US4308423A
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Stereo image separation and perimeter enhancement
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1980-03-12
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Granted: 1981-12-29
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Expires: 2000-03-12
Abstract
Abstract A stereo enhancement system utilizes a difference signal derived from the left and right stereo channels in which the difference signal is delayed, amplified, and then added into the appropriate channels to cancel left/right speaker mixing at the listener's ears, thereby to improve stereo separation without center region distortion. Depending on the amplification level of the difference signal, an increase in the perimeter sound over that produced at the central region gives a "wrap around" effect with only two speakers by increasing the volume of only the left/right directional sound components relative to centrally located sounds which have no left/right directionality. In order to compensate for the angle between the listener and the speakers, a continuously variable delay is provided in the 100 microsecond -1 millisecond range by the utilization of a serial-analog delay bucket brigade device. Ultrashort delays are created, in one embodiment, by utilizing equal delays in the left and right stereo channels. The difference signal is then delayed by an amount equal to either of the two initial delays plus the amount of desired delay. When serial analog delay devices are utilized, the clock rate of the delay line used for the difference signal is made slightly lower than the clock rate of the delay lines utilized in initially delaying the left/right signals, thereby to provide for ultrashort delayed difference signals. Off-center listener positions are accommodated by a further continuously variable delay line in one or the other of the left and right channels.
Inventors
- 👤 Joel M. Cohen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 07:27
CPC Classifications
H; H04; H04S; H04S1/00; H04S1/002
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 28
Claim 1
Independent Claim
88 words
Apparatus for stereo image separation and perimeter enhancement for use with stereophonic audio reproduction means having left and right channel outputs, comprising: means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in said left and right channels; means for delaying said difference signal; and, means coupled to said delay means for phase splitting said delayed signal and coupling the two phases of delayed signal into said left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from the correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
88 words
Apparatus for stereo image separation and perimeter enhancement for use with stereophonic audio reproduction means having left and right channel outputs, comprising: means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in said left and right channels; means for delaying said difference signal; and, means coupled to said delay means for phase splitting said delayed signal and coupling the two phases of delayed signal into said left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from the correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The apparatus of claim 1 and further including amplifying means between said delaying means and said phase splitting means for amplifying said delayed signal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said delaying means is variable.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said variable delaying means includes a clocked bucket brigade device.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said variable delay means delay is set to maximize apparent stereo separation.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus of claim 1 and further including means interposed after said difference signal deriving means for amplifying said difference signal so as to enhance perimeter sounds.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
83 words
A method for enhancing perimeter sounds in a stereo system having two loud speakers, one each associated with left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right stereo channels; delaying the difference signal; amplifying the delayed signal; phase splitting the amplified signal; and, coupling the phase split signal into the left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
83 words
A method for enhancing perimeter sounds in a stereo system having two loud speakers, one each associated with left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right stereo channels; delaying the difference signal; amplifying the delayed signal; phase splitting the amplified signal; and, coupling the phase split signal into the left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the amplifying step includes the step of amplifying the delayed signal by an amount in excess of directionless signals in the left and right channels as they come from the stereo system.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 8 wherein the amount of delay in the delaying step is variable and is set so as to effect maximum stereo separation for the listener.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 7 and further including the step of delaying the signals in one of the channels after the subtracting step by an amount to compensate for off-center listening, the delay being provided for the channel having the corresponding speaker closer to the off-center listener.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for enhancing stereo separation in a stereo system having two loud speakers, one each associated with left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right stereo channels; delaying the difference signal; phase splitting the delayed signal; and, coupling the phase split signal into the left and right channels so as to subtract pure left minus right and right minus left signals from correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 14
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for enhancing stereo separation in a stereo system having two loud speakers, one each associated with left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right stereo channels; delaying the difference signal; phase splitting the delayed signal; and, coupling the phase split signal into the left and right channels so as to subtract pure left minus right and right minus left signals from correspondingly opposite channels.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the amount of delay in the delaying step is variable and is set so as to maximize stereo separation for the listener.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
47 words
The method of claim 11 and further including the step of delaying the signals in one of the channels after the subtracting step by an amount to compensate for off-center listening, the delay being provided for the channel having the corresponding speaker closer to the off-center listener.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
119 words
Apparatus for stereo image separation and perimeter enhancement for use with stereophonic audio reproduction means having left and right channel outputs and corresponding loud speakers comprising: means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in said left and right channels; means for delaying said difference signal; means coupled to said delay means for phase splitting said delayed signal and coupling the phase split delayed signal into said left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from the correspondingly opposite channels; and, means for delaying the signals in a channel after said subtraction to compensate for off-center listening for the channel the speaker of which is closer to the listener.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
119 words
Apparatus for stereo image separation and perimeter enhancement for use with stereophonic audio reproduction means having left and right channel outputs and corresponding loud speakers comprising: means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in said left and right channels; means for delaying said difference signal; means coupled to said delay means for phase splitting said delayed signal and coupling the phase split delayed signal into said left and right channels so as to subtract delayed left minus right and right minus left components from the correspondingly opposite channels; and, means for delaying the signals in a channel after said subtraction to compensate for off-center listening for the channel the speaker of which is closer to the listener.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of obtaining short delays with clocked bucket brigade devices, comprising the steps of: delaying one signal with a bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at one clocking rate; delaying another signal with a second bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at a different rate; and, combining the delayed signals so as to obtain a delay which is the difference in delays engendered by the different clocking rates.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
69 words
A method of obtaining short delays with clocked bucket brigade devices, comprising the steps of: delaying one signal with a bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at one clocking rate; delaying another signal with a second bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at a different rate; and, combining the delayed signals so as to obtain a delay which is the difference in delays engendered by the different clocking rates.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the clocking rates are significantly higher in frequency than the frequency of any information on the signal.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
70 words
A method of obtaining short delays for acoustic signals in left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: delaying the signals in both the left and right channels by a predetermined amount; deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right channels; delaying the difference signal by an amount different from the first delaying step; and, subtracting the delayed difference signal from a delayed channel signal.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
70 words
A method of obtaining short delays for acoustic signals in left and right stereo channels comprising the steps of: delaying the signals in both the left and right channels by a predetermined amount; deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right channels; delaying the difference signal by an amount different from the first delaying step; and, subtracting the delayed difference signal from a delayed channel signal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for obtaining short delays of a signal with clocked bucket brigade devices, comprising: means for delaying said signal with a bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at one clocking rate; means for delaying a reference signal with a second bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at a different rate; and, means for combining the delayed signals so as to obtain a signal delayed by the difference in delays engendered by the different clocking rates.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for obtaining short delays of a signal with clocked bucket brigade devices, comprising: means for delaying said signal with a bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at one clocking rate; means for delaying a reference signal with a second bucket brigade analog delay line clocked at a different rate; and, means for combining the delayed signals so as to obtain a signal delayed by the difference in delays engendered by the different clocking rates.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the clocking rates are significantly higher in frequency than the frequency of any information on said signal.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for obtaining short delays for acoustic signals in left and right stereo channels comprising: means for delaying the signals in both the left and right channels by a predetermined amount; means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right channels; means for delaying the difference signal by an amount different from the first mentioned delaying means; and, means for subtracting the delayed difference signal from a delayed channel signal.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
75 words
Apparatus for obtaining short delays for acoustic signals in left and right stereo channels comprising: means for delaying the signals in both the left and right channels by a predetermined amount; means for deriving a difference signal from the signals in the left and right channels; means for delaying the difference signal by an amount different from the first mentioned delaying means; and, means for subtracting the delayed difference signal from a delayed channel signal.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-12-28 | 1985-06-29 | 1985-12-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-12-28 | 1989-06-29 | 1989-12-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-12-28 | 1993-06-29 | 1993-12-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |