inventors
- 👤 John R. Welch
- 👤 Marvin B. Herscher
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-25 20:32
CPC Classifications
G; G10; G10L; G10L19/00; G10L19/04; G10L25/00; G10L25/78; G10L25/87
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
198 words
Apparatus which receives input spoken vocabulary words during a training phase of operation and subsequently recognizes received input spoken command words, comprising: feature extraction means for processing received input words and generating digital feature signals dependent upon the features present in said input words; means for forming, for each vocabulary word, a time dependent reference array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during at least a predetermined fraction of a number of training utterances of said vocabulary word and also representative of the consistency of occurrence of said particular feature signal at said particular time slot during said number of training utterances of said vocabulary word; means for forming a time dependent command word feature array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during a command word candidate; means for comparing, member-by-member, the command word feature array with the reference array for each vocabulary word; and means for selecting the vocabulary word those reference array yields the highest correlation with said command word feature array.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
198 words
Apparatus which receives input spoken vocabulary words during a training phase of operation and subsequently recognizes received input spoken command words, comprising: feature extraction means for processing received input words and generating digital feature signals dependent upon the features present in said input words; means for forming, for each vocabulary word, a time dependent reference array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during at least a predetermined fraction of a number of training utterances of said vocabulary word and also representative of the consistency of occurrence of said particular feature signal at said particular time slot during said number of training utterances of said vocabulary word; means for forming a time dependent command word feature array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during a command word candidate; means for comparing, member-by-member, the command word feature array with the reference array for each vocabulary word; and means for selecting the vocabulary word those reference array yields the highest correlation with said command word feature array.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
62 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said reference array for each vocabulary word includes two binary bits at each array position, one of said bits representing the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot, and the other of said bits representing the consistency of presence or absence of said particular feature at said particular time slot.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
37 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 2 wherein said feature array for each command word candidate has one binary bit at each array position representing the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein said means for forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include means for time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 2 wherein said means for forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include means for time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 3 wherein said means for forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include means for time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
109 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 2 wherein said means for performing said member-by-member comparison includes: means for comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and means for assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
109 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 5 wherein said means for performing said member-by-member comparison includes: means for comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and means for assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
109 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 6 wherein said means for performing said member-by-member comparison incudes: means for comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and means for assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
63 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 7 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
63 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 8 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
Apparatus as defined by claim 9 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
184 words
A method for receiving input spoken vocabulary words during a training phase of operation and subsequently recognizing input spoken command words, comprising the steps of: generating digital feature signals dependent upon the features present in said received input words; forming, for each vocabulary word, a time dependent reference array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during at least a predetermined fraction of a number of training utterances of said vocabulary word and also representative of the consistency of occurrence of said particular feature signal at said particular time slot during said number of training utterances of said vocabulary word; forming a time dependent command word feature array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot during a command word candidate; comparing, member-by-member, the command word feature array with the reference array for each vocabulary word; and selecting the vocabulary word whose reference array yields the highest correlation with said command word feature array.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
184 words
A method for receiving input spoken vocabulary words during a training phase of operation and subsequently recognizing input spoken command words, comprising the steps of: generating digital feature signals dependent upon the features present in said received input words; forming, for each vocabulary word, a time dependent reference array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature signal at a particular time slot during at least a predetermined fraction of a number of training utterances of said vocabulary word and also representative of the consistency of occurrence of said particular feature signal at said particular time slot during said number of training utterances of said vocabulary word; forming a time dependent command word feature array having digital information at each array position representative of the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot during a command word candidate; comparing, member-by-member, the command word feature array with the reference array for each vocabulary word; and selecting the vocabulary word whose reference array yields the highest correlation with said command word feature array.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
63 words
The method as defined by claim 13 wherein said reference array for each vocabulary word includes two binary bits at each array position, one of said bits representing the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot, and the other of said bits representing the consistency of presence or absence of said particular feature at said particular time slot.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method as defined by claim 14 wherein said feature array for each command word candidate has one binary bit at each array position representing the presence or absence of a particular feature at a particular time slot.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as defined by claim 13 wherein said steps of forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as defined by claim 14 wherein said steps of forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as defined by claim 15 wherein said steps of forming reference arrays and command word feature arrays include time-normalizing said reference arrays and said command word arrays.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
106 words
The method as defined by claim 14 wherein said step of performing said member-by-member comparison includes: comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
106 words
The methods as defined by claim 17 wherein said step of performing said member-by-member comparison includes: comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
106 words
The method as defined by claim 18 wherein said step of performing said member-by-member comparison includes: comparing each presence or absence indicative bit of the command word feature array with the corresponding presence or absence indicative bit of the reference array; and assigning a first predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature presence, a second predetermined correlation weight to a match of feature absence and either a third or fourth predetermined correlation weight to a mismatch of bits; the weight assigned to a mismatch having a value which depends upon the status of the consistency bit at the corresponding array position of the reference array.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method as defined by claim 19 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method as defined by claim 20 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
64 words
The method as defined by claim 21 wherein a match of feature absence is assigned zero correlation weight, a match of feature presence is assigned a positive correlation weight, and a mismatch is assigned a negative correlation weight, the magnitude of said negative correlation weight being relatively small when said consistency bit indicates inconsistency and being relatively large when said consistency bit indicates consistency.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-03-08 | 1985-09-07 | 1986-03-09 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-03-08 | 1989-09-07 | 1990-03-09 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-03-08 | 1993-09-07 | 1994-03-09 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |